1. Your Legal Team
Companies Act , 2013
Chapter VII Management &
Administration
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2. Your Legal Team
Highlights - Chapter VII Management & Administration
 Disclosures in the Annual Return (Sec 92):
 Particulars of holding, subsidiary and associate companies
 Certificate of compliance by practicing company secretary
 Remuneration to directors and key managerial personnel
 Change in Promoters Stake (Sec 93):
 Applies to listed companies
 Should capture the change in the number of shares held by the
promoters and the top ten shareholders of the company
 Time period = 15 days from change
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3. Your Legal Team
Highlights - Chapter VII Management & Administration
 Annual General Meeting (Sec 96):
 First AGM within 9 months from closure of financial year
 Quorum for Meetings (Sec 103- Notified):
 For public companies, quorum is dependant on number of
members of the company. Companies with more than 5000
members would require 30 members to form a quorum
 Voting through electronic means (Sec 108):
 Prescribed class or classes of companies will be permitted to
exercise his right to vote electronically
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4. Your Legal Team
Highlights - Chapter VII Management & Administration
 Demand for poll (Sec 109);
 Eligibility for demand for polls may be made by a person present
and having not less than 1/10th of the total voting power or not less
than a sum of 5 Lakhs or such higher amount
 Postal ballots (Sec 110);
 Postal ballot permitted for all companies
 Draft rules provide for business such as alteration of the object
clause, articles, change in the registered office, change in the
object of a public limited company, issue of DR shares, variation in
the rights of a class of shares, buy back, election of director, sale
of whole or substantially whole undertaking of a company, giving or
extending loans
 One member company and company with less than 50 members
not to transact business through postal ballot
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5. Your Legal Team
Highlights - Chapter VII Management & Administration
 Circulation of Members Resolution (Sec 111- Notified):
 1/10 the of members or 1/10th of the voting power can requisition a
circular resolution
 The company to bear the expenditure of the circulation of the
resolution
 Resolution requiring Special Notice (Sec 115)
 Special notice to move a resolution
 Members holding 1% of total voting power or sum of INR 5 Lakhs
in paid up capital
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6. Your Legal Team
Highlights - Chapter VII Management & Administration
 Report on Annual General Meeting (Sec 121):
 Listed public companies to prepare and submit a report
 This is in addition to the minutes, report to be signed by the
Chairman or in his absence by two directors one who is the MD
 Rules provide for a list of all the matters that the report is to
capture
 Report to be submitted to the Registrar within 30 days from the
AGM date
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7. Analysis: Chapter VII
Your Legal Team
Section 88- Register of Members
(Old Act: Sec 150,151,152, 157)
 Register and index of members needs to be maintained for: (i)
each class of equity and preference shareholders; (ii) debenture
holders;(iii) other security holders
 Register and index of beneficial owners to be maintained
 Register can be maintained outside India if permitted under the Act
(“Foreign Register”)
 In case of default, punishable with a fine of not less than INR
50,000 up to INR 3,00,000. Followed by a fine which may extend
to INR 1,000 per day
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8. Your Legal Team
 Information to be maintained:
i.
Name of the member
ii.
Address
iii.
Email id, PAN, UIN
iv.
Father’s, Mother’s or Spouse's name
v.
Occupation
vi.
Status, Nationality
vii. In case member is a minor, name of guardian and date of birth of
the minor
viii. Name and address of the guardian
ix.
Instructions if any with regards to sending notice etc
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9. Your Legal Team
 Special resolution required to maintain the register in any other
place, subject to a minimum of 1/10th residing of the members
reside.
 Any change in the status of a member due to death, insolvency
etc. should be update along with the reason for the change
 Part of the register can be maintained outside which correlates to
any foreign members or debenture holders
 A fee along with an intimation to the ROC shall be undertaken
within 30 days of opening a foreign register.
