The Army manages both installation and operational energy requirements. In FY11, the Army spent $1.3 billion on facility energy and $3.7 billion on liquid fuel purchases, a more than $1 billion increase over FY10. The Army is working to improve energy efficiency across its enterprise in order to enhance capabilities, safeguard resources, and build resilience through renewable and alternative energy sources.

1. Army Energy Program
Mr. Richard Kidd
Deputy Assistant Secretary of the Army for Energy and
Sustainability
Assistant Secretary of the Army (Installations, Energy, & Environment)
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2. Army Energy in Perspective
• The Army manages both Installation & Operational Energy
requirements
• The Army is largest facility energy consumer in the Federal
Government – $1.3B (FY11)
• The Army spent $3.7B on liquid fuel purchases in FY11, a
more than $1B increase over FY10, in part due to an
increase in the cost to deliver liquid fuel in Afghanistan Fort Carson Photovoltaic Array
EXTERNAL VIEW: “Pay attention: When the U.S. Army desegregated, the country really
desegregated; when the Army goes green, the country could really go green.” – Thomas
Friedman, 2009
WHITE HOUSE VIEW: “Now, there are costs associated with this transition. And there are some who
believe that we can’t afford to pay those costs right now. I say we can’t afford not to change how we
produce and use energy – because in the long-term costs to our economy, our national security and
our environment are far greater. “ – President Obama, June 2010
“Operational Energy equates exactly to operational capability” - General John Allen, Commander
United States Forces – Afghanistan, December 2011
“Improving our energy security directly translates to improving our national security.” - General
Martin Dempsey, Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff, October 2011
Assistant Secretary of the Army (Installations, Energy, & Environment)
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3. Office of the Deputy Assistant Secretary of the
Army for Energy and Sustainability
Energy and Sustainability Mission:
Provide Strategic Leadership, Policy Guidance, Program Oversight and
Outreach for Energy and Sustainability throughout the Army Enterprise
to Enhance Current Installation and Operational Capabilities, Safeguard
Resources and Preserve Future Options
Office Structure
The Office of the Deputy Assistant Secretary of the Army for Energy
and Sustainability is broken down into four categories
• Operational Energy
• Installation Energy
• Sustainability
• Energy Initiatives Task Force
Assistant Secretary of the Army (Installations, Energy, & Environment)
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4. Army Power and Energy Framework
Basing Soldier Vehicles
Installation Contingency Tactical Non Tactical
Net Zero Installations Tactical Fuels Manager Defense
Contingency Basing Smart-Charging Micro Grids
Smart & Green Energy Rucksack Enhanced Portable Power
Vehicle-to-Grid (Fort Carson, CO)
Mini Grid Power Plants Expeditionary Energy
Alternative Fuels
Adv. Mobile Medium Power Sources Soldier Power Manager
Low Speed Electric Vehicles
Insulated Tents/Spray Foam Nett Warrior
Hybrid Electric Vehicles
Renewable Energy Program Plan OSD Operational Energy Strategy Hybrid Truck Users Forum (TARDEC)
ARNG Energy Lab (Schools) Hydrogen Fuel Cell Vehicles
LED & Electroluminescent Lighting Senior Energy & Sustainability Council Improved Turbine Engine Program
Shower Water Reuse System
Expeditionary Water Packaging Energy Initiatives Task Force
Water From Air System
System Integration Lab - Ft Devens
Army Energy Security Initiatives Operational Energy
Solar, Wind, Geothermal Power Net Zero Strategy Installation Energy
Assistant Secretary of the Army (Installations, Energy & Environment)
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5. Army Energy Program
● Change the Culture: Every Soldier a Power Manager
– Senior Energy and Sustainability Council (SESC)/Senior Energy
Executive (SEE)
– Energy and Sustainability must be a consideration in all Army activities
– System wide approach for designing base camps to capture
efficiencies
● Drive Efficiency Across the Enterprise
– Leverage public private financing to accelerate efficiency projects
– Implement technologies to significantly reduce energy footprint in the
field and on installations
● Build Resilience through Renewable/Alternative Energy
