A introduction to key artists, regions, religions, and history of the northern Renaissance and Iberian peninsula. Based off of Stokstad's Art History textbook, Volume II, 3rd edition.

1. T, R, 12-1:20PM, Professor Paige Prater
15TH- 16TH CENTURY ART IN NORTHERN
EUROPE AND THE IBERIAN PENINSULA

2. MAP IT!

3. NORTHERN RENAISSANCE
Humanism
 Christianity (Protestant vs. Catholic:
iconoclasm)
 Observation/recording of nature
 Civic life, prosperous economy
 Revival of classical learning and literature
 Rise of middle-class
 More names of artists


4. THE DUKES OF BURGUNDY

Most powerful rulers in northern Europe for
most of the 15th century
1363-1404 Philip the Bold (acquires Flanders
through marriage)
 1404-1419 John the Fearless
 1419-1467 Philip the Good; patron of Jan van Eyck
 1467-1477 Charles the Bold
 1477 Mary of Burgundy inherits Burgundy and
marries Hapsburg heir Maximilian of Austria


Commercial centers:
Ghent, Bruges, Tournai, and Brussels

5. 
Melchior Broederlam, Champmol Altarpiece, 13931399. Oil on wood panel, Musée des Beaux-Arts,

6. SCULPTURE: CLAUS SLUTER
Jean de Marville
replaced by Claus
for Philip the Bold’s
Chartreuse de
Champmol
(Carthusian
monastery)
 Well of
Moses, detail of
Moses and
David, 1395-1406


7. MANUSCRIPT
ILLUMINATION
Jean, Duke de
Berry, older brother of
Duke of Burgundy;
avid art collector!

The Limbourg
(Paul, Herman, and John)
Brothers, January, the
Duke of Berry at Table.
Très Riches Heures, 141116. Colors and ink on
parchment. Musée
Condé, Chantilly, France.

8. FIBER ARTS
http://www.youtube.com/
watch?v=26WASJHF46
A&list=PLAAEFE618A27
E29D2&index=37

Unicorn is Found
at the Fountain
from the Hunt of
the Unicorn
tapestry series, c.
1495-1505.
Wool, silk, and
silver-and giltwrapped thread
(13-21 warp
threads per inch).
12’1” x 12’5”. The
Metropolitan
Museum of
Art, New York.

9. FLEMISH PAINTING
SmartHistory, Khan Academy:
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WdDzs70Txjs&list=PLAAEFE6
18A27E29D2&index=23

Robert Campin, Mérode Altarpiece (triptych of the
Annunciation) (open), c. 1425-28. Oil on wood panel.
The Metropolitan Museum of Art.

10. DETAIL OF
RIGHT WING
OF TRIPTYCH
-Oil vs. tempera
-Ordinary to religious
-light!

Robert Campin, A Flemish City, 1425-28. Oil on wood
panel. The Metropolitan Museum of Art.

11. JAN VAN EYCK (AND HUBERT)
Ghent Altarpiece: CLOSED – SmartHistory, Art History at Khan Academy:
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zBfMweJPBrQ&list=PLAAEFE618A27E29D
2&index=25
OPEN – SmartHistory, Khan Academy:
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xwJKfhLMhEk&list=PLAAEFE618A27E29D
2&index=24

Ghent Altarpiece (open), Adoration of the Mystic Lamb.
Completed 1432. Oil on panel. Cathedral of Saint
Bavo, Ghent.

12. JAN VAN EYCK
“As I Can”

Man in a Red
Turban, 1433. Oil
on wood panel.
The National
Gallery, London.

13. JAN VAN EYCK

Double Portrait or
Giovanni Arnolfini
and His
Wife, Giovanna
Cenami, 1434. Oil on
wood panel, 33 x22
½”. The National
Gallery, London.

14. ROGIER VAN DER WEYDEN

No piece of existing art bears his name!
Deposition, before 1443, possibly 1435-38. Oil on wood panel. Museo del
Prado, Madrid.
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SLf_oAkngP4&list=PLAAEFE618A27E29D

15. ROGIER VAN DER WEYDEN

Last Judgment Altarpiece (open), after 1443, c. 1445-48.
Oil on wood panel. Musée de l’ HôtelDieu, Beaune, France.

16. ROGIER VAN DER WEYDEN

Last Judgment Altarpiece (closed), oil on
panel.

17. ROGIER VAN DER
WEYDEN

Portrait of a Lady, c 1455.
Oil and tempera on wood
panel, National Gallery of
Art, Washington, D.C.

18. PETRUS CHRISTUS

A Goldsmith in His Shop, Possibly
Saint Eligius, 1449
Petrus Christus (Netherlandish, active
by 1444, died 1475/76)
Oil on wood; Overall 39 3/8 x 34 3/4 in.
(100.1 x 85.8 cm); painted surface 38
5/8 x 33 1/2 in. (98 x 85.2 cm)

19. DIRCK BOUTS

Resurrection, c.
1455, distemper
(water, chalk, and
pigment) on linen

20. HUGO VAN DER GOES

Portinari altarpiece (open) – 1474-1476 – tempera and oil on
wood panel. SYMBOLISM!!!

21. HANS MEMLING

Scenes from the Passion of Christ, 1470-71, oil
on panel. Galleria Sabauda, Turin.