 Company secretary or such other person to authenticate each
entry and mention the board resolution date
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10. Your Legal Team
Section – 89 Declaration in respect of beneficial interest in any share
(Old Act: Sec 187C)
 Declaration to be made by person holding shares on behalf of
another
 The Declaration shall to be filed with the company, in duplicate
within 30 days from the name being entered into the register. Any
change shall be intimated within 30 days of the change being
undertaken
 Any changes to the holder of beneficial interest shall be intimated
within 30 days
 Fine of INR 50,000 shall apply to any person not making a
declaration within the prescribed time
 A declaration received by the company needs to be filed with the
registrar along with the applicable fees.
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11. Your Legal Team
Section 90 :Investigation of beneficial ownership of shares in certain
cases
(Old Act: Sec 187D)
 Central government may appoint a person to investigate the
beneficial ownership in shares or a class of shares
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12. Your Legal Team
Section 91: Power to close register of members or debenture holder
or other security holders
(Old Act: Sec 154)
(Notified)
 Public limited: if listed or going to list, notice of 7 days or such
shorter period as specified by SEBI needs to be given, publishing
the closure in at least a vernacular newspaper and an English
newspaper and publishing the notice on the website of the
company
 The closure shall not exceed 45 days in aggregate and not more
than 30 days at a stretch
 Private limited: the provisions of the above (point 1). In terms of
publication, will not apply so long as all members have been
intimated of the same prior to the closure of register of members.
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13. Your Legal Team
Section 92: Annual Return
(Old Act: Sec 159,160,161,162)
 Additional information to be captured as per this Act:
i.
Principal business activities of the holding, subsidiary and
associate company
ii.
Details of other securities issued
iii.
Details of promoters, KMP along with any changes in the last
year
iv.
Remuneration to the directors and KMP
v.
Penalties if any on the company, along with details of
compounding of offences and appeals if any against them,
penalty and punishment
vi.
Details related to certification of compliance, disclosures
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14. Your Legal Team
vii. Details of meetings of members or a class, board and various
committees along with attendance details
viii. Details of the shares held by FII’s including name, countries of
incorporation, percentage of shareholding

Company secretary in practice to certify annual returns of
company which are:
i.
Listed
ii.
Paid up share capital of 5 cores or more and turnover of 25
crores or more

Company secretary in practice which defaults herein shall be
liable to a fine of which shall be not less than INR 50,000 up to
INR 5 Lakhs.

Annual return to carry information upto the date of closure of
financials and not up to AGM date only
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15. Your Legal Team
 Annual return to be signed by 1 director and the company
secretary or where there is no company secretary by a company
secretary in practice
 One man company and small company, the annual return to be
signed by a company secretary or if there is no company secretary
by one director only
 Extract of the annual return to be a part of the director’s report
rather than the Balance Sheet
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16. Your Legal Team
Section 93: Return to be filed with ROC in case of promoters’ stake
changes
(New Provision)
 Applicable to listed companies
 Change in the promoters shareholding or the top 10 shareholder
shall be intimated to the ROC within 15 days of the change
 this is in addition to the compliance with SEBI
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17. Your Legal Team
Section 94: Place of keeping and inspection of registers, returns etc.
(Old Act: Sec 158, 163)
 Registers and copies of annual return to be maintained in the
registered office or other places where a minimum of 1/10th of the
members are residing and approved in a special resolution
 For debenture holders, the register shall be maintained for 15
years from the date of redemption
 Annual return shall be maintained for 8 years from the date of filing
 Foreign register shall be maintained permanently. For the foreign
debenture holder for 15 years from the date of redemption
 Copies of the returns can be taken by any holder of securities on
paying a maximum price of INR 10
Section 95 states that the annual return and the registers are
admissible as evidence for any matter
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18. Section 96: Annual general meeting
Your Legal Team
(Old Act: Sec 166)
 Except for one man company, AGM shall be held each year and
not more than 15 months between 2 AGM’s
 First AGM within 9 months from the closure of the first financial
year. Other cases, within 6 months from the date of closure of
financial year
 AGM to be held between 9:00 am to 6:00 pm and not on a National
Holiday as declared by the central government
 Sec 97 provides that the tribunal may call for an AGM, if an
application has been made by a member
 This power has been now given to the tribunal as opposed to the
central government.
