This presentation was prepared for Deaf and hard of hearing students in Ms AmyC's social studies classes.

1. The Court System of USA

2. Topic: ms
Questions/Main Ideas: Notes:
Summary:
CORNELL NOTES

3. Topic:
Questions/Main Ideas: Notes:
Summary:
1. The United States Court System
Local Courts: *Criminal Court *Civil Court *Family Court *State Courts
2. In the courtroom
*Judge
*Jurors
*Defendant
*Witnesses
*Attorneys: Prosecution & Defense
3.Levels of Courts: Local, State, District (Federal Trial) and Appellate Courts
4.The Supreme Court
*Established by Article III of the Constitution. The Judicial Branch.
*”Equal Justice Under Law”
*Judges are called “Justices.”
*Nine judges appointed for life by President. Congress must approve. (1st
Court =
6)
*One Judge = Chief Justice.
*Life long appointments = Justices are independent.
*Decisions are long-reaching. President’s influence is long-reaching.

4. Topic: Courts and the Judicial Branch
Questions/Main Ideas: Notes:
Summary:
1. The United States Court System
Local Courts: *Criminal Court *Civil Court *Family Court *State Courts
2. In the courtroom
*Judge
*Jurors
*Defendant
*Witnesses
*Attorneys: Prosecution & Defense
3.Levels of Courts: Local, State, District (Federal Trial) and Appellate Courts
4.The Supreme Court
*Established by Article III of the Constitution. The Judicial Branch.
*”Equal Justice Under Law”
*Judges are called “Justices.”
*Nine judges appointed for life by President. Congress must approve. (1st
Court =
6)
*One Judge = Chief Justice.
*Life long appointments = Justices are independent.
*Decisions are long-reaching. President’s influence is long-reaching.

5. Topic: Courts and the Judicial Branch
Questions/Main Ideas: Notes:
Summary:
1. The United States Court System
Local Courts: *Criminal Court *Civil Court *Family Court *State Courts
2. In the courtroom
*Judge
*Jurors
*Defendant
*Witnesses
*Attorneys: Prosecution & Defense
3.Levels of Courts: Local, State, District (Federal Trial) and Appellate Courts
4.The Supreme Court
*Established by Article III of the Constitution. The Judicial Branch.
*”Equal Justice Under Law”
*Judges are called “Justices.”
*Nine judges appointed for life by President. Congress must approve. (1st
Court =
6)
*One Judge = Chief Justice.
*Life long appointments = Justices are independent.
*Decisions are long-reaching. President’s influence is long-reaching.

6. Topic: Courts and the Judicial Branch
Questions/Main Ideas: Notes:
Summary:
1. The United States Court System
Local Courts: *Criminal Court *Civil Court *Family Court and State Courts
2. In the courtroom
*Judge
*Jurors
*Defendant
*Witnesses
*Attorneys: Prosecution & Defense
3.Levels of Courts: Local, State, District (Federal Trial) and Appellate Courts
4.The Supreme Court
*Established by Article III of the Constitution. The Judicial Branch.
*”Equal Justice Under Law”
*Judges are called “Justices.”
*Nine judges appointed for life by President. Congress must approve. (1st
Court =
6)
*One Judge = Chief Justice.
*Life long appointments = Justices are independent.
*Decisions are long-reaching. President’s influence is long-reaching.

7. Topic: Courts and the Judicial Branch
Questions/Main Ideas: Notes:
Summary:
1. The United States Court System
Local Courts: *Criminal Court *Civil Court *Family Court and State Courts
2. In the courtroom
*Judge
*Jurors
*Defendant
*Witnesses
*Attorneys: Prosecution & Defense
3.Levels of Courts: Local, State, District (Federal Trial) and Appellate Courts
4.The Supreme Court
*Established by Article III of the Constitution. The Judicial Branch.
*”Equal Justice Under Law”
*Judges are called “Justices.”
*Nine judges appointed for life by President. Congress must approve. (1st
Court =
6)
*One Judge = Chief Justice.
*Life long appointments = Justices are independent.
*Decisions are long-reaching. President’s influence is long-reaching.

8. Topic: Courts and the Judicial Branch
Questions/Main Ideas: Notes:
Summary:
1. The United States Court System
Local Courts: *Criminal Court, *CivilCourt , *Family Cou and State Courts2.
In the courtroom
*Judge
*Jurors
*Defendant
*Witnesses
*Attorneys: Prosecution & Defense
3.Levels of Courts: Local, State, District (Federal Trial) and Appellate Courts
4.The Supreme Court
*Established by Article III of the Constitution. The Judicial Branch.
*”Equal Justice Under Law”
*Judges are called “Justices.”
*Nine judges appointed for life by President. Congress must approve. (1st
Court =
6)
*One Judge = Chief Justice.
*Life long appointments = Justices are independent.
*Decisions are long-reaching. President’s influence is long-reaching.

9. Topic: Courts and the Judicial Branch
Questions/Main Ideas: Notes:
Summary:
1. The United States Court System
Local Courts: *Criminal Court, *Civil Court, *Family Court and State Courts
2. In the courtroom
*Judge
*Jurors
*Defendant
*Witnesses
*Attorneys: Prosecution & Defense
3.Levels of Courts: Local, State, District (Federal Trial) and Appellate Courts
4.The Supreme Court
*Established by Article III of the Constitution. The Judicial Branch.
*”Equal Justice Under Law”
*Judges are called “Justices.”
*Nine judges appointed for life by President. Congress must approve. (1st
Court =
6)
*One Judge = Chief Justice.
*Life long appointments = Justices are independent.
*Decisions are long-reaching. President’s influence is long-reaching.

