1. PEACE-THE NEED OF
HOUR
Peace is an ideal of freedom, peace,
and happiness among and within all
nations and/or people. World peace is an
idea of planetary non-violence by which
nations willingly cooperate, either
voluntarily or by virtue of a system of
governance that prevents warfare. The
term is sometimes used to refer to a
cessation of all hostility amongst all
humanity.
2. The term is sometimes used to refer to a cessation
of all hostility amongst all humanity. For example,
World Peace could be crossing boundaries
via human rights,animal
rights, technology, education, engineering, medici
ne, diplomats and/or an end to all forms of fighting.
Since 1945 the United Nations and the 5 permanent
members of the Security Council (the US, Russia,
China, France, and the UK) have worked to resolve
conflicts without war or declarations of war.
However, nations have entered numerous military
conflicts since that time.
3. Many theories as to how peace
could be achieved have been
proposed. Several of these are
listed below. World peace is
achievable when there is no longer
conflict over resources. For
example oil is one such resource
and conflict over the supply of oil
is well known. Therefore,
developing technology that
utilizes reusable fuel sources may
be one way to achieve peace
4. DEMOCRATIC PEACE THEORY
Proponents of the
controversial democratic peace
theory claim that strong empirical
evidence exists
that democracies never or rarely
wage war against each other.
There are, however, several possible
exceptions to this theory
5. There are proponents of cobdenism who claim that by
removing tariffs and creating international free trade,
wars would become impossible, because free trade
prevents a nation from becoming self-sufficient, which is a
requirement for long wars. For example, if one country
produces firears and another produces ammunition, the
two could not fight each other, because the former would
be unable to procure ammunition and the latter would be
unable to obtain weapons.
People argue that free trade does not prevent a nation
from establishing some sort of emergency plan to become
temporarily self-sufficient in case of war or that a nation
could simply acquire what it needs from a different nation.
A good example of this,
6. Mutual assured destruction is a doctrine of
military strategy in which a full-scale use
of nuclear weapons by two opposing sides
would effectively result in the destruction of
both the attacker and the
defender. Proponents of the policy of mutual
assured destructionduring the Cold War
attributed this to the increase in the lethality
of war to the point where it no longer offers
the possibility of a net gain for either side,
thereby making wars pointless.
7. UNITED NATIONS CHARTER AND
INTERNATIONAL LAW
After the World War II, United Nations has been
established by United Nations Charter to "save
successing generations from the two scourge
of war which twice in our lifetime has brought
untold sorrow to mankind".The Preamble to the
United Nations Charter also aims to regain
faith in fundamental human rights, to respect
obligation of sources of international law as
well as to unite our strength to maintain
international peace and security. And all
treaties on international human rights
law recall or consider "the principles
proclaimed in the Charter of the United
Nations, recognition of the inherent dignity
and of the equal and inalienable rights of all
members of the human family is the foundation
of freedom, justice and peace in the world".
8. GLOBALIZATION
Gordon B. Hinkley saw a trend in national
politics by which city-states and nation-
states have unified, and suggest that the
international arena will eventually follow suit.
Many countries such as China, Italy,
the United
States, Australia, Germany, India and Britain
have unified into single nation-states, with
others like the European Union following suit,
suggesting that further globalization will bring
about a unified world order.
9. Self-Organized Peace
World peace has been depicted as a consequence of
local, self-determined behaviors that inhibit the
institutionalization of power and ensuing violence. The
solution is not so much based on an agreed agenda, or
an investment in higher authority whether divine or
political, but rather a self-organized network of mutually
supportive mechanisms, resulting in a viable politico-
economic social fabric. The principle technique for
inducing convergence is thought experiment,
namely backcasting, enabling anyone to participate no
matter what cultural background, religious doctrine,
political affiliation or age demographic. Similar
collaborative mechanisms are emerging from the
Internet around open-source projects,
including Wikipedia, Need4Peace, and the evolution of
social media.
10. Economic norms theory links economic conditions with institutions of
governance and conflict, distinguishing personal clientelisteconomies
from impersonal market-oriented ones, identifying the latter with
permanent peace within and between nations.
Through most of human history societies have been based on personal
relations: individuals in groups know each other and exchange favors.
Today in most lower-income societies hierarchies of groups distribute
wealth based on personal relationships among group leaders, a process
often linked with clientelism and corruption. Michael Mousseau argues
that in this kind of socio-economy conflict is always present, latent or
overt, because individuals depend on their groups for physical and
economic security and are thus loyal to their groups rather than their
states, and because groups are in a constant state of conflict over
access to state coffers. Through processes of bounded rationality,
people are conditioned towards strong in-group identities and are easily
swayed to fear outsiders, psychological predispositions that make
possible sectarian violence, genocide, and terrorism.