– Diversify sources of energy to allow for continued operations during
energy disruptions
– Attract private investment to develop large scale renewable energy
projects
– Provide flexibility and resiliency by developing alternatives and
adaptable capabilities
● Science and Technology
– Army’s future efforts depend on Science and Technology investments
Assistant Secretary of the Army (Installations, Energy, & Environment)
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6. Strategy into Action
Strategy/Concepts Tasks/Objectives Army Integration
13 Jan 09 Campaign Objective 2.0
21 Oct 11
Operational Energy - Army Energy Provide Facilities, Programs
Security Army Operational
Initial Capabilities & Services to Support the
Implementation Energy
Document (ICD)
Strategy (AESIS) Campaign Plan Army and Army Families
CENTCOM Major Objective 2-8:
TBP
Operational Energy Institutionalize
Documents Contingency Basing
Army Power and
Energy White Paper Campaign Objective 8.0
24 Sep 10 Contingency Basing Draft 14 Dec 11
Campaign Plan Improve Energy Security and
Tactical Fuel and
Energy Sustainability
Implementation Major Objective 8-2:
&
Plan 1 Apr 10 Increase Operational
Energy Effectiveness
Draft v0.2, 30 Jul 11
OE Subtasks
1. Increase
Operational Effect
2. Reduce
22 Feb 11
Leader Development Consumption
19 Aug 10
13 Oct 10
13 Oct 10 And Training
3. Increase Efficiency
19 Aug 10 Change Culture
4. Expand
Alternatives
DICR’s and Joint CB ICD
5. Assure Access
Assistant Secretary of the Army (Installations, Energy, & Environment)
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7. Facilities Energy
Energy Reductions
• Army Facilities Energy investments are producing results
• Since FY03 the Army has reduced its energy consumption by
13.1% while total population on its installations has increased 20%
High Performance Building Standards
• Implemented the highest building standards in the Federal
Government, ASHRAE 189.1
• Building Energy Audits
LEED Gold Brigade Combat Team
Third Party Financing headquarters, Fort Carson, CO
• Army has most robust Energy Savings Performance Contract
(ESPC) program in entire Federal government.
• Expects to execute $800 million ESPC/UESCs in 2012 and 2013.
Non-Tactical Vehicle Fleet
• Actively managing fleet to Reduce size and improve efficiency
• 8% reduction in fuel use in FY11
Energy Initiatives Task Force and Net Zero Initiative
• EITF – Renewable Energy Projects >10MW
• Net Zero – Identified 17 pilot installations
Assistant Secretary of the Army (Installations, Energy, & Environment)
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8. Third Party Financing
Energy Savings Performance Contracts (ESPC) and Utilities Energy Services Contracts (UESC)
• Army has most robust ESPC program in entire Federal government and has reduced
process time to 14 months.
• The Army has secured more than $1.5B in ESPC and UESC investment = cost avoidance to
the Army of $148 million and energy savings of 7.986 trillion British thermal units (Btu).
• More ESPC’s were awarded in Q1 of FY12 ($93M) than in all of FY11 ($74M).
• Expects to execute $800 million ESPC/UESCs in 2012 and 2013.
Value of ESPCs and UESCs Awarded
450
400
350
Dollars in Millions
300
250
200
150
100
50
0
FY09 FY10 FY11 FY12 Projected FY13 Projected High Efficient Boilers
Picatinny Arsenal, NJ
Assistant Secretary of the Army (Installations, Energy, & Environment)
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9. Non-Tactical Vehicles
Goal to reduce fleet petroleum consumption Covered Petroleum Consumption
48
Solution 46
• Reduce fleet size 44
• Right size vehicles
MGGE
42
• Alternative fuel vehicles 40
38
Results 36
• NTV petroleum usage decreased 8.2% in FY11 34
• Fleet size – ~77,600 (~82,800 vehicles in FY09) FY05 FY06 FY07 FY08
Total Consumption
FY09 FY10
Target
FY11
• Planned reductions of 5,000 per year FY12-14
• Right sizing – New vehicles more efficient that
those they replace
• Alternative fuel vehicles – Increased 57% FY09-
FY11
• Testing electric vehicle and vehicle to grid
(V2G) technology (Fort Carson) Ft. Dix Soldiers and Civilians turn in a
vehicle for a hybrid vehicle
Electric truck participating in
V2G test at Fort Carson
Assistant Secretary of the Army (Installations, Energy, & Environment)
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10. Net Zero Hierarchy
 A Net Zero ENERGY Installation is an
installation that produces as much energy on
site as it uses, over the course of a year.