10. Topic: Courts and the Judicial Branch
Questions/Main Ideas: Notes:
Summary:
1. The United States Court System
Local Courts: *Criminal Court *Civil Court *Family Court, and State Courts
2. In the courtroom
*Judge
*Jurors
*Defendant
*Witnesses
*Attorneys: Prosecution & Defense
3.Levels of Courts: Local, State, District (Federal Trial) and Appellate Courts
4.The Supreme Court
*Established by Article III of the Constitution. The Judicial Branch.
*”Equal Justice Under Law”
*Judges are called “Justices.”
*Nine judges appointed for life by President. Congress must approve. (1st
Court =
6)
*One Judge = Chief Justice.
*Life long appointments = Justices are independent.
*Decisions are long-reaching. President’s influence is long-reaching.

11. Topic: Courts and the Judicial Branch
Questions/Main Ideas: Notes:
Summary:
1. The United States Court System
Local Courts: *Criminal Court *Civil Court *Family Court and State Courts
2. In the courtroom
*Judge
*Jurors
*Defendant
*Witnesses
*Attorneys: Prosecution & Defense
3.Levels of Courts: Local, State, District (Federal Trial) and Appellate Courts
4.The Supreme Court
*Established by Article III of the Constitution. The Judicial Branch.
*”Equal Justice Under Law”
*Judges are called “Justices.”
*Nine judges appointed for life by President. Congress must approve. (1st
Court =
6)
*One Judge = Chief Justice.
*Life long appointments = Justices are independent.
*Decisions are long-reaching. President’s influence is long-reaching.

12. The Supreme Court

13. The Supreme Court

14. The Supreme Court

15. The Supreme Court

16. The Supreme Court

17. The Supreme Court

18. The Supreme Court

19. The Supreme Court

20. The Supreme Court
Make an appeal =
Ask the next court level
to hear your story.
Make an appeal =
Ask the next court level
to hear your story.

22. Inside a Courtroom

23. Topic: Courts and the Judicial Branch
Questions/Main Ideas: Notes:
Summary:
1. The United States Court System
Local Courts: *Criminal Court *Civil Court *Family Court and State Courts
2. In the courtroom
*Judge
*Jurors
*Defendant
*Witnesses
*Attorneys: Prosecution & Defense
3.Levels of Courts: Local, State, District (Federal Trial) and Appellate Courts
4.The Supreme Court
*Established by Article III of the Constitution. The Judicial Branch.
*”Equal Justice Under Law”
*Judges are called “Justices.”
*Nine judges appointed for life by President. Congress must approve. (1st
Court =
6)
*One Judge = Chief Justice.
*Life long appointments = Justices are independent.
*Decisions are long-reaching. President’s influence is long-reaching.

24. Inside a Courtroom

25. Inside a Courtroom
Judge

26. Topic: Courts and the Judicial Branch
Questions/Main Ideas: Notes:
Summary:
1. The United States Court System
Local Courts: *Criminal Court *Civil Court *Family Court and State Courts
2. In the courtroom
*Judge
*Jurors
*Defendant
*Witnesses
*Attorneys: Prosecution & Defense
3.Levels of Courts: Local, State, District (Federal Trial) and Appellate Courts
4.The Supreme Court
*Established by Article III of the Constitution. The Judicial Branch.
*”Equal Justice Under Law”
*Judges are called “Justices.”
*Nine judges appointed for life by President. Congress must approve. (1st
Court =
6)
*One Judge = Chief Justice.
*Life long appointments = Justices are independent.
*Decisions are long-reaching. President’s influence is long-reaching.

27. Inside a Courtroom
Judge The Jury

28. Topic: Courts and the Judicial Branch
Questions/Main Ideas: Notes:
Summary:
1. The United States Court System
Local Courts: *Criminal Court *Civil Court *Family Court and State Courts
2. In the courtroom
*Judge
*Jurors
*Defendant
*Witnesses
*Attorneys: Prosecution & Defense
3.Levels of Courts: Local, State, District (Federal Trial) and Appellate Courts
4.The Supreme Court
*Established by Article III of the Constitution. The Judicial Branch.
*”Equal Justice Under Law”
*Judges are called “Justices.”
*Nine judges appointed for life by President. Congress must approve. (1st
Court =
6)
*One Judge = Chief Justice.
*Life long appointments = Justices are independent.
*Decisions are long-reaching. President’s influence is long-reaching.

29. Inside a Courtroom
Judge The Jury
Defendant

30. Topic: Courts and the Judicial Branch
Questions/Main Ideas: Notes:
Summary:
1. The United States Court System
Local Courts: *Criminal Court *Civil Court *Family Court and State Courts
2. In the courtroom
*Judge
*Jurors
*Defendant
*Witnesses
*Attorneys: Prosecution & Defense
3.Levels of Courts: Local, State, District (Federal Trial) and Appellate Courts
4.The Supreme Court
*Established by Article III of the Constitution. The Judicial Branch.
*”Equal Justice Under Law”
*Judges are called “Justices.”
*Nine judges appointed for life by President. Congress must approve. (1st
Court =
6)
*One Judge = Chief Justice.
*Life long appointments = Justices are independent.
*Decisions are long-reaching. President’s influence is long-reaching.