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19. Your Legal Team
Section 100: Calling of extraordinary general meeting
(Old Act: Sec 169)
(Notified except for sub-clause (6))
 The board may call an EGM as deemed required for conducting
business
 On receipt of a requisition from members holding at least 1/10th of
the paid up capital the board may call for an EGM
 A valid requisition shall require the company to call for an EGM
within 21 days from the requisition to a maximum of 45 days.
 The requisition should contain the matters to be transacted along
with the date, time and place where the EGM is to be held
 No explanatory statement is required to be annexed to the notice
and the reason for the meeting can be explained at the meeting.
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20. Your Legal Team
 Notice shall be sent to all members on the register of members of
the company.
 Notice of meeting shall be given by ordinary post, registered post
or through electronic means. Non-receipt of notice by a member
shall not invalidate the meeting.
 Any expenses paid by the requisitionists in conducting a meeting
due to failure of the board shall be reimbursed
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21.  Section 101: Notice of meeting
Your Legal Team
(Old Act: Sec 171,172)
 Notice can be given through electronic means as well and the
same is to be provided to: (i) every member of the company
including the legal representative if any; (ii) the auditor of the
company; (iii) every director of the company
 To constitute electronic mode, it should be sent through a
computer which is authorized, which may be a link, an attachment
or in the body, if an attachment should be in pdf.
 The subject line for the email should contain the name of the
company, the notice of the type of meeting and the date of the
meeting
 Company to maintain record of the number of emails sent,
including any which may be resent and this amounts to “proof of
sending”.
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22. Your Legal Team
Section 102: Statement to be annexed with notice
(Old Act: Sec 173)
(Notified)
 Each item of special business to be transacted to be annexed as a
statement in the notice
 In case the general meeting is an AGM except for the following all
items will be considered as special business:
(i)
Consideration of financials statements and reports of the Board
of directors and the auditors
(ii) Declaration of dividend
(iii) Appointment of directors
(iv) Determining the remuneration of the auditors
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23. Your Legal Team
 Any related party matter shall also be set out in the statement
 In case inspection of documents is required and stated in the
statement, the date and place for such inspection shall also be
stated
 Any default in making a disclosure as per this section shall be
punishable with a fine of up to INR 50,000 or 5 times the benefit tat
accrues to such
 As per the 2013 act, benefits that might accrue even to the KMP
needs to be disclosed in the statement in.
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24. Section 103: Quorum for meeting
Your Legal Team
(Old Act: Sec 174)
(Notified)
 Public company: 5 up to 1000, 15 for between 1000 to 5000, 30 for
more than 5000 members
 Private company: 2 person
 Adjourned meeting: to the same day the next week at the same
time and place
 A requisitioned meeting under Sec 100 shall stand cancelled if the
quorum is not present
 At the adjourned meeting if a quorum is not present the members
present will form the quorum
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25. Section 104: Chairman of meetings
Your Legal Team
(Old Act: Sec 175)
(Notified)
 No change from the Old act.
 The members shall appoint from amongst themselves a chairman
on show of hands
 A poll if requested for shall be taken and the election will happen in
that manner
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26. Your Legal Team
Section 105 (Proxies)
(Old Act: Sec 176)
(Notified except sub clause (3) (4) of clause 1 & clause 7)
 One person cannot represent more than 50 members as proxy
 A person who is a member of a charitable organization will not be
entitled to appoint another as a proxy unless such person is also a
member in the company (Not notified)
 The instrument appointing a proxy shall be in writing and be signed
by the concerned party
 The old act permitted voting by the proxy if the articles permitted it,
has been dispensed with in this act
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27. Your Legal Team
Section 106: Restriction on voting rights
(Old Act: Sec 181,182 and 183)
(Notified)
 Voting rights cannot be exercised if calls on the shares have not
been paid or other sums presently payable have not been paid
 No other restriction can be imposed for not casting a vote
 Power of the private company to restrict voting power in case of
shares or interests have not been held for a specific period has
been dispensed with
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28. Section 107: Voting by show of hands
Your Legal Team
(Old Act: Sec 177, 178)
(Notified)
 Voting shall be by show of hands unless the requirement for a poll
is called.
