SlideShare una empresa de Scribd logo
1 de 23
Ìýäýýëëèéí ñèñòåì, àëãîðèòìèéí ¿íäýñ   Ëåêö ¹04
Àãóóëãà ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Îðøèë ,[object Object],[object Object]
Àëãîðèòìûí òóõàé îéëãîëò   ,[object Object],[object Object]
Àëãîðèòìûí øèíæ ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Æèøýý: ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
[object Object]
[object Object]
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Àëãîðèòìä õýìæèãäýõ¿¿íèéã òýìäýãëýõ ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Àëãîðèòìûí ¿íäñýí ¿éëäë¿¿ä Àëãîðèòìààð ã¿éöýòãýãäýæ áàéãàà ïðîöåññ êîìïüþòåðèéí áèåë¿¿ëæ ÷àäàõ ¿éëäë¿¿äýä õóâààãäñàí áàéõ ¸ñòîé.  Êîìïüþòåð   -   ìýäýýëýë îðóóëàõ   -   àðèôìåòèê,   ëîãèê ¿éëäýë õèéõ   - òîäîðõîé íºõöºë øàëãàæ  -   ¿ð ä¿íãýýñ õàìààðàí áîäîëòûã  ÿëãààòàé çàìààð ¿ðãýëæë¿¿ëýõ  -   á¿ëýã ¿éëäëèéã äàâòàí áèåë¿¿ëýõ -   ïðîãðàìûí ¿ð ä¿íã ãàðãàõ   ãýñýí öººí òîîíû ýíãèéí ¿éëäëèéã áèåë¿¿ëíý.
Ìýäýýëýë îðóóëàõ ¿éëäýë Ìýäýýëëèéã êîìïüþòåðýýð áîëîâñðóó-ëàõûí òóëä  ñàíàõ îéä áè÷ñýí áàéõ øààðäëàãàòàé. Èéì ó÷ðààñ õýìæèã-äýõ¿¿íèé àíõíû óòãà-ºãºãäëèéã êîìïüþòåðò îðóóëàõ ¿éëäýë õýðýãòýé. Æèøýý:  ax 2 +bx+c=0 òýãøèò-ãýëèéã áîäîõûí òóëä a, b, c  òîîíóóäûí ñàíàõ îéä îðóóëñàí áàéõ øààðäàëàãàòàé. Ïðîãðàì÷-ëàëûí õýëýíä îðóóëàõ ¿éëäëèéã  ïàðàëëåëîãðàìààð  ä¿ðñýëíý. a, b,c,x1
Áîäîëò áà óòãà îëãîõ ¿éëäýë Ìàòåìàòèêèéí èëýðõèéëëèéí óòãûã áîäîæ, ¿ð ä¿í ãàðãàí ò¿¿íèéãýý ÿìàð íýã õóâüñàã÷èéí óòãà áîëãîí ñàíàõ îéä õàäãàëàõ ¿éëäýë øààðäëàãàòàé áºãººä òýðõ¿¿ ¿éëäëèéã óòãà îëãîõ ¿éëäýë ãýýä  òýãø ºíöºãò  ä¿ðñèéã àøèãëàíà. Ýíä  “:=”  òýìäãèéã  óòãà îëãîõ ãýíý. Óòãà îëãîõ ¿éëäëèéã õèéõäýý ýõëýýä èëýðõèéëëèéã áîäíî. Óòãà îëãîõ ¿éëäëèéã áèåë¿¿ëýõäýý ýõëýýä èëýðõèéëëèéí óòãûã áîäíî. Èéì ó÷ðààñ ò¿¿íä îðñîí á¿õ õýìæèãäýõ¿¿í ºìíº íü òîäîðõîé óòãàòàé áîëñîí áàéõ ¸ñòîé. Õóâüñàã÷:=èëýðõèéëýë
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 not y x xor y x and y x or y y x
[object Object],[object Object]
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Ãàðãàõ ¿éëäýë Òîîí áîëîí ¿ñãýí ìýäýýëëèéã äýëãýö äýýð òåêñò õýëáýðòýé ãàðãàõ ¿éëäýë èë¿¿ ò¿ãýýìýë øààðäàãäàíà. Èéì ¿éëäëèéã äàðààõ áàéäëààð ä¿ðñýëíý. Òîãòìîë áè÷âýðèéã ‘ òàéëáàð’ , ‘¿ð ä¿í’, ‘ n= ’ ãýæ áè÷íý. Àëãîðèòìèéã ä¿ðñ õýëáýðýýð áè÷èõèéã  áëîê-ñõåìýýð ä¿ðñëýõ  ãýíý. a,b,c ‘  òàéëáàð ’
¯éëäë¿¿äèéí áèåëýõ äàðààëëûã òýìäýãëýõèéí òóëä ñóìòàé áà ñóìã¿é õýð÷ìèéã õýðýãëýíý.  Ãîë òºëºâ àëãîðèòìûã äýýðýýñ íü äîîø, ýõëýëýýñ íü òºãñãºë ð¿¿ íü çîõèîæ ä¿ðñëýäýã. Èéìýýñ äýýðýýñ  äîîøîî øèæñýí øèëæèëòèéã  ¿íäñýí ÷èãëýë ãýæ íýðëýýä  ñóìã¿é õýð÷ìýýð ä¿ðñýëíý. Äîîðîîñ äýýø øèëæñýí øèëæèëòèéã ñóìòàé õýð÷ìýýð  òýìäýãëýíý. ýõëýë òºãñ
Îëîí ¿éëäýëòýé òîì àëãîðèòì çîõèîæ ä¿ðñëýõýä àëãîðèòìûã íýã õóóäàñíààñ ººð õóóäñàíä äàìæóóëæ áè÷èõ ýñâýë íýã õóóäàñíààñ íºãºº õóóäàñ ðóó øèëæñýí øèëæèëòûã äàðààõ áàéäëààð òýìäýãëýíý. Æèøýý 1:  r>0 áîäèò òîî ºãºãäñºí áîë r ðàäèóñòàé òîéðãèéí óðò, r ðàäèóñòàé äóãóé òàëáàé áîëîí r ðàäèóñòàé áºìáºðöºãèéí ýçýëõ¿¿íèéã îëæ áè÷èõ àëãîðèòì çîõèî. Àëèâàà àëãîðèòìä óòãà íü ºãºãäºõ ¸ñòîé õýìæèãäýõ¿¿íèéã àëãîðèòìûí  àðãóìåíò  ãýæ íýðëýýä  àðã   ãýæ òýìäýãëýíý. 1 1
àðã   r, ¿ð ä¿í   L, S, V ÝÕËÝË r Pi:=3.141592 L:=pi*r S:=L*r V:=4/3*S*r L:=2*L L, S, V Òºãñ
Ä¿ãíýëò Òºãñãºë Ýõëýë Ìýäýýëýë îðóóëàõ  ¿éëäýë Áîäîëò áà óòãà îëãîõ ¿éëäýë  Íºõöºë øàëãàõ ¿ð ä¿íã ãàðãàõ ¿íýí õóäàë

