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Art Appreciation: Overview of the Middle Ages
1. Art in the Middle Ages
Art Appreciation 1301.51005
T, R, 9:30-10:50AM
Professor Paige Prater
2. Introduction
• Middle Ages/Medieval/ “Dark Ages”
• Approximately 1,000 year period: 5th century
end of the Roman Empire to Renaissance
(1500)
• “Barbarians”
• Church power/architecture
– Romanesque (11th century)
– Gothic (1150-1500)
6. Rome: Catacombs of Saints Peter and
Marcellinus, 3rd-early 4th century
Typology: Christ and Jonah stories
7. 5th Century: Rome
Roman army abandons Britain (Hadrian’s
Wall)
◦ Germanic allies of Rome
◦ 410 Rome sacked by Visigoths
◦ Galla Placidia
◦ 455 Rome sacked by Vandals
◦ 476 Ostrogoths deposed the last Roman
Emperor
Ravenna – capital until Byzantine defeat in 540 CE
9. Byzantine: Mausoleum of Galla Placidia
425-426 CE– Good Shepherd Mosaic
Lunette and tesserae
395 – Emperor Theodosius I split
Roman Empire between his sons
11. Byzantine Art/Culture
• Early Byzantine (5th century – 726 CE)
– End of Western Roman Empire – 476CE
– Iconoclastic Controversy 726-843CE
• Middle Byzantine (843-1204 CE)
– Catholic vs. Orthodox 1054 CE
– Crusades begin 1095 CE
• Late Byzantine (1261-1453CE)
– Fall of Constantinople to Turks 1453 CE
13. Icons
• Emperor
Justinian I
(483-565)
• Constantinople
• More than
2,000 icons
• Meditation
and prayer
6th century icon of Christ, St. Catherine
Monastery, Mount Sinai, Egypt
14. San Vitale, Ravenna, Italy
• 526 CE Bishop Ecclesius
commissions this church
• Not finished until Justinian I
takes over Ravenna in 540 CE
• Justinian and Theodora may
never have visited.
21. Illuminated Manuscripts in the Middle
Ages
•
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1aDHJu9J10o
• Koran
• Lindisfarne gospels
• Book of Kells
22. Page from the Koran, late 12th century
• vellum
• Kufic script on
headings
• Maghribi script
on the rest of
the text
• Right to left
• Arabesque
quality
23. Lindisfarne Gospels, Cross-carpet page
introducing the Gospel of Matthew
• Matthew, Mark,
Luke, and John
• lines>tiny
animal heads
• contemplation
25. Book of Kells, Chi Rho Iota page, late 8th or
early 9th century
• Cats and mice
• Chi rho symbol
26. Later Islamic Manuscript Page, 15391543
• The Ascent of the Prophet
Muhammad on his
Steed, Buraq, Guided by
Jibra’il and Escorted by
Angels
• Miniature painting from
Nizami’s Khamsa (five
poems)
27. Pilgrimage in the Middle Ages
• Dome of the Rock, Jerusalem, 688-691 CE
28. Reliquaries
• Reliquary of
Head of St.
Alexander, 114
5
• Silver
repousse, gilt
bronze, gems,
pearls, and
enamel
• 7 ½” high