31. Inside a Courtroom
Judge The Jury
Defendant
Witness

32. Topic: Courts and the Judicial Branch
Questions/Main Ideas: Notes:
Summary:
1. The United States Court System
Local Courts: *Criminal Court *Civil Court *Family Court and State Courts
2. In the courtroom
*Judge
*Jurors
*Defendant
*Witnesses
*Attorneys: Prosecution & Defense
3.Levels of Courts: Local, State, District (Federal Trial) and Appellate Courts
4.The Supreme Court
*Established by Article III of the Constitution. The Judicial Branch.
*”Equal Justice Under Law”
*Judges are called “Justices.”
*Nine judges appointed for life by President. Congress must approve. (1st
Court =
6)
*One Judge = Chief Justice.
*Life long appointments = Justices are independent.
*Decisions are long-reaching. President’s influence is long-reaching.

33. Inside a Courtroom
Judge
Defense attorney
The Jury
Defendant
Witness

34. Inside a Courtroom
Judge
Defense attorney
The Jury
Defendant
Prosecutio
n
Witness

35. Topic: Courts and the Judicial Branch
Questions/Main Ideas: Notes:
Summary:
1. The United States Court System
Local Courts: *Criminal Court *Civil Court *Family Court and State Courts
2. In the courtroom
*Judge
*Jurors
*Defendant
*Witnesses
*Attorneys: Prosecution & Defense
3.Levels of Courts: Local, State, District (Federal Trial) and Appellate Courts
4.The Supreme Court
*Established by Article III of the Constitution. The Judicial Branch.
*”Equal Justice Under Law”
*Judges are called “Justices.”
*Nine judges appointed for life by President. Congress must approve. (1st
Court =
6)
*One Judge = Chief Justice.
*Life long appointments = Justices are independent.
*Decisions are long-reaching. President’s influence is long-reaching.

36. Inside a Courtroom
Judge
Prosecutio
n
Defens
e
The Jury
Witness
Defendant

37. Topic: Courts and the Judicial Branch
Questions/Main Ideas: Notes:
Summary:
1. The United States Court System
Local Courts: *Criminal Court *Civil Court *Family Court and State Courts
2. In the courtroom
*Judge
*Jurors
*Defendant
*Witnesses
*Attorneys: Prosecution & Defense
3.Levels of Courts: Local, State, District (Federal Trial) and Appellate Courts
4.The Supreme Court
*Established by Article III of the Constitution. The Judicial Branch.
*”Equal Justice Under Law”
*Judges are called “Justices.”
*Nine judges appointed for life by President. Congress must approve. (1st
Court =
6)
*One Judge = Chief Justice.
*Life long appointments = Justices are independent.
*Decisions are long-reaching. President’s influence is long-reaching.

38. Topic: Courts and the Judicial Branch
Questions/Main Ideas: Notes:
Summary:
1. The United States Court System
Local Courts: *Criminal Court *Civil Court *Family Court and State Courts
2. In the courtroom
*Judge
*Jurors
*Defendant
*Witnesses
*Attorneys: Prosecution & Defense
3.Levels of Courts: Local, State, District (Federal Trial) and Appellate Courts
4.The Supreme Court
*Established by Article III of the Constitution. The Judicial Branch.
*”Equal Justice Under Law”
*Judges are called “Justices.”
*Nine judges appointed for life by President. Congress must approve. (1st
Court =
6)
*One Judge = Chief Justice.
*Life long appointments = Justices are independent.
*Decisions are long-reaching. President’s influence is long-reaching.

39. Topic: Courts and the Judicial Branch
Questions/Main Ideas: Notes:
Summary:
1. The United States Court System
Local Courts: *Criminal Court *Civil Court *Family Court and State Courts
2. In the courtroom
*Judge
*Jurors
*Defendant
*Witnesses
*Attorneys: Prosecution & Defense (or Plaintiff & Defense or Petitioner &
Respondent)
3.Levels of Courts: Local, State, District (Federal Trial) and Appellate Courts
4.The Supreme Court
*Established by Article III of the Constitution. The Judicial Branch.
*”Equal Justice Under Law”
*Judges are called “Justices.”
*Nine judges appointed for life by President. Congress must approve. (1st
Court =
6)
*One Judge = Chief Justice.
*Life long appointments = Justices are independent.
*Decisions are long-reaching. President’s influence is long-reaching.
Criminal CourtCriminal Court

40. Inside a Courtroom
Judge
Prosecutio
n
Defens
e
The Jury
Witness
Defendant

41. Inside a Courtroom
Judge
Plaintiff
Defens
e
The Jury
Witness

42. Topic: Courts and the Judicial Branch
Questions/Main Ideas: Notes:
Summary:
1. The United States Court System
Local Courts: *Criminal Court *Civil Court *Family Court and State Courts
2. In the courtroom
*Judge
*Jurors
*Defendant
*Witnesses
*Attorneys: Prosecution & Defense (or Plaintiff & Defense or Petitioner & Respondent)
3.Levels of Courts: Local, State, District (Federal Trial) and Appellate Courts
4.The Supreme Court
*Established by Article III of the Constitution. The Judicial Branch.
*”Equal Justice Under Law”
*Judges are called “Justices.”
*Nine judges appointed for life by President. Congress must approve. (1st
Court =
6)
*One Judge = Chief Justice.
*Life long appointments = Justices are independent.
*Decisions are long-reaching. President’s influence is long-reaching.
Civil CourtCivil Court

43. Inside a Courtroom
Judge
Plaintiff
Defens
e
The Jury
Witness

44. Inside a Courtroom
Judge
Petitioner
Responden
t
The Jury
Witness

45. Topic: Courts and the Judicial Branch
Questions/Main Ideas: Notes:
Summary:
1. The United States Court System
Local Courts: *Criminal Court *Civil Court *Family Court and State Courts
2. In the courtroom
*Judge
*Jurors
*Defendant
*Witnesses
*Attorneys: Prosecution & Defense (or Plaintiff & Defense or Petitioner & Respondent)
3.Levels of Courts: Local, State, District (Federal Trial) and Appellate Courts
4.The Supreme Court
*Established by Article III of the Constitution. The Judicial Branch.
*”Equal Justice Under Law”
*Judges are called “Justices.”
*Nine judges appointed for life by President. Congress must approve. (1st
Court =
6)
*One Judge = Chief Justice.
*Life long appointments = Justices are independent.
*Decisions are long-reaching. President’s influence is long-reaching.
Family CourtFamily Court