Más contenido relacionado

La actualidad más candente

La actualidad más candente (17)

Lecture 2
Lecture 2Lecture 2
Lecture 2
 
Evleruuleh.pdf 1
Evleruuleh.pdf 1Evleruuleh.pdf 1
Evleruuleh.pdf 1
 
Yaruusetgegch3
Yaruusetgegch3Yaruusetgegch3
Yaruusetgegch3
 
Òðàíñôîðìàòîðûí îðóóëãûí á¿ä¿¿â÷
Òðàíñôîðìàòîðûí îðóóëãûí á¿ä¿¿â÷Òðàíñôîðìàòîðûí îðóóëãûí á¿ä¿¿â÷
Òðàíñôîðìàòîðûí îðóóëãûí á¿ä¿¿â÷
 
International Trade 5
International Trade 5International Trade 5
International Trade 5
 
Bank lekts №11,12,
Bank lekts №11,12,Bank lekts №11,12,
Bank lekts №11,12,
 
Мөнгө бол цаас биш
Мөнгө бол цаас бишМөнгө бол цаас биш
Мөнгө бол цаас биш
 
Bank lekts №16
Bank lekts №16Bank lekts №16
Bank lekts №16
 
Bank lekts №13, 14, 15
Bank lekts №13, 14, 15Bank lekts №13, 14, 15
Bank lekts №13, 14, 15
 
цагаан хоол
цагаан хоолцагаан хоол
цагаан хоол
 
êàòîëîã
êàòîëîãêàòîëîã
êàòîëîã
 
1
11
1
 
Lecture 15
Lecture 15Lecture 15
Lecture 15
 
1 р удиртгал бүлэг
1 р удиртгал бүлэг1 р удиртгал бүлэг
1 р удиртгал бүлэг
 
48dugaar
48dugaar48dugaar
48dugaar
 
Bagiin menegment
Bagiin menegmentBagiin menegment
Bagiin menegment
 
Endemik
EndemikEndemik
Endemik
 

Destacado

Tavve Zone Ranger
Tavve   Zone RangerTavve   Zone Ranger
Tavve Zone RangerJeff Olson
 
