1. Conclusions…

2.  The student will:
Accurately identify the
characteristics of an Ionic Bond
and a Covalent Bond
Demonstrate what causes a
chemical bond

3. Valence Electron
Ionic Bond
Covalent Bond

4. The electrons
located on the
outer energy
level of each
element.

5.  The Number of valence
electrons ranges from 1 – 8
▪Atoms with 1 – 7 valence electrons
are unstable and require bonding
to make them complete
▪Atoms with 8 valence electrons,
The Noble Gases, are stable and
therefore do not bond with any
other elements.

6.  A chemical bond between a metal
and a nonmetal.
 It is when valence electrons are
borrowed/taken from the metal to bring
the outer energy electron level of the
nonmetal up to 8
 The metal “Donates”
electrons to the
non-metal

7. Metals donate, loan (lose)
electrons while nonmetals
borrow (gain) electrons
Each metal loses electrons
becoming a Positive (+) Ion
Each nonmetal gains electrons
becoming a Negative (-) Ion

8. Have a high conductivity
reading > 700 Micro-
Siemens
Easily broken

9.  A bond between
two like atoms or
a nonmetal and
another
nonmetal
▪ The outer energy
level electrons are
shared between
the two atoms to
make the valence
complete at 8.

10. Are a very strong bond
▪Are found in solid, liquid
and gas form
▪Bond like a chain link
▪Low conductivity < 500
micro-Siemens

11. Most atoms by themselves
are unstable
All atom families/groups
except group 18, The
Noble Gases are unstable

12. Atoms seek to complete
their outer energy level to
become stable

13. To become stable, atoms
need to bond with other
atoms
Metals w/ Nonmetals
Nonmetals w/ Nonmetals
Same atom w/ same atom

14. Elements with:
Low valence numbers
(metals) lose electrons
High valence numbers
(nonmetals) gain electrons

15. There are two types of
chemical bonds
▪Ionic Bonds
▪Covalent Bonds

16. Ionic Bond
▪Metals with nonmetals
▪Na(1) + Cl(7) = NaCl(8)
(valence numbers in parentheses)

17. Covalent Bond
▪Nonmetals w/ nonmetals
▪Example:
H(1) + H(1) + O(6)  H2O (8)
(valence numbers in parentheses)

18. We can test for bond type by
testing the conductivity of a
chemical compound solution
The chemicals in water
By measuring Conductivity in
Micro-Siemens

19. Remember:
Bonding takes place to give
atoms stability
Bonding allows for
compounds to form

20. Remember:
Atoms that are nonmetals
and bond w/ nonmetals as
well as atoms bonding with
like atoms form Covalent
Bonds

21. Remember:
Atoms that are metals and
bond with non- metals form
Ionic Bonds

22. Whew!
Have a great day!