 A Net Zero WATER Installation limits the
consumption of freshwater resources and
returns water back to the same watershed so
not to deplete the groundwater and surface
water resources of that region in quantity or
quality.
 A Net Zero WASTE Installation is an
installation that reduces, reuses, and
recovers waste streams, converting them to
resource values with zero solid waste to
landfill.
 A Net ZERO INSTALLATION applies an
integrated approach to management of
energy, water, and waste to capture and
commercialize the resource value and/or
enhance the ecological productivity of
land, water, and air.
Assistant Secretary of the Army (Installations, Energy, & Environment)
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11. Energy Initiatives Task Force
The EITF is producing a process for developing large-scale renewable energy projects that is
clear, consistent and transparent. This process will be described in a Renewable Energy
Project Development Guide that will detail the five phases of project development.
Assistant Secretary of the Army (Installations, Energy, & Environment)
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12. Energy in the Operational Hierarchy
1. Strategic: World Energy Choke Points
 Petroleum resources increasingly concentrated
outside US sphere of influence
 Energy logistics limitations constrain National
Defense options
NDN
2. Operational:
 70-80% of resupply volume is fuel and water, limits
sustainment alternatives
 Fully Burdened Cost of Fuel ranges from $3.95 to as
high as $56/gal in Afghanistan.
PAK
GLOC
1 Casualty/
46 Convoys
3. Tactical: In OEF
 Energy drives key operational capabilities such as
maneuver, awareness, communication, etc.
 One Soldier 72 hours: 7 types, 70 batteries, 16 lb
 Dismounted platoon for 72 hours: >400 lbs of batteries
Assistant Secretary of the Army (Installations, Energy, & Environment)
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13. Operational Energy Basing Power
• Tactical Fuels Manager Defense (TFMD):
• Automated system tracks requirements, inventory, and
consumption
• Improves visibility and enhance accountability Enterprise
• 36 fielded to USFOR-A; ~45% of all Army fuel in Afghanistan Visibility
• Mini-Grids Deployed in USFOR-A:
• 28 mini-grids replaced spot-generation.
• Saves 50M gallons of fuel per year
Save 50M*
Gallons of Fuel
• Advanced Medium-sized Mobile Power Sources per Year in OEF
(AMMPS):
• Lighter, more fuel efficient, next generation generators -
replaces current Tactical Quiet Generators
• Averages 21% less fuel than the current sets in the field
• Accelerating fielding for deploying units
21% Fuel
Savings
Assistant Secretary of the Army (Installations, Energy, & Environment)
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14. USFOR-A Minigrids
Spot Generation on contingency bases
resulting in wasted power generation
and fuel
Solution – Replace With Minigrids
• Save Fuel
• Less Maintenance
• Less Outages
• Off-the-shelf, readily available technology
Result
• Saving 50 million gallons of fuel annually
• Equivalent to Removing 20,000 HEMTT
Loads or 55 Trucks per Day
• Removed more than 1900 spot generators
• Reduced maintenance costs
• Short payback
• Soldiers available to accomplish alternate
missions
Assistant Secretary of the Army (Installations, Energy, & Environment)
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15. Energy to the Edge
Village Stability Platform (VSP) Case
• Rapid Equipping Force (REF) provided an assessment of a VSP in Afghanistan and
implemented fixes based on that assessment
• Austere environments that are difficult to resupply with Pre E2E Feb Post E2E April
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high threat to ground resupply
• Resupply largely from air drops Generators 5 (240kW) 3 (165 kW)
• Identified possible efficiencies and technology
Power Usage 121 kW 107 kW
Results Fuel
• Significant reduction in fuel usage (33% reduction) Consumption 360 gal/day 240 gal/day
• Reduced resupply demand Fuel Savings 120 gal/day
• Improved reliability of supply
• Improved efficiency of generators CDS Reduction 16 CDS Bundles / month
• Reduced O&M on wet stacked generators
• Increased safety and reliability, due to electric system fixes
Balanced Generators with loads. Two Hybrid Solutions to Increase operational Resupply via air drops
generators taken offline reliability and reduce fuel consumption
Assistant Secretary of the Army (Installations, Energy, & Environment)
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16. Operational Energy Soldier Power
• The1/82nd and 173rd ABCTs deploying with energy
technologies to extend dismounted soldiers endurance
and range
• Equipped with a suite of advanced soldier power capabilities
such as power management devices, fuel cells, and
renewable energy alternatives that helped to reduce the
volume and weight of their load.