Hybrid worlds fungi updated - crews
Hybrid worlds   fungi updated - crewsHybrid worlds   fungi updated - crews
Hybrid worlds fungi updated - crewsrv media
 
Pirates v. Mercenaries: Purely Private Transnational Violence at the Margins ...
Pirates v. Mercenaries: Purely Private Transnational Violence at the Margins ...Pirates v. Mercenaries: Purely Private Transnational Violence at the Margins ...
Pirates v. Mercenaries: Purely Private Transnational Violence at the Margins ...Ansel Halliburton
 
EXAMPLE UNIT 1
EXAMPLE UNIT 1EXAMPLE UNIT 1
EXAMPLE UNIT 1marina1982
 
Disco Dirt Evaluation
Disco Dirt EvaluationDisco Dirt Evaluation
Disco Dirt Evaluationhanmat
 
Timebanking, ICT, employment and employability in a European context
Timebanking, ICT, employment and employability in a European contextTimebanking, ICT, employment and employability in a European context
Timebanking, ICT, employment and employability in a European contextTaraceas S. Coop. And.
 
Gagasan perda perlindungan anak kota bandung, juli 2011
Gagasan perda perlindungan anak kota bandung, juli 2011Gagasan perda perlindungan anak kota bandung, juli 2011
Gagasan perda perlindungan anak kota bandung, juli 2011Zamzam Muzaki Sm
 
GTS Website
GTS WebsiteGTS Website
GTS WebsiteChuckcoe
 
Texas Leadership Forum Ppt 2008
Texas Leadership Forum Ppt 2008Texas Leadership Forum Ppt 2008
Texas Leadership Forum Ppt 2008Debbie Horres
 
データ集 トマ・ピケティ『21 世紀の資本』
データ集 トマ・ピケティ『21 世紀の資本』データ集 トマ・ピケティ『21 世紀の資本』
データ集 トマ・ピケティ『21 世紀の資本』shinya Jingushi
 
GTS Website
GTS WebsiteGTS Website
GTS WebsiteChuckcoe
 
電子書籍と図書館 120619Ver.3
電子書籍と図書館 120619Ver.3電子書籍と図書館 120619Ver.3
電子書籍と図書館 120619Ver.3shinya Jingushi
 

Destacado (20)

Tavve Zone Ranger
Tavve   Zone RangerTavve   Zone Ranger
Tavve Zone Ranger
 
IP Basics
IP BasicsIP Basics
IP Basics
 
Hybrid worlds fungi updated - crews
Hybrid worlds   fungi updated - crewsHybrid worlds   fungi updated - crews
Hybrid worlds fungi updated - crews
 
Lecture5
Lecture5Lecture5
Lecture5
 
Chap08alg
Chap08algChap08alg
Chap08alg
 
Lecture911
Lecture911Lecture911
Lecture911
 
Lecture5
Lecture5Lecture5
Lecture5
 
Pirates v. Mercenaries: Purely Private Transnational Violence at the Margins ...
Pirates v. Mercenaries: Purely Private Transnational Violence at the Margins ...Pirates v. Mercenaries: Purely Private Transnational Violence at the Margins ...
Pirates v. Mercenaries: Purely Private Transnational Violence at the Margins ...
 
EXAMPLE UNIT 1
EXAMPLE UNIT 1EXAMPLE UNIT 1
EXAMPLE UNIT 1
 
Disco Dirt Evaluation
Disco Dirt EvaluationDisco Dirt Evaluation
Disco Dirt Evaluation
 
Timebanking, ICT, employment and employability in a European context
Timebanking, ICT, employment and employability in a European contextTimebanking, ICT, employment and employability in a European context
Timebanking, ICT, employment and employability in a European context
 
Gagasan perda perlindungan anak kota bandung, juli 2011
Gagasan perda perlindungan anak kota bandung, juli 2011Gagasan perda perlindungan anak kota bandung, juli 2011
Gagasan perda perlindungan anak kota bandung, juli 2011
 
GTS Website
GTS WebsiteGTS Website
GTS Website
 
Texas Leadership Forum Ppt 2008
Texas Leadership Forum Ppt 2008Texas Leadership Forum Ppt 2008
Texas Leadership Forum Ppt 2008
 
