102 Evolution of computers
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A well- illustrated presentation on the Evolution of computers based on the U.C.E Computer Studies Syllabus.
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102 Evolution of computers
- 1. INTRODUCTION TO COMPUTER STUDIES Unit Two: Evolution Of Computers Mukalele Rogers & Baliruno Fred COMPUTER STUDIES DEPARTMENT JINJA COLLEGE 11/04/11
- 42. 24-Feb-11
- 50. 24-Feb-11
- 67. Comparison and summary of the different developments in the evolution of computers 24-Feb-11 COMPUTER (YEAR) INVENTOR CHARACTERISTICS AND COMMENTS Slide rule ( 1622) William Oughtred The slide rule, an analog device based on logarithms, provided sufficient precision With a common accuracy of only three digits. Pascal's Calculator ( Pascaline ) (1642) Blaise Pascal Hoping to help his tax-commissioner father, young Pascal developed this little device that could add reliably. It had rotating dials
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- Ada Byron Lovelace (1815-1852) was the world's first computer programmer. She was fascinated with numbers and mathematical patterns and sequences. She took careful time to study all of the parts of Charles Babbage’s Analytical Engine and connections until she understood their various purposes. In 1842, Ada was asked to write a scientific interpretation of the Analytical Engine and its operations. In these writings about the Engine, Ada often added her own notes, with Babbage's permission. These notes where of concepts she envisioned for future programmable components that someday might happen with the advancement of the Analytical Engine. These extensive writings on the Analytical Engine later became known as the first explanation of computer programming. In 1964 a computer language was named after her, Ada , supported by the Ada Joint Program Office.
- Examples of first generation computers : 1. ENIAC - Electronic Numerical Integrator and Computer (1946) was the first electronic digital computer . It had over 18,000 vacuum tubes. Built at the University of Pennsylvania's Moore School of Electrical Engineering, the ENIAC demonstrated that high-speed digital computing was possible using the then-available vacuum tube technology. 2. EDVAC - Electronic Discrete Variable Automatic computer (1947) was built for the U.S. Army's Ballistics Research Laboratory at the Aberdeen Proving Ground by the University of Pennsylvania's Moore School of Electrical Engineering. John Von Neumann played its main consulting role, summarized and elaborated upon the logical design developments. Unlike its predecessor the ENIAC, it was binary rather than decimal, and was a stored program machine. EDVAC's addition time was 864 microseconds and its multiplication time was 2900 microseconds (2.9 milliseconds).The computer had almost 6,000 vacuum tubes and 12,000 diodes, and consumed 56 kW of power. It covered 490 ft² (45.5 m²) of floor space and weighed 7,850 kg. The full complement of operating personnel was thirty people for each eight-hour shift. 3. The UNIVAC (UNIVersal Automatic Computer) was the first general-purpose electronic digital computer designed for commercial use. The UNIVAC was completed in 1951. It used Decimal (Base 10) number system. The UNIVAC had an add time of 120 microseconds, multiply time of 1,800 microseconds, and divide time of 3,600 microseconds. Used to predict results of the 1952 US Presidential Election. Other examples of first generation computers include IBM 701 (1953), IBM's first business computer and IBM 704 (1955) the first commercial machine with floating-point hardware, that was capable of operating at approximately 5 kFLOPS . The First popular computer language FORTRAN (1957) was also developed in the first generation.