 A declaration by the chairman and an entry in the minutes is
evidence of the resolution
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29. Your Legal Team
Section 108: Voting through electronic means
(New provision- Notified)
 Public company or company with more than 500 members can
provide the option for an electronic voting in general meetings
 Rules provide for specifics on what is a “secured system”, “cyber
security” through which the electronic voting takes place
 An agency which is registered with the MCA will supervise the
electronic voting or a company may get itself registered
 Notice may be sent through RPAD or through electronic means
 Notice on the companies website, the process and manner of
voting shall also be mentioned
 Specifics on the voting and the business conducted through the
voting needs to be advertised in a vernacular and English
newspaper
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30. Section 109: Demand for poll
Your Legal Team
(Old Act: Sec 179,180,184 and 185)
 Prior to declaration of results of any voting on any resolution, a poll
may be ordered for by: (i) 1/10th of the total voting power or if a
member holds a minimum of INR 5 lakhs or such higher amount in
the paid up share capital of the company or (ii) any member
present in proxy
 A poll for matters such as adjournment of meeting and
appointment of a Chairman should be undertaken immediately.
Polls for other matters need to be taken within a maximum of 48
hrs from the time the demand was made.
 The chairman will appoint a scrutinizer, who shall have all
documents necessary to facilitate a valid poll.
 The polling papers that are issued will bear the initials of the
scrutinizer
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31. Your Legal Team
 Polls will be counted in the presence of two witnesses, a report will
be prepared which will contain information on the total votes,
number caste in favor and against the resolution including the
details of the invalid polls
 Report needs to be submitted within 7 days of the poll being
undertaken.
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32. Section 110: Postal Ballot
Your Legal Team
(Old Act: Sec 192A)
 Listed or unlisted companies can avail this mechanism.
 The request should be sent with draft resolutions along with a
request for an assent or a descent to be sent within 30 days
 The notice that is sent shall include a pre-paid envelope for
facilitating the communication
 Advertisement will be sent out in an English and a vernacular
newspaper containing all relevant information about the postal
ballot
 A notice of the ballot shall also be place on the website of the
company till the last date of voting
 The company shall appoint a scrutinizer to validate and report out
the findings of the ballot.
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33. Your Legal Team
Section 111: Circulation of members’ resolution
(Old Act: Sec 188)
(Notified)
 On requisition for a meeting by the required number of members
and circulate to members the statement of the matter to be
discussed in the resolution
 No notice or circulation of resolution will be required unless a copy
of the requisition which is duly executed has been deposited prior
to 6 weeks before the meeting where notice is to be given and in
all other cases 2 weeks before the meeting
 The expenditure for sending a notice of any resolution will be
borne by the company
 The restrictions imposed on the number of words that can be
captured in the circular resolution has been dispensed with.
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34. Your Legal Team
Section 112: Representation of the President and Governor
(Old Act: Sec 187A)
(Notified)
 The President or the Governor as the case may be may appoint a
representative to exercise his rights including voting by proxy and
postal ballot
Section 113: Representation of Corporations at Meeting of
Companies and of Creditors
(Old Act: Sec 187)
(Notified except (b) of (1))
 A body corporate if it is a member by way of a resolution may
authorize a person to be a representative including performing all
such acts as on behalf of the body corporate.
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35. Your Legal Team
Section 114: Ordinary and Special Resolution
(Old Act: Sec 189)
 A resolution shall be ordinary if the number of votes in favor
exceeds those that are against
 A resolution is special if the votes cast in favor is 3 times those
against it.
 A special resolution is required for only those matters that are
considered so in the notice and specified under the Act.