46. Inside a Courtroom
Judge
Prosecutio
n
Defens
e
The Jury
Witness

47. Inside a Courtroom
Judge
Prosecutio
n
Defens
e
The Jury
Witness Clerk

48. Inside a Courtroom
Judge
Prosecutio
n
Defens
e
The Jury
Witness Clerk
Bailiff

49. Inside a Courtroom
Judge
Prosecutio
n
Defens
e
The Jury
Witness Clerk
Bailiff
Visitors’ G
allery

50. Topic: Courts and the Judicial Branch
Questions/Main Ideas: Notes:
Summary:
1. The United States Court System
Local Courts: *Criminal Court *Civil Court *Family Court and State Courts
2. In the courtroom
*Judge
*Jurors
*Defendant
*Witnesses
*Attorneys: Prosecution & Defense (or Plaintiff & Defense or Petitioner & Respondent)
*Clerk, Bailiff, Visitors’ Gallery
3.Levels of Courts: Local, State, District (Federal Trial) and Appellate Courts
4.The Supreme Court
*Established by Article III of the Constitution. The Judicial Branch.
*”Equal Justice Under Law”
*Judges are called “Justices.”
*Nine judges appointed for life by President. Congress must approve. (1st Court =
6)
*One Judge = Chief Justice.
*Life long appointments = Justices are independent.
*Decisions are long-reaching. President’s influence is long-reaching.

51. Inside a
Courtroom
Judge Witness
Prosecuting Attorney
ProsecutionDefense
Court Clerk
(or Reporter)
Judge Witness
Prosecuting Attorney
Defense
Defendant
Prosecution
Jury
Visitors’ Gallery

55. Topic: Courts and the Judicial Branch
Questions/Main Ideas: Notes:
Summary:
1. The United States Court System
Local Courts: *Criminal Court *Civil Court *Family Court and State Courts
2. In the courtroom
*Judge
*Jurors
*Defendant
*Witnesses
*Attorneys: Prosecution & Defense (or Plaintiff & Defense or Petitioner & Respondent)
*Clerk, Bailiff, Visitors’ Gallery
3.Levels of Courts: Local, State, District (Federal Trial) and Appellate Courts
4.The Supreme Court
*Established by Article III of the Constitution. The Judicial Branch.
*”Equal Justice Under Law”
*Judges are called “Justices.”
*Nine judges appointed for life by President. Congress must approve. (1st Court =
6)
*One Judge = Chief Justice.
*Life long appointments = Justices are independent.
*Decisions are long-reaching. President’s influence is long-reaching.

56. United States Courts of Appeals and United States District Courts

57. The United States Court System

58. The United States Court System

59. The United States Court System

60. The United States Court System
?

67. The United States Court System

68. Topic: Courts and the Judicial Branch
Questions/Main Ideas: Notes:
Summary:
1. The United States Court System
Local Courts: *Criminal Court *Civil Court *Family Court and State Courts
2. In the courtroom
*Judge
*Jurors
*Defendant
*Witnesses
*Attorneys: Prosecution & Defense (or Plaintiff & Defense or Petitioner & Respondent)
*Clerk, Bailiff, Visitors’ Gallery
3.Levels of Courts: Local, State, District (Federal Trial) and Appellate Courts
4.The Supreme Court
*Established by Article III of the Constitution. The Judicial Branch.
*”Equal Justice Under Law”
*Judges are called “Justices.”
*Nine judges appointed for life by President. Congress must approve. (1st Court =
6)
*One Judge = Chief Justice.
*Life long appointments = Justices are independent.
*Decisions are long-reaching. President’s influence is long-reaching.

71. The Supreme Court

72. The United States Supreme Court

73. The Supreme Court

74. The Supreme Court

75. http://www.princetonol.com/groups/iad/links/constitution.jpg

76. The Supreme Court

77. The Supreme Court
• Established by Article III of the Constitution.
• Top of the Judicial Branch in the Federal Government.
• Final decisions in solving problems about the US Constitution.

80. 1.
2.
3.

82. Legislative Branch

83. Executive Branch
Legislative Branch

84. Executive Branch
Legislative Branch
Judicial Branch

85. Executive Branch
Legislative Branch
Judicial Branch

86. 1.
2.
3.

87. 1.
2.
3.
Congress makes laws.

88. 1.
2.
3.
Congress makes laws.
The President controls laws.

89. 1.
2.
3.
Congress makes laws.
The President controls laws.
The Supreme Court …changes laws.

90. 1.
2.
3.
Congress makes laws.
The President controls laws.
The Supreme Court …changes laws.
… checks that laws match the Constitution

91. Topic: Courts and the Judicial Branch
Questions/Main Ideas: Notes:
Summary:
1. The United States Court System
Local Courts: *Criminal Court *Civil Court *Family Court and State Courts
2. In the courtroom
*Judge
*Jurors
*Defendant
*Witnesses
*Attorneys: Prosecution & Defense (or Plaintiff & Defense or Petitioner & Respondent)
*Clerk, Bailiff, Visitors’ Gallery
3.Levels of Courts: Local, State, District (Federal Trial) and Appellate Courts
4.The Supreme Court
*Established by Article III of the Constitution. The Judicial Branch. Highest Court.
*”Equal Justice Under Law”
*Judges are called “Justices.”
*Nine judges appointed for life by President. Congress must approve. (1st
Court = 6)
*One Judge = Chief Justice.
*Life long appointments = Justices are independent.
*Decisions are long-reaching. President’s influence is long-reaching.