• This will build on the deployment of the Soldiers of the 1-16th
Infantry Battalion.
Rechargeable Vs Non-Rechargeable C-E Batteries Rechargeable Batteries
$60
• One Soldier 72 hours: 7 types, 70 batteries, 16 lb
C-E Battery Demands ($M)
Non-rechargeable
$50
Rechargeable • Dismounted platoon for 72 hours: >400 lbs of
$40
batteries
$30
• Army shifting from non-rechargeable to rechargeable
$20
batteries
$10
• FY 12 - Estimate 52% of spending for
$0
FY05 FY06 FY07 FY08 FY09 FY10 FY11 FY12 Communications-Electronics rechargeables
(Est)
compared to 26% in FY05
Assistant Secretary of the Army (Installations, Energy, & Environment)
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17. 1-82nd and 173rd Airborne Combat Teams
Assistant Secretary of the Army (Installations, Energy, & Environment)
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18. 1-82nd and 173rd Airborne Combat Teams
Modular Universal Battery Charger
Soldier Power Managers
Propane Fuel Cell
Solar Stik
Advanced Medium Mobile Power
Rucksack Enhanced Portable 1kW JP-8 generator Sources (AMMPS)
Power System (REPPS)
Assistant Secretary of the Army (Installations, Energy, & Environment)
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19. Operational Energy Vehicle Power
Research and Development
• TARDEC – DOE Partnership
• Improved Turbine Engine Program
• Greater on-board power for combat vehicles
• Fuel Efficient Ground Vehicle Demonstrator
• Ground Systems Power and Energy Laboratory
(GSPEL), TARDEC
Ground Systems Power and Energy
• Opened on 11 April 2012 - eight state-of- Laboratory
the-art laboratories:
• Will develop and test advanced vehicle
technologies to support Army ground
system advances
Track Requirements and Fuel Consumption
to Inform Decision Making
• Tactical Fuels Manager Defense
Advanced Vehicle Power Technology
Alliance (AVPTA) with DoE
Fuel Efficient Ground Vehicle
Demonstrator (FED-A)
Assistant Secretary of the Army (Installations, Energy, & Environment)
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20. Science &Technology Investment Strategy
Energy and Power - Reduce Fossil Fuel and Battery Demand
• Reduce platform energy consumption
• More efficient power sources
• Smart energy management
• Proactive thermal management
• Provide energy options (e.g., alternative fuels, solar)
Logistics - Reduced Fully Burdened Cost of Logistics
• Reduce fuel and water battlefield delivery
• Develop efficient turbine, hybrid engines and propulsion systems
• Comprehensive condition-based maintenance
• Pursue lightweight materials technologies (e.g., composites, lightweight track)
• Improve precision delivery of Soldiers/equipment (e.g., air drop)
Collaborate With the Department of Energy on Research
Assistant Secretary of the Army (Installations, Energy, & Environment)
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21. Our Secret Weapon
The world will not evolve
past its current state of
crisis by using the same
thinking that created the
situation.
- ALBERT EINSTEIN
Assistant Secretary of the Army (Installations, Energy, & Environment)
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