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36. Section 115: Resolution requiring Special Notice
Your Legal Team
(Old Act: Sec 190)
 Person holding not less than 1% or not less than 1 lakh can move
for a special resolution
 Notice to move a special resolution needs to be at least 14 days
prior to the said meeting excluding the day on which the notice is
sent and the board meeting date
 Once the company receives the said notice at least 7 days notice
should be given to all members
 Where it is not practicable to give notice as is usual, advertisement
in an English and vernacular newspaper should be undertaken at
least 7 days prior to the meeting
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37. Your Legal Team
Section 116: Resolutions passed at adjourned meeting
(Old Act: Sec 191)
(Notified)
 Resolutions passed at the adjourned meeting shall be deemed to
be passed at that meeting as opposed to the original date
Eg: Original meeting date is 10th October but for want of quorum it
was adjourned to 17th October. The matters resolved will be dated
17th October
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38. Section 117: Resolutions and agreements to be filed
Your Legal Team
(Old Act: Sec 192)
 Other than the resolutions that have been prescribed in the old act
the following new resolutions need to be filed with the ROC:
i.
To make calls on shareholders for amounts unpaid
ii.
Authorizing the buy back of securities
iii.
Issue securities including debentures whether in or outside India
iv.
To borrow money
v.
Invest the funds of the company
vi.
To grant loans or give guarantee or provide security in respect of
loans
vii. Financial statement and the Board report
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39. Your Legal Team
viii. Diversify the business of the company
ix.
To approve amalgamation, merger or reconstruction
x.
To take over a company or acquire controlling or substantial
stake

All such resolutions need to be filed within the specified period
along with the applicable fees

Any default herein will result in a fine ranging from INR 5 Lakhs to
25 Lakhs
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40. Section 118: Meetings
Your Legal Team
(Old Act: Sec 193,194, 195 and 197)
 Minutes of all meetings shall be recorded including for each class
of shares and resolutions that are passed by postal ballot
 Minutes book to be separately maintained for general meetings,
meetings of the creditors, meetings of the board and any
committee of the board
 Minutes to be maintained according to the Secretarial standard
and shall be recorded in the relevant book within 30 days from the
close of the said meeting
 All appointments of directors, KMP, auditors or company secretary
in practice shall be deemed to be valid
 Each page of every minute book shall be initialed or signed and
the last page shall be signed by the chairman of the BM, general
meeting or the presiding chairman during the postal ballot
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41. Your Legal Team
 Minutes book for the general meeting shall be kept at the
registered office
 Minutes book shall be preserved permanently and kept in the
custody of the company secretary or a duly authorized director by
the board
 Penalty of 25,000 shall be payable by the company and every
defaulting office of the company
 Tampering of the minutes will lead to imprisonment of the said
person for a term which may extend up to 2 years
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42. Your Legal Team
Section 119: Inspection of minute-books of General Meeting
(Old Act: Sec 196)
 Minutes for the general meeting shall be kept in the registered
office and available for inspection during business hours
 A member on furnishing a request will receive a copy within 7
days, the fees to be paid shall not exceed INR 10 per page
 A default herein shall lead to a penalty of INR 25,000
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43. Your Legal Team
Section 120: Maintenance and inspection of documents in electronic
form
 Applies to listed companies and companies with not less than 1000
shareholders, debenture holders and other security holders
 Such companies can maintain the register, minutes and other
records in electronic format and can accordingly inspected
 Records should be maintained such that it can be printed,
retrievable, digitally executable
 Security of the records is entrusted to the director, company
secretary
 Adequate security processes should be in place to ensure that the
records cannot be tampered.
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44. Section 121: Report on AGM
Your Legal Team
 Listed Companies: report out the AGM including confirmation on
the manner it was convened
 Within 30 days the company shall file the AGM documents with the
ROC
 The report is in addition to the minutes for the AGM, the report is to
be signed and dated by the chairman and two other directors one
of whom is the managing director
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45. Your Legal Team
Section 122: Applicability to One person company
 Sec 98 to 100 and 111 shall not apply
 Any business transacted at an AGM shall be deemed to be
transacted in such AGM and the same shall be recorded as per
118 of the Act.
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46. Your Legal Team
Thank You
Ramya Sridhar
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