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Narrative and
 Film Theory
  Research

                Ina Francia Bayson
Difference between
Narrative and Story
        Narrative
            The way the scenes in a film are put
             together.

        Story
            It is the plot of the film, and what will
             happen.
What is Narrative and
the different types of it
   Narrative- it is how the story
    was put together.
   Some types of narratives:
       Science fiction

       Horror
Tvzetan Todorov

        Born: 1 st March, 1939 in Bulgaria
        Lived in France in 1963 with family
        Writes books and essays about
            culture theory

            literary theory

            thought theory
Tvzetan Todorov
Narrative Structure
        His narrative theory is the 3-part
         Structure which are:
            Equilibrium- everything is balanced.

            Disequilibrium- unbalanced, e.g. conflict.

            New Equilibrium- the unbalanced is
             resolved and now balanced.

          Equilibrium


                     Disequilibrium

                                          New
                                       Equilibrium
Example 1: Black Swan
   Equilibrium         Disequilibrium   New Equilibrium




Dreaming of being   Close up of her     Close up of her dancing
the White Swan      getting paranoid    as the White Swan




                                        Long shot of her as
Long shot of them                       the black swan
practicing
Example 2: Amnesia Girl
Equilibrium              Disequilibrium           New Equilibrium




 Having all her          She told him that she
 birthdays               was faking that she
                         don’t know him




                                                 Both getting back
She’s telling him a                              together
                         Her crying as she
story of her past that
                         told him the truth
her friend told her
(she lost her memory)
Claude Levi-Strauss

        Born: 28 th November, 1908
        Died: 30 th October 2009
        Studies Humanity (French
         Anthropologist) and analyses
         religion, technology, origin, etc. of the
         humanity (ethnologist)
Claude Levi-Strauss
Narrative Conflict
        Theory of Binary Opposition
        Everything have opposites and it
         balanced it out in the end.
        Narrative driven by conflict are
         caused by the series of opposing
         forces.
                                     Good and Evil
     Strength and       Binary
     Weakness          Opposition

                                       Light and Dark
Example 1: Harry Potter
and the Philosophers Stone



When the Cerberus woke up             Close up of stopping the
and found                             man from struggling him
Harry, Hermione, Ron opening
the door he’s guarding


                                                                 Voldemort’s spirit angry as
                                                                 he is defeated




 Mid shot of Harry tries to escape   The man used by
 but fire stopped him                Voldemort turning into
                                     ash when Harry touch
                                     him (mid shot)
Vladimir Propp

        Born: 17 th April, 1895
        Died: 22 nd August 1970
        Analyses the plot of folk tales
        He is a Russian and Soviet Formalist
         Scholar in Literature.
Vladimir Propp’s Film
Theory
        He is a character theorist.
        Suggest that there are 7 types of
         characters can be in the narrative.
         Character   Role
         Hero        The lead role.

         Villain     The person who gives a negative
                     effect on the film.
         Heroine     The centre figure of the film.

         Helper      Sidekick

         Donor       Gives clue/power to the hero

         Mentor      Guides the hero

         Father      Gives award to the hero.
Erving Goffman

       Born: 11 th June, 1922
       Died: 19 th November, 1982
       Sociologist and Writer
       Studied Symbolic Interaction (Micro-
        scale Interaction)
Erving Goffman’s
Character Theory
        His theory suggests that there are 4
         main types of character in a
         narrative/production.
    Character                 Role
    Protagonist               Leading character- events of
                              the plot revolve with
    Deuteragonist             Secondary character- may be
                              with or against the lead role
    The bit player            Minor character that
                              audiences wasn’t aware of
                              their background
    The fool                  Uses humour to send out
                              messages
Example 1: Kick Ass


Main character-Kick Ass    Secondary character-
                           helping Kick Ass




Bad guys going to attack

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Narrative and film theory research

  • 1. Narrative and Film Theory Research Ina Francia Bayson
  • 2. Difference between Narrative and Story  Narrative  The way the scenes in a film are put together.  Story  It is the plot of the film, and what will happen.
  • 3. What is Narrative and the different types of it  Narrative- it is how the story was put together.  Some types of narratives:  Science fiction  Horror
  • 4. Tvzetan Todorov  Born: 1 st March, 1939 in Bulgaria  Lived in France in 1963 with family  Writes books and essays about  culture theory  literary theory  thought theory
  • 5. Tvzetan Todorov Narrative Structure  His narrative theory is the 3-part Structure which are:  Equilibrium- everything is balanced.  Disequilibrium- unbalanced, e.g. conflict.  New Equilibrium- the unbalanced is resolved and now balanced. Equilibrium Disequilibrium New Equilibrium
  • 6. Example 1: Black Swan Equilibrium Disequilibrium New Equilibrium Dreaming of being Close up of her Close up of her dancing the White Swan getting paranoid as the White Swan Long shot of her as Long shot of them the black swan practicing
  • 7. Example 2: Amnesia Girl Equilibrium Disequilibrium New Equilibrium Having all her She told him that she birthdays was faking that she don’t know him Both getting back She’s telling him a together Her crying as she story of her past that told him the truth her friend told her (she lost her memory)
  • 8. Claude Levi-Strauss  Born: 28 th November, 1908  Died: 30 th October 2009  Studies Humanity (French Anthropologist) and analyses religion, technology, origin, etc. of the humanity (ethnologist)
  • 9. Claude Levi-Strauss Narrative Conflict  Theory of Binary Opposition  Everything have opposites and it balanced it out in the end.  Narrative driven by conflict are caused by the series of opposing forces. Good and Evil Strength and Binary Weakness Opposition Light and Dark
  • 10. Example 1: Harry Potter and the Philosophers Stone When the Cerberus woke up Close up of stopping the and found man from struggling him Harry, Hermione, Ron opening the door he’s guarding Voldemort’s spirit angry as he is defeated Mid shot of Harry tries to escape The man used by but fire stopped him Voldemort turning into ash when Harry touch him (mid shot)
  • 11. Vladimir Propp  Born: 17 th April, 1895  Died: 22 nd August 1970  Analyses the plot of folk tales  He is a Russian and Soviet Formalist Scholar in Literature.
  • 12. Vladimir Propp’s Film Theory  He is a character theorist.  Suggest that there are 7 types of characters can be in the narrative. Character Role Hero The lead role. Villain The person who gives a negative effect on the film. Heroine The centre figure of the film. Helper Sidekick Donor Gives clue/power to the hero Mentor Guides the hero Father Gives award to the hero.
  • 13. Erving Goffman  Born: 11 th June, 1922  Died: 19 th November, 1982  Sociologist and Writer  Studied Symbolic Interaction (Micro- scale Interaction)
  • 14. Erving Goffman’s Character Theory  His theory suggests that there are 4 main types of character in a narrative/production. Character Role Protagonist Leading character- events of the plot revolve with Deuteragonist Secondary character- may be with or against the lead role The bit player Minor character that audiences wasn’t aware of their background The fool Uses humour to send out messages
  • 15. Example 1: Kick Ass Main character-Kick Ass Secondary character- helping Kick Ass Bad guys going to attack