92. The Supreme Court
• Established by Article III of the Constitution.
• Top of the Judicial Branch in the Federal Government.
• Final decisions in solving problems about the US Constitution.

93. The United States Court System

94. Topic: Courts and the Judicial Branch
Questions/Main Ideas: Notes:
Summary:
1. The United States Court System
Local Courts: *Criminal Court *Civil Court *Family Court and State Courts
2. In the courtroom
*Judge
*Jurors
*Defendant
*Witnesses
*Attorneys: Prosecution & Defense (or Plaintiff & Defense or Petitioner & Respondent)
*Clerk, Bailiff, Visitors’ Gallery
3.Levels of Courts: Local, State, District (Federal Trial) and Appellate Courts
4.The Supreme Court
*Established by Article III of the Constitution. The Judicial Branch. Highest Court.
*”Equal Justice Under Law”
*Judges are called “Justices.”
*Nine judges appointed for life by President. Congress must approve. (1st
Court = 6)
*One Judge = Chief Justice.
*Life long appointments = Justices are independent.
*Decisions are long-reaching. President’s influence is long-reaching.

95. Topic: Courts and the Judicial Branch
Questions/Main Ideas: Notes:
Summary:
1. The United States Court System
Local Courts: *Criminal Court *Civil Court *Family Court and State Courts
2. In the courtroom
*Judge
*Jurors
*Defendant
*Witnesses
*Attorneys: Prosecution & Defense (or Plaintiff & Defense or Petitioner & Respondent)
*Clerk, Bailiff, Visitors’ Gallery
3.Levels of Courts: Local, State, District (Federal Trial) and Appellate Courts
4.The Supreme Court
*Established by Article III of the Constitution. The Judicial Branch. Highest Court.
*”Equal Justice Under Law”
*Judges are called “Justices.”
*Nine judges appointed for life by President. Congress must approve. (1st
Court = 6)
*One Judge = Chief Justice.
*Life long appointments = Justices are independent.
*Decisions are long-reaching. President’s influence is long-reaching.

96. The Supreme Court

97. The Supreme Court

98. The Supreme Court

99. Topic: Courts and the Judicial Branch
Questions/Main Ideas: Notes:
Summary:
1. The United States Court System
Local Courts: *Criminal Court *Civil Court *Family Court and State Courts
2. In the courtroom
*Judge
*Jurors
*Defendant
*Witnesses
*Attorneys: Prosecution & Defense (or Plaintiff & Defense or Petitioner & Respondent)
*Clerk, Bailiff, Visitors’ Gallery
3.Levels of Courts: Local, State, District (Federal Trial) and Appellate Courts
4.The Supreme Court
*Established by Article III of the Constitution. The Judicial Branch. Highest Court.
*”Equal Justice Under Law”
*Judges are called “Justices.”
*Nine judges appointed for life by President. Congress must approve. (1st
Court = 6)
*One Judge = Chief Justice.
*Life long appointments = Justices are independent.
*Decisions are long-reaching. President’s influence is long-reaching.

100. The Supreme Court

101. The Supreme Court
2013 - 2014

102. The Supreme Court
There Are Nine Supreme Court
Justices
2013 - 2014

103. The Supreme Court
The first meeting in New York of the United States Supreme Court in 1790 and 1791.
From left, William Cushing, Chief Justice John Jay, John Blair, and James Wilson.
The Very First Supreme Court Had Four Justices

104. The Supreme Court
The first meeting in New York of the United States Supreme Court in 1790 and 1791.
From left, William Cushing, Chief Justice John Jay, John Blair, and James Wilson.
John
Rutledge
The Very First Supreme Court Had Four Justices

105. The Supreme Court
The first meeting in New York of the United States Supreme Court in 1790 and 1791.
From left, William Cushing, Chief Justice John Jay, John Blair, and James Wilson.
John
Rutledge
The Very First Supreme Court Had Five Justices

106. The Supreme Court
There Are Nine Supreme Court
Justices

107. The Supreme Court
There Are Nine Supreme Court
Justices

108. Topic: Courts and the Judicial Branch
Questions/Main Ideas: Notes:
Summary:
1. The United States Court System
Local Courts: *Criminal Court *Civil Court *Family Court and State Courts
2. In the courtroom
*Judge
*Jurors
*Defendant
*Witnesses
*Attorneys: Prosecution & Defense (or Plaintiff & Defense or Petitioner & Respondent)
*Clerk, Bailiff, Visitors’ Gallery
3.Levels of Courts: Local, State, District (Federal Trial) and Appellate Courts
4.The Supreme Court
*Established by Article III of the Constitution. The Judicial Branch. Highest Court.
*”Equal Justice Under Law”
*The nine Supreme Court Judges are called “Justices.” (1st
Court = 4)
*Nine judges appointed for life by President. Congress must approve. (1st
Court = 6)
*One Judge = Chief Justice.
*Life long appointments = Justices are independent.
*Decisions are long-reaching. President’s influence is long-reaching.