データ集 トマ・ピケティ『21 世紀の資本』
データ集 トマ・ピケティ『21 世紀の資本』データ集 トマ・ピケティ『21 世紀の資本』
データ集 トマ・ピケティ『21 世紀の資本』
 
Lecture912
Lecture912Lecture912
Lecture912
 
Lecture914
Lecture914Lecture914
Lecture914
 
Chap09alg
Chap09algChap09alg
Chap09alg
 
GTS Website
GTS WebsiteGTS Website
GTS Website
 
電子書籍と図書館 120619Ver.3
電子書籍と図書館 120619Ver.3電子書籍と図書館 120619Ver.3
電子書籍と図書館 120619Ver.3
 

Más de Munhchimeg (20)

Ded algorithm1
Ded algorithm1Ded algorithm1
Ded algorithm1
 
Ded algorithm
Ded algorithmDed algorithm
Ded algorithm
 
Tobch lecture1
Tobch lecture1Tobch lecture1
Tobch lecture1
 
Tobch lecture
Tobch lectureTobch lecture
Tobch lecture
 
Recursive
RecursiveRecursive
Recursive
 
Protsesor
ProtsesorProtsesor
Protsesor
 
Lecture916
Lecture916Lecture916
Lecture916
 
Lecture915
Lecture915Lecture915
Lecture915
 
Lecture913
Lecture913Lecture913
Lecture913
 
Lecture912
Lecture912Lecture912
Lecture912
 
Lecture911
Lecture911Lecture911
Lecture911
 
Lecture910
Lecture910Lecture910
Lecture910
 
Lecture9
Lecture9Lecture9
Lecture9
 
Lecture8
Lecture8Lecture8
Lecture8
 
Lecture7
Lecture7Lecture7
Lecture7
 
Lecture6
Lecture6Lecture6
Lecture6
 
Lecture3
Lecture3Lecture3
Lecture3
 
Protsesor
ProtsesorProtsesor
Protsesor
 
Pm104 standard
Pm104 standardPm104 standard
Pm104 standard
 
Pm104 2004 2005
Pm104 2004 2005Pm104 2004 2005
Pm104 2004 2005
 

Lecture4

  • 2.
  • 3.
  • 4.
  • 5.
  • 6.
  • 7.
  • 8.
  • 9.
  • 10.
  • 11.
  • 12. Àëãîðèòìûí ¿íäñýí ¿éëäë¿¿ä Àëãîðèòìààð ã¿éöýòãýãäýæ áàéãàà ïðîöåññ êîìïüþòåðèéí áèåë¿¿ëæ ÷àäàõ ¿éëäë¿¿äýä õóâààãäñàí áàéõ ¸ñòîé. Êîìïüþòåð - ìýäýýëýë îðóóëàõ - àðèôìåòèê, ëîãèê ¿éëäýë õèéõ - òîäîðõîé íºõöºë øàëãàæ - ¿ð ä¿íãýýñ õàìààðàí áîäîëòûã ÿëãààòàé çàìààð ¿ðãýëæë¿¿ëýõ - á¿ëýã ¿éëäëèéã äàâòàí áèåë¿¿ëýõ - ïðîãðàìûí ¿ð ä¿íã ãàðãàõ ãýñýí öººí òîîíû ýíãèéí ¿éëäëèéã áèåë¿¿ëíý.
  • 13. Ìýäýýëýë îðóóëàõ ¿éëäýë Ìýäýýëëèéã êîìïüþòåðýýð áîëîâñðóó-ëàõûí òóëä ñàíàõ îéä áè÷ñýí áàéõ øààðäëàãàòàé. Èéì ó÷ðààñ õýìæèã-äýõ¿¿íèé àíõíû óòãà-ºãºãäëèéã êîìïüþòåðò îðóóëàõ ¿éëäýë õýðýãòýé. Æèøýý: ax 2 +bx+c=0 òýãøèò-ãýëèéã áîäîõûí òóëä a, b, c òîîíóóäûí ñàíàõ îéä îðóóëñàí áàéõ øààðäàëàãàòàé. Ïðîãðàì÷-ëàëûí õýëýíä îðóóëàõ ¿éëäëèéã ïàðàëëåëîãðàìààð ä¿ðñýëíý. a, b,c,x1
