RFID is a technology that uses radio waves to transfer data between a reader and RFID tags attached to objects to identify them. RFID tags come in three types - active, passive, and semi-passive - depending on their power source. A basic RFID system consists of RFID tags, antennas, interrogators/readers, and host computers. RFID provides benefits over barcodes like non-line-of-sight identification and ability to track moving items, but also has limitations like higher costs and potential for signal interference from liquids and metals.

1. PRESENTED BY :
MUKESH KUMAR
M.TECH(2010ECB1026)

2.  RFID is an technology that uses radio-frequency
waves to transfer data between a reader and a
movable item to identify.
 RFID is fast, reliable, and does not require physical
sight or contact between reader/scanner and the
tagged item
 Types
 Fixed RFID
 Mobile RFID

3.  RF tags
 Antennas
 Interrogators or reader
 Host computers
 Appropriate software

4.  RFID tags are the heart of the RFID system because
they store the information that describes the object
being tracked.
 Integrated circuit, Data is stored in ic and transmitted
to the reader
 Tags are classified
1. Active
2. Passive
3. Semi passive

5. Contain a battery that runs the microchip’s
circuitry.
Tag is able to send a stronger signal to the
reader due to battery.
Allows a read range of about one hundred feet.
complex

6. Passive tags contain no batteries.
 Passive tags get power from a reader.
 Readers send electromagnetic waves that
produce a current in the tag’s antenna which
then powers the microchip’s circuits.
A passive tags read range is approximately
thirty feet.

7. Containing characteristics of both active &
passive tag.
As far as their writing capability is
concerned, tags can be divided as follows :
Read only tag
Write once read many tag
Read & write tag

8. Read-only contain data such as tracking
numbers.
These tracking numbers are usually serialized
and pre-written onto them by the tag
manufacturer.
Read-only tags are usually the least expensive
because information can not be added onto
them as they move through the supply chain.

9. Write-once tags allow a user to write
information into the tag one time during the
production. The information can be something
like a batch or serial number.
Full read-write tags allow for new data to be
written to the tag as it is needed. These tags
also allow for original data to be written over.

10. allow a user to write information into the tag
many time during the production.

12. The antenna emits radio signals to activate the
tag and to read and write data into the tag.
The antenna is the channel between the tag and
the transceiver, thus it controls the data
attainment and communication.
The antennas are available in many different
shapes and sizes. For example an antenna can
be built into a doorframe in order to collect
data from people walking through the door.

14.  The reader releases radio waves in ranges from
one inch to 100 feet or more. The range depends
on its output power and the radio frequency used.
 When the RFID tag passes through the
electromagnetic field it will then detect the
reader’s activation signal.
 At this point the reader will decode the data
programmed in the tag’s circuit.
 Finally, the data is passed to the host computer to
be processed.

18. Retail Supply chain process
Supplier Manufacturing Retailer/
Distributor/
Distribution
Retailer store
Consumer

19. Automate the Supply chain process
RFID TAG
Reader

20.  Non-line of sight identification of tags
 Unattended operations are possible, minimizing
human errors and high cost.
 RFID technology is better than bar codes as it cannot
be easily replicated and therefore, it increases the
security of the product.
 Ability to identify moving elements that have tags
embedded.
 Larger area of coverage, up to several feet.

21.  Expensive compared with Bar code
 Bulkier, due to embedding of electronic
components in the tag. However, with advanced
techniques, it is possible to reduce the size, and
weight of the tags to a large extent.
 It is difficult for an RFID reader to read the
information in case of RFID tags installed in
liquids and metal products. The problem is that
the liquid and metal surfaces tend to reflect the
radio waves, which makes the tags unreadable
 To physical/electrical damage due to

22. RFID Chain management is an emerging
technology
Efficient method
If efficiently implemented, RFID has the
power to make computing an unobtrusive,
intuitive part of everyday life.