109. The Supreme Court

110. The Supreme Court

111. The Supreme Court

112. The Supreme Court

113. The Supreme Court

114. The Supreme Court

115. The Supreme Court

116. The Supreme Court

117. The Supreme Court

118. The Supreme Court

119. The Supreme Court
Associate Justice
Sotomayor

120. Topic: Courts and the Judicial Branch
Questions/Main Ideas: Notes:
Summary:
1. The United States Court System
Local Courts: *Criminal Court *Civil Court *Family Court and State Courts
2. In the courtroom
*Judge
*Jurors
*Defendant
*Witnesses
*Attorneys: Prosecution & Defense (or Plaintiff & Defense or Petitioner & Respondent)
*Clerk, Bailiff, Visitors’ Gallery
3.Levels of Courts: Local, State, District (Federal Trial) and Appellate Courts
4.The Supreme Court
*Established by Article III of the Constitution. The Judicial Branch. Highest Court.
*”Equal Justice Under Law”
*The nine Supreme Court Judges are called “Justices.” (1st
Court = 4)
*Nine judges appointed for life by President. Congress must approve.
*One Judge = Chief Justice.
*Life long appointments = Justices are independent.
*Decisions are long-reaching. President’s influence is long-reaching.

121. Topic: Courts and the Judicial Branch
Questions/Main Ideas: Notes:
Summary:
1. The United States Court System
Local Courts: *Criminal Court *Civil Court *Family Court and State Courts
2. In the courtroom
*Judge
*Jurors
*Defendant
*Witnesses
*Attorneys: Prosecution & Defense (or Plaintiff & Defense or Petitioner & Respondent)
*Clerk, Bailiff, Visitors’ Gallery
3.Levels of Courts: Local, State, District (Federal Trial) and Appellate Courts
4.The Supreme Court
*Established by Article III of the Constitution. The Judicial Branch. Highest Court.
*”Equal Justice Under Law”
*The nine Supreme Court Judges are called “Justices.” (1st
Court = 4)
*Nine justices appointed for life by President. Congress must approve.
*One Judge = Chief Justice.
*Life long appointments = Justices are independent.
*Decisions are long-reaching. President’s influence is long-reaching.

122. Topic: Courts and the Judicial Branch
Questions/Main Ideas: Notes:
Summary:
1. The United States Court System
Local Courts: *Criminal Court *Civil Court *Family Court and State Courts
2. In the courtroom
*Judge
*Jurors
*Defendant
*Witnesses
*Attorneys: Prosecution & Defense (or Plaintiff & Defense or Petitioner & Respondent)
*Clerk, Bailiff, Visitors’ Gallery
3.Levels of Courts: Local, State, District (Federal Trial) and Appellate Courts
4.The Supreme Court
*Established by Article III of the Constitution. The Judicial Branch. Highest Court.
*”Equal Justice Under Law”
*The nine Supreme Court Judges are called “Justices.” (1st
Court = 4)
*Nine justices appointed for life by President. Congress must approve.
*Life long appointments = Justices are independent.
*One Judge = Chief Justice.
*Life long appointments = Justices are independent.
*Decisions are long-reaching. President’s influence is long-reaching.

123. The Supreme Court

124. The Supreme Court
Chief
Justice John
Roberts
Chief
Justice John
Roberts

125. Topic: Courts and the Judicial Branch
Questions/Main Ideas: Notes:
Summary:
1. The United States Court System
Local Courts: *Criminal Court *Civil Court *Family Court and State Courts
2. In the courtroom
*Judge
*Jurors
*Defendant
*Witnesses
*Attorneys: Prosecution & Defense (or Plaintiff & Defense or Petitioner & Respondent)
*Clerk, Bailiff, Visitors’ Gallery
3.Levels of Courts: Local, State, District (Federal Trial) and Appellate Courts
4.The Supreme Court
*Established by Article III of the Constitution. The Judicial Branch. Highest Court.
*”Equal Justice Under Law”
*The nine Supreme Court Judges are called “Justices.” (1st
Court = 4)
*Nine justices appointed for life by President. Congress must approve.
*Life long appointments = Justices are independent.
*One Judge = Chief Justice. Chief Justice John Roberts
*Life long appointments = Justices are independent.
*Decisions are long-reaching. President’s influence is long-reaching.

126. The Supreme Court
Chief
Justice John
Roberts
Chief
Justice John
Roberts

127. The Supreme Court
Chief
Justice John
Roberts
Chief
Justice John
Roberts
Associate
Justice
Thomas
Associate
Justice
Thomas

128. The Supreme Court
Chief
Justice John
Roberts
Chief
Justice John
Roberts
Associate
Justice
Thomas
Associate
Justice
Thomas
AssociateJustice
Kagan
AssociateJustice
Kagan

129. Topic: Courts and the Judicial Branch
Questions/Main Ideas: Notes:
Summary:
1. The United States Court System
Local Courts: *Criminal Court *Civil Court *Family Court and State Courts
2. In the courtroom
*Judge
*Jurors
*Defendant
*Witnesses
*Attorneys: Prosecution & Defense (or Plaintiff & Defense or Petitioner & Respondent)
*Clerk, Bailiff, Visitors’ Gallery
3.Levels of Courts: Local, State, District (Federal Trial) and Appellate Courts
4.The Supreme Court
*Established by Article III of the Constitution. The Judicial Branch. Highest Court.
*”Equal Justice Under Law”
*The nine Supreme Court Judges are called “Justices.” (1st
Court = 4)
*Nine judges appointed for life by President. Congress must approve.
*Life long appointments = Justices are independent.
*One Judge = Chief Justice. Chief Justice John Roberts + Associate Justices.
*Life long appointments = Justices are independent.
*Decisions are long-reaching. President’s influence is long-reaching.