  • 14. Áîäîëò áà óòãà îëãîõ ¿éëäýë Ìàòåìàòèêèéí èëýðõèéëëèéí óòãûã áîäîæ, ¿ð ä¿í ãàðãàí ò¿¿íèéãýý ÿìàð íýã õóâüñàã÷èéí óòãà áîëãîí ñàíàõ îéä õàäãàëàõ ¿éëäýë øààðäëàãàòàé áºãººä òýðõ¿¿ ¿éëäëèéã óòãà îëãîõ ¿éëäýë ãýýä òýãø ºíöºãò ä¿ðñèéã àøèãëàíà. Ýíä “:=” òýìäãèéã óòãà îëãîõ ãýíý. Óòãà îëãîõ ¿éëäëèéã õèéõäýý ýõëýýä èëýðõèéëëèéã áîäíî. Óòãà îëãîõ ¿éëäëèéã áèåë¿¿ëýõäýý ýõëýýä èëýðõèéëëèéí óòãûã áîäíî. Èéì ó÷ðààñ ò¿¿íä îðñîí á¿õ õýìæèãäýõ¿¿í ºìíº íü òîäîðõîé óòãàòàé áîëñîí áàéõ ¸ñòîé. Õóâüñàã÷:=èëýðõèéëýë
  • 15.
  • 16.
  • 17.
  • 18.
  • 19. Ãàðãàõ ¿éëäýë Òîîí áîëîí ¿ñãýí ìýäýýëëèéã äýëãýö äýýð òåêñò õýëáýðòýé ãàðãàõ ¿éëäýë èë¿¿ ò¿ãýýìýë øààðäàãäàíà. Èéì ¿éëäëèéã äàðààõ áàéäëààð ä¿ðñýëíý. Òîãòìîë áè÷âýðèéã ‘ òàéëáàð’ , ‘¿ð ä¿í’, ‘ n= ’ ãýæ áè÷íý. Àëãîðèòìèéã ä¿ðñ õýëáýðýýð áè÷èõèéã áëîê-ñõåìýýð ä¿ðñëýõ ãýíý. a,b,c ‘ òàéëáàð ’
  • 20. ¯éëäë¿¿äèéí áèåëýõ äàðààëëûã òýìäýãëýõèéí òóëä ñóìòàé áà ñóìã¿é õýð÷ìèéã õýðýãëýíý. Ãîë òºëºâ àëãîðèòìûã äýýðýýñ íü äîîø, ýõëýëýýñ íü òºãñãºë ð¿¿ íü çîõèîæ ä¿ðñëýäýã. Èéìýýñ äýýðýýñ äîîøîî øèæñýí øèëæèëòèéã ¿íäñýí ÷èãëýë ãýæ íýðëýýä ñóìã¿é õýð÷ìýýð ä¿ðñýëíý. Äîîðîîñ äýýø øèëæñýí øèëæèëòèéã ñóìòàé õýð÷ìýýð òýìäýãëýíý. ýõëýë òºãñ
  • 21. Îëîí ¿éëäýëòýé òîì àëãîðèòì çîõèîæ ä¿ðñëýõýä àëãîðèòìûã íýã õóóäàñíààñ ººð õóóäñàíä äàìæóóëæ áè÷èõ ýñâýë íýã õóóäàñíààñ íºãºº õóóäàñ ðóó øèëæñýí øèëæèëòûã äàðààõ áàéäëààð òýìäýãëýíý. Æèøýý 1: r>0 áîäèò òîî ºãºãäñºí áîë r ðàäèóñòàé òîéðãèéí óðò, r ðàäèóñòàé äóãóé òàëáàé áîëîí r ðàäèóñòàé áºìáºðöºãèéí ýçýëõ¿¿íèéã îëæ áè÷èõ àëãîðèòì çîõèî. Àëèâàà àëãîðèòìä óòãà íü ºãºãäºõ ¸ñòîé õýìæèãäýõ¿¿íèéã àëãîðèòìûí àðãóìåíò ãýæ íýðëýýä àðã ãýæ òýìäýãëýíý. 1 1
  • 22. àðã r, ¿ð ä¿í L, S, V ÝÕËÝË r Pi:=3.141592 L:=pi*r S:=L*r V:=4/3*S*r L:=2*L L, S, V Òºãñ
  • 23. Ä¿ãíýëò Òºãñãºë Ýõëýë Ìýäýýëýë îðóóëàõ ¿éëäýë Áîäîëò áà óòãà îëãîõ ¿éëäýë ͺõöºë øàëãàõ ¿ð ä¿íã ãàðãàõ ¿íýí õóäàë