Limited number parking lots and missing governance in managing and disseminating information about available car parking spaces became significant problem in many metropolis cities. Sofia city government had yearlong experience with improving own system of parking lot management. Even e semi-electronic parking lot system was implemented a upon a time ago, internally the system does not provide information for free available parking lots. Contribution of this study is to provide whole extensive evidence based on urban design, growth of traffic flow and technology innovation with aim to implement software application services to domestic transportation system agents with goal to increase local social wealth with car parking lot reorganization and positive influence over reduction of carbonate gases and city traffic flow. Furthermore, we are first who attempt to implement similar system in the capital city of Bulgaria (Sofia city). Likewise, we tried to exclude deficiency of previous research that was implementing mobile technologies in intelligent transportation system. In this proposal we attempt to solve those problems.

1. Smart parking lot a way to toward green city
by Simeon Arnaudov
463.507 Practices in Technology Management Economics and Policy
01 March 2014
Abstract
Limited number parking lots and missing governance in managing and
disseminating information about available car parking spaces became significant
problem in many metropolis cities. Sofia city government had yearlong experience with
improving own system of parking lot management. Even e semi-electronic parking lot
system was implemented a upon a time ago, internally the system does not provide
information for free available parking lots. Contribution of this study is to provide
whole extensive evidence based on urban design, growth of traffic flow and technology
innovation with aim to implement software application services to domestic
transportation system agents with goal to increase local social wealth with car parking
lot reorganization and positive influence over reduction of carbonate gases and city
traffic flow. Furthermore, we are first who attempt to implement similar system in the
capital city of Bulgaria (Sofia city). Likewise, we tried to exclude deficiency of
previous research that was implementing mobile technologies in intelligent
transportation system. In this proposal we attempt to solve those problems.
Keywords: Intelligent transportation system; Information technology; Innovation;
Convergence; Intelligent transportation system and mobile application; Green city;
Addressed to: Sofia Municipality; IT Technology and Policy program (ITPP) – Seoul
National University; CityNet (Korea, Seoul branch office);
Possible funding: Sofia Municipality state budget; European funds in area of urban
planning and ecology;

2. Introduction
Intelligent Transport Systems (ITS) include traffic control, mobile
communication (GPRS vehicle monitoring system) and all types of communications in
vehicles, between vehicles (car-to-car), and between vehicles and fixed car-to-
infrastructure. However, ITS is not restricted to Road Transport only - they also include
the use of information and communication technologies (ICT) for any type of transport
including navigation system.
Urbanization and population growth are conspiring to overwhelm transportation
systems around the world (IBM 2010). Over the last 50 years, Sofia-city had grown
three times (NSI 2007). Heavy investment in number of industries, and rebuilding the
city urbanization shift the city population to over a million. People and goods mobility
from one point to the end point increase significantly the traffic jams. Limited number
of parking lots became problem as well. Fortunately, it is difficult to conclude which is
bigger problem, the lack of parking lots or missing of governance in managing and
disseminating information about free car parking spaces. City government had yearlong
experiance with improving own system of Parking lot management (September 2012 –
implement a SMS parking lot payment system).
Since June 2008 (Sofia city government) had been introduced innovative
technology for mobile phone subscribers using short SMS message to pay particular
occupied parking lot. Perhaps the system was available only in down town, where
parking restriction existed only. In other location of the city there is not payment
restriction, in case there are have not parking under restriction of the Road law. That

3. time the city government idea was to increase social wealth with reducing time for
buying parking ticket, eliminating the chance of private interaction between parking lot
valet and car driver. The role of parking valets reclassified, then they begin only to
oversee parking lot subscriber fulfilling their obligation for payment for certain duration.
The valets was equipped with smart mobile devices, with full access to parking lot data
base. The data base content information about occupied and not occupied parking lot
places, car plate’s numbers of parked cars and paid parking duration for certain car.
However this system is working well, there is not public access for available (not
occupied) parking lots. Under public access, we understand open landline or mobile
internet admittance to parking lot information. The information could content only
information for free and available parking lots in “blue” and “green” parking zones.
State of art
Information about city urbanization have to be conducted from city government
report, traffic reports, urbanization plan, and annual report for mobile communication
demand (yearly market overview). Technology for managing information about free
parking lots will be host online with accessibility via mobile internet (mainly using city
territory available mobile Internet technologies as Mobile Wi-Fi, 3G or LTE) and
available via mobile application. The goal of the mobile application is to search for
available parking lot. The mobile app will have access to parking lot data base, payment
parking system and mobile application server.
Literature review of city government reports gave us fully understanding of the
parking lot problem, city government planning and public budget, number of registered
cars, pollution reports, and traffic jam report.

4. Overview of mobile communication demand is important to understand the user
adaptation to new innovation technologies as 3G; 4G and LTE and in other hand the
mobile application. Most popular mobile technology for internet access and type of
mobile phone operation system will show the most favourable type of mobile phone
application.
Report of CRC 2012 shows 91% of population operate with mobile phone,
where out of them 12 % (ARC fund 2011) are smart phones. The 2011 year growth of
smart phone users is 24% (ARC fund 2011). Smart phone survey among Bulgarian
customers (NGO Mobile review 2011) shows that 65,8% from mobile operation system
is Symbian. Nevertheless, 11% of smart phones are with installed iOS, these users are
generating half of the mobile data traffic.
Literature review of current mobile internet based intelligent transportation
system.
Project proposal goals
With this proposal, we attempt to propose new services for available parking
lots, data collection and real time dissemination of information for “blue” and “green”
parking lots zones. Service have to be available for online access. Furthermore, we will
extend the importance (understanding) of Intelligent Transportation System (ITS) and
passably will link this IT solution to global warming issue with partially reducing
carbonate gases and city pollution.
Contribution to this study is to provide completely extensive evidence based on
urban growing, traffic flow increasing and technology improvement for implementing
innovative services to domestic transportation system with aim to increase local social

5. wealth fare. Furthermore, we are first who are tried to implement similar system in the
city of Sofia. Likewise, we tried to exclude deficiency of previous research that was
implementing mobile technologies in intelligent transportation system.
Methodology
We summarize the literature, municipality legislation, Sofia urban planning,
domestic law of road traffic, current mobile services supply, usage of mobile internet
and other related reports. Finally, we propose our service solution, limitations and future
research.
Conclusion and future research
Reducing collusions, pollution, lost working time, traffic jams for drivers
looking free parking lot significantly will increase social wealth fare. Further study is to
upgrade the mobile application including navigation system to the nearest free parking
lot.

6. Reference:
Simeon Arnaudov: “Navigate for available parking lots with usage of mobile application”, 463.516 Management of
technology convergence, Fall semester 2012
IBM 2010: http://public.dhe.ibm.com/common/ssi/ecm/en/tte03001usen/TTE03001USEN.PDF
NSI 2007 – national statistical institute. Annual report 2007
Sofia-city government: http://www.sofia.bg/sinia_zona.asp
CRC – communication regulation commission http://crc.bg/index.php?lang=en
ARC fund: http://www.arcfund.net/
Mobile review: http://socialevo.net/nad-edin-milion-smartfoni-v-balgariya-za-2011-g-44911