Interests Groups Piques0

Interest Groups ,[object Object]

[object Object],[object Object],What is the role of interest groups?

[object Object],Interest Groups: you might think they are simply lobbying organizations trying to convince Congress to pass laws favorable to their organization but there is far more.... James Riddlesperger, Jr. of Texas Christian Univ. argues that interest groups focus on “targets of opportunity,” and that entails not only the legislative branch but also the executive and judicial branch as realms of effective lobbying. It is not as simple as the legislative branch makes laws, the executive enforces laws, and the judicial interprets laws.

[object Object],An example? Civil Rights Where were the pressure points for these interest groups to achieve change? 1st- the Presidency in the 1940s. Court? Plessy v Ferguson still active. Congress? Southern Democrats ruled the committees. President? Truman -Executive Order 9981 which desegregated the armed forces. 2nd- Civil rights interests wanted desegregated public schools. Yet run by states and President can’t touch that. Congress still dominated by Southern Democrats. Turn to Courts. 1950s. Long appellate process results in Brown v Board of Education 1954

[object Object],An example? Civil Rights Where were the pressure points for these interest groups to achieve change? 3rd- 1960s - MLK and mov’t. Minor civil rights act passed in 1957. Bull Connor. JFK and LBJ all result in 1965 Civil Rights Act.

Interest Groups- How They Shape Policy Types of Lobbyists 1) Paid employee of union, association, corporation 2) Temp. Lobbyists. How They Help 1) Source of information 2) Can help politicians with political strategies for getting legislation through 3) Can help formulate campaign strategy and get the group members behind a politicians reelection campaign 4) Source of ideas and innovations

[object Object],As a linkage institution. Not like parties because of multiplicity of policy arenas. Not like parties because don’t run own slate of political candidates ( yet... Citizens v. FEC 2010 ). Not like parties because policy specialists rather than generalists. Different goals than political party.

[object Object],How? Litigation- class action lawsuits and amicus curiae briefs Grassroot lobbying- celebrity causes (Angelie?) Mass mobilization - mass mailings, email Campaign Contributions

[object Object],Perks or Bribery?

[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Positives? Investigate deeper with http://mr-shulman.wikispaces.com/Interest+Group+Scavenger+Hunt

[object Object],So How Does a Bill Become a Law?

[object Object],So How Does a Bill Become a Law? ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

[object Object],So How Does a Bill Become a Law? ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

[object Object],Current Issues ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Lobbyist Pushed Off Advisory Panels http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2009/11/26/AR2009112602362.html?hpid=topnews

[object Object],Need to Know Interest Groups

Surprising Ineffectiveness of Large Groups Pressure politics most effective from small group Potential Group vs. Actual Group logic of collective good can equal free rider problem Olson’s law of large groups bigger group= bigger free riders. This makes small groups more effective. Explains why corporate interests more effective in groups than consumer interests. Provide selective benefits to members to overcome this dilemma

Interest Groups Equal advantage is intensity - and single issue groups are on the rise. swem.wm.edu/beta/flathat/issues/fh20041029SS.pdf http://women4hope.files.wordpress.com/2007/09/pro-life-cartoon.gif http://www.wmsa.net/People/john_mccain/keating.jpg Money counts What do you think? Are recipients of money influenced in their votes?

Interest Groups Hall and Deardorff - lobbying as a form of “legislative subsidy” where they define as a “matching grant of costly policy information, political intelligence, and labor to the enterprises of strategically selected legislatures” *purpose of such a strategy is not to change anyone’s mind but rather to help one’s political allies. http://www.wmsa.net/People/john_mccain/keating.jpg

Interest Groups -- Concerns Lobbying as shady business or as strict professional representation of legitimate interests? Municipal government lobbyists Electioneering via PACs Corporate Welfare http://www.wmsa.net/People/john_mccain/keating.jpg

Interest Groups -- Types Economic - regulation policies, subsidies, tax code, international quotas/tariffs Labor - right to work, union shops, labor interest groups Environmental- Arctic National Wildlife Refuge Equality- NAACP and NOW Consumer Interest- Nader http://www.wmsa.net/People/john_mccain/keating.jpg

Interests Groups Piques0

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