130. Topic: Courts and the Judicial Branch
Questions/Main Ideas: Notes:
Summary:
1. The United States Court System
Local Courts: *Criminal Court *Civil Court *Family Court and State Courts
2. In the courtroom
*Judge
*Jurors
*Defendant
*Witnesses
*Attorneys: Prosecution & Defense (or Plaintiff & Defense or Petitioner & Respondent)
*Clerk, Bailiff, Visitors’ Gallery
3.Levels of Courts: Local, State, District (Federal Trial) and Appellate Courts
4.The Supreme Court
*Established by Article III of the Constitution. The Judicial Branch. Highest Court.
*”Equal Justice Under Law”
*The nine Supreme Court Judges are called “Justices.” (1st
Court = 4)
*Nine judges appointed for life by President. Congress must approve.
*Life long appointments = Justices are independent.
*One Judge = Chief Justice. Chief Justice John Roberts + Associate Justices.
*Decisions are long-reaching. President’s influence is long-reaching.

131. The Supreme Court

133. Clerk
Attorneys
Marshall

134. Clerk
Attorneys
Marshall

135. Clerk
Attorneys
Marshall

136. Clerk
Attorneys
Marshall

137. Clerk
Attorneys
Marshall

138. Clerk
Attorneys
Marshall
How is the Supreme Court different from lower level courts?

139. Clerk
Attorneys
Marshall
How is the Supreme Court different from lower level courts?

140. Clerk
Attorneys
Marshall
How is the Supreme Court different from lower level courts?

141. Clerk
Attorneys
Marshall
How is the Supreme Court different from lower level courts?

142. Clerk
Attorneys
Marshall
How is the Supreme Court different from lower level courts?

143. Antonin Scalia
• Associate Justice
• Appointed by Ronald Reagan
in 1986.
• Graduate of Harvard Law
School.
• Born 1936.
• RIGHT leaning….

144. Anthony Kennedy
• Associate Justice
• Appointed by Ronald
Reagan in 1988.
• Graduated from Harvard
Law School.
• Born in 1936.
• Moderate….

145. Clarence Thomas
• Associate Justice
• Appointed by George H. W.
Bush in 1991.
• Graduate of Yale Law
School
• Born in 1948.
• RIGHT leaning….

146. Ruth Bader Ginsburg
• Associate Justice
• Appointed by William
Clinton in 1993.
• Graduate of Columbia
University Law School.
• Born in 1933.
• LEFT leaning….

147. Stephen Breyer
• Associate Justice.
• Appointed by William
Clinton in 1994.
• Graduate of Harvard Law
School.
• Born in 1938.
• LEFT leaning….

148. John Roberts
• Chief Justice
• Appointed by George W.
Bush in 2005.
• Graduate of Harvard Law
School.
• Born in 1955.
• Right leaning….

149. Samuel Alito
• Associate Justice.
• Appointed By George W.
Bush in 2006.
• Graduate of Yale Law
School.
• Born in 1950.
• Right leaning….

150. Sonia Sotomayor
• Associate Justice.
• Appointed by Barack
Obama in 2009.
• Graduate of Yale Law
School.
• Born in 1954.
• Left leaning….

151. Elena Kagan
• Associate Justice.
• Appointed by Barack
Obama in 2010.
• Graduate of Harvard Law
School.
• Born in 1960
• Left leaning….

152. John Paul Stevens
• Retired Justice.
• Appointed by Gerald
Ford in 1975.
• Graduate of
Northwestern
University Law School.
• Born in 1920.

153. David Souter
• Retired Justice
• Appointed by George
H.W. Bush in 1990.
• Graduate of Harvard and
Harvard Law
• Born in 1939.

154. Sandra Day O’Conner
• Retired Justice
• Appointed by Ronald
Reagan in 1979
• Graduate of Stanford
University Law School.
• Born in 1930.

155. The First Women
Supreme Court Justices

156. 1.
2.
3.

157. 1.
2.
3.
Congress makes laws.

158. 1.
2.
3.
Congress makes laws.
The President controls laws.

159. 1.
2.
3.
Congress makes laws.
The President controls laws.
The Supreme Court …changes laws.

160. 1.
2.
3.
Congress makes laws.
The President controls laws.
The Supreme Court …changes laws.
… checks that laws match the Constitution

161. The Supreme Court
• Established by Article III of the Constitution.
• Top of the Judicial Branch in the Federal Government.
• Final decisions in solving problems about the US Constitution.

162. Important Powers of the Supreme Court

163. Important Powers of the Supreme Court
• Precedent: Supreme Court Justices vote on problems. The
majority vote = the final decision. That decision becomes a
precedent. Precedents guide future court decisions.
• Judicial Review: Supreme Court Justices have power to study
laws and other court decisions and say they are ‘unconstitutional.’
The Court has power to cancel laws and decisions that do not
match the Constitution.

164. Important Powers of the Supreme Court
• Precedent: Supreme Court Justices vote on problems. The
majority vote = the final decision. That decision becomes a
precedent. Precedents guide future court decisions.
• Judicial Review: Supreme Court Justices have power to study
laws and other court decisions and say they are ‘unconstitutional.’
The Court has power to cancel laws and decisions that do not
match the Constitution.

165. Topic: Courts and the Judicial Branch
Questions/Main Ideas: Notes:
Summary:
1. The United States Court System
Local Courts: *Criminal Court *Civil Court *Family Court and State Courts
2. In the courtroom
*Judge
*Jurors
*Defendant
*Witnesses
*Attorneys: Prosecution & Defense (or Plaintiff & Defense or Petitioner & Respondent)
*Clerk, Bailiff, Visitors’ Gallery
3.Levels of Courts: Local, State, District (Federal Trial) and Appellate Courts
4.The Supreme Court
*Established by Article III of the Constitution. The Judicial Branch. Highest Court.
*”Equal Justice Under Law”
*The nine Supreme Court Judges are called “Justices.” (1st
Court = 4)
*Nine judges appointed for life by President. Congress must approve.
*Life long appointments = Justices are independent.
*One Judge = Chief Justice. Chief Justice John Roberts
*Decisions are long-reaching. President’s influence is long-reaching.
5. What does the Supreme Court do?
*Our Gov’t: (1)Legislative Branch makes laws & (2)Executive Branch controls laws.
*(3)Judicial Branch: Changes bad laws; ensures laws match the Constitution.
*Judicial Review: Using the Constitution to support laws; ”interpreting’ the Const.
*Precedent: Majority of court votes on final decision. Used for future problems.
6. Examples of Precedent and Judicial Review:
*Plessy v. Ferguson
*Brown v. Board of Education

166. Thurgood Marshall
• First African American Justice
• Appointed by Lyndon Johnson
in 1967.
• Graduate of Howard University
Law School.
• 1908 - 1993

167. Plessy v. Ferguson

168. Plessy v. Ferguson
Homer Plessy

169. Plessy v. Ferguson

170. Plessy v. Ferguson

171. Plessy v. Ferguson

172. Plessy v. Ferguson
1896

173. Plessy v. Ferguson
Our Constitution is color-blind, and
neither knows nor tolerates classes
among citizens.”
Our Constitution is color-blind, and
neither knows nor tolerates classes
among citizens.”
Justice John Marshall Harlan
1896

174. 1896

175. 1954

176. Thurgood Marshall
• First African American Justice
• Appointed by Lyndon Johnson
in 1967.
• Graduate of Howard University
Law School.
• 1908 - 1993

177. Brown v. Board of Education
1954

178. Brown v. Board of Education

179. Brown v. Board of Education

180. Brown v. Board of Education

181. Brown v. Board of Education

182. Brown v. Board of Education

183. Brown v. Board of Education

184. Brown v. Board of Education

186. Topic: Courts and the Judicial Branch
Questions/Main Ideas: Notes:
Summary:
1. The United States Court System
Local Courts: *Criminal Court *Civil Court *Family Court and State Courts
2. In the courtroom
*Judge
*Jurors
*Defendant
*Witnesses
*Attorneys: Prosecution & Defense (or Plaintiff & Defense or Petitioner & Respondent)
*Clerk, Bailiff, Visitors’ Gallery
3.Levels of Courts: Local, State, District (Federal Trial) and Appellate Courts
4.The Supreme Court
*Established by Article III of the Constitution. The Judicial Branch. Highest Court.
*”Equal Justice Under Law”
*The nine Supreme Court Judges are called “Justices.” (1st
Court = 4)
*Nine judges appointed for life by President. Congress must approve.
*Life long appointments = Justices are independent.
*One Judge = Chief Justice. Chief Justice John Roberts
*Decisions are long-reaching. President’s influence is long-reaching.
5. What does the Supreme Court do?
*Our Gov’t: (1)Legislative Branch makes laws & (2)Executive Branch controls laws.
*(3)Judicial Branch: Changes bad laws; ensures laws match the Constitution.
*Judicial Review: Using the Constitution to support laws; ”interpreting’ the Const.
*Precedent: Majority of court votes on final decision. Used for future problems.
6. Examples of Precedent and Judicial Review:
*Plessy v. Ferguson
*Brown v. Board of Education
*Justice Thurgood Marshall: became 1st
Af Am Supreme Court Justice

187. Topic: Courts and the Judicial Branch
Questions/Main Ideas: Notes:
Summary: The Constitution set up the Federal Court system. 9 Supreme Court Justices change bad laws.
1. The United States Court System
Local Courts: *Criminal Court *Civil Court *Family Court and State Courts
2. In the courtroom
*Judge
*Jurors
*Defendant
*Witnesses
*Attorneys: Prosecution & Defense (or Plaintiff & Defense or Petitioner & Respondent)
*Clerk, Bailiff, Visitors’ Gallery
3.Levels of Courts: Local, State, District (Federal Trial) and Appellate Courts
4.The Supreme Court
*Established by Article III of the Constitution. The Judicial Branch. Highest Court.
*”Equal Justice Under Law”
*The nine Supreme Court Judges are called “Justices.” (1st
Court = 4)
*Nine judges appointed for life by President. Congress must approve.
*Life long appointments = Justices are independent.
*One Judge = Chief Justice. Chief Justice John Roberts
*Decisions are long-reaching. President’s influence is long-reaching.
5. What does the Supreme Court do?
*Our Gov’t: (1)Legislative Branch makes laws & (2)Executive Branch controls laws.
*(3)Judicial Branch: Changes bad laws; ensures laws match the Constitution.
*Judicial Review: Using the Constitution to support laws; ”interpreting’ the Const.
*Precedent: Majority of court votes on final decision. Used for future problems.
6. Examples of Precedent and Judicial Review:
*Plessy v. Ferguson
*Brown v. Board of Education
*Justice Thurgood Marshall: became 1st
Af Am Supreme Court Justice
*Who was the first African
American Supreme Court
Justice?
*Who has roles in the
courtroom?
*What are three levels of the
court system?
*What does it say on the
Supreme Court building?
*What does the Supreme
Court do?
*What established the
Supreme Court?
*Where did Homer Plessy
live?
*When do Justices stop
working for the court?
*How does the Supreme
Court work?
*How many judges are
appointed to the Supreme
Court?
*How did lawyers stop legal
segregation?

188. Inside a Courtroom