22. IN FRANCE

France vs. England



1422, King Charles VI dies, England claims throne for 9-monthold Henry VI of England
Joan of Arc leads crusade to instate rightful heir, Charles VII
(crowned 1429)+
Flamboyant (“flaming”) style: tracery

23. JEAN FOUQUET (1420-1481)
Leading
court artist
 From Tours
 Flemish
realism
 Agnès
Sorel, court
mistress
(death
mask)

Melun Diptych, right wing: Virgin
and Child, c. 1451. Oil on wood
panel, 37 ¼ x 33 ½”

24. JEAN FOUQUET (1420-1481)
Étienne
Chevalier, treas
urer under
Charles VII
 St. Stephen
 Original frame:
blue velvet
embroidered
with gold &
silver thread &
pearls
Melun Diptych, left wing. Étienne

Chevalier and Saint Stephen, 1451.
Oil on wood panel, 36 ½ x 33 ½”

25. PIERRE ROBIN, CHURCH OF SAINTMACLOU, ROUEN, NORMANDY, FRANCE. 14321521; FAÇADE C. 1500-1514
“crockets” –
small, knobby leaflike
ornaments
 Tracery everywhere!


26. SPAIN & PORTUGAL
Large collection of Flemish Paintings –
Queen Isabelle of Castile
 1492 – conquest of Granada
 1492 – Columbus


27. JUAN GÜAS, SAN JUAN DE LOS REYES, TOLEDO,
SPAIN, BEGUN 1477

28. NUÑO
GONÇALVES, SAINT
VINCENT WITH THE
PORTUGUESE ROYAL
FAMILY, 1465-67. OIL
ON WOOD PANEL.

29. IN GERMANY & SWITZERLAND
Hanseatic League: association of cities &
trading outposts
 Rise of middle class: Fuggers (textile
merchants to Hapsburg bankers)
 International Gothic style vs. Beautiful style
(Rhineland) vs. detailed visual depiction of
natural world


30. KONRAD WITZ, MIRACULOUS DRAFT OF
FISHES, 1444, OIL ON WOOD PANEL.

31. THE BUXHEIM SAINT CHRISTOPHER, 1423.
HAND-COLORED WOODCUT.

32. MARTIN
SCHONGAUER, DEMO
NS TORMENTING
SAINT ANTHONY, C.
1480-90. ENGRAVING.

33. GEOFFREY CHAUCER, THE CANTERBURY
TALES, 1484. PAGE WITH PILGRIMS AT TABLE
(DETAIL).

34. ALBRECHT DURER (1471-1528)
Foremost artist in northern Renaissance
 Nuremberg, center of learning/business
 Traveled: Basel, Switzerland and Italy
 Published his own prints (fortune made)

 1497:
The Apocalypse

35. 
Four Horsemen of the
Apocalypse, 1497-98.
Woodcut, 15 ½ x 11 1/8” The
Metropolitan Museum of Art, New
York

36. 
Self-Portrait, 1500. Oil on wood panel, 26 ¼ x 19 ¼”. Alte
Pinakothek, Munich.

37. 
Adam and Eve, 1504.
Engraving, 9 7/8 x 7 5/8”.
Philadelphia Museum of
Art.

38. 
Melencolia I, 1514.
Engraving, 9 3/8 x 7 ½”.
Victoria and Albert

39. 
Four Apostles, 1526. Oil on wood panel, each panel 7’ ½” x
2’ 6”. Alte Pinakothek, Munich.

40. MATTHIAS GRÜNEWALD

Isenheim Altarpiece
(closed). From the
Community of Saint
Anthony, Isenheim, Alsac
e, France. Oil on wood
panel. Musée
d’Unterlinden, Colmar, Fr

41. MATTHIAS GRÜNEWALD

Isenheim Altarpiece (open). 1510-1515. Oil on
wood panel. Musée

42. KEY EVENTS IN PROTESTANT REFORMATION
1517 – Martin Luther propounds his NinetyFive Theses at Wittenberg
 1534 – Henry VIII of England breaks from
Rome; founds Church of England
 1555 – Lutheranism recognized in Germany
by the Holy Roman Emperor at the Peace of
Augsburg.


43. LANDSCAPE PAINTING
Albrecht
Altdorfer, Danube
Landscape, c.
1525. Oil on
vellum on wood
panel, 12 x 8.5”.
Alte
Pinakothek, Muni
ch.
 No human
subject or
religious


44. FRANCE

Jean Clouet, Francis I, 1525-30. Oil and tempera on wood
panel, 37 ¼ x 29 1/8,” Musée du Louvre, Paris.

45. FRANCE

Château of Chenonceau, Touraine, France.
1513-21; gallery on bridge, finished, c. 1581

46. FRANCE

Pierre Lescot, West Wing of the Cour Carré,
Palais du Louvre, Paris. Begun 1546.

47. FRANCE
Fontainebleau – renovate medieval hunting
lodge (1530-1570)
 Gardens and grottos


48. SPAIN

Charles V, grandson of Ferdinand and
Isabella abdicated the throne in 1556
 Philip
II (1556-1598) ascends the throne: king of
Spain, the Netherlands, and the Americas
 Navy destroyed by English in 1588
 Northern Netherlands revolt
Arts – sponsored by Church and nobles
 Aesthetic taste: heraldry, luxurious
armor, textiles


49. SPAIN – 16TH CENTURY

El Escorial in Madrid, 1563-84 – monastery
palace complex
 House,
court, government and burial spaces for
Spanish kings

50. SPAIN – 16TH
CENTURY PAINTING

El Greco, Burial of
Count Orgaz, 1586.
Oil on
canvas, 16’x11’10”,
Church of Santo
Tomé, Toledo, Spai
n.

51. EL GRECO

View of Toledo, c. 1610. Oil on canvas, 47 ¾
x42 ¾”. The Metropolitan Museum of Art, NY.

52. NETHERLANDS

Hieronymus Bosch, Garden of Earthly Delights, c.
1505-15. Oil on wood panel, center panel 7’ 2 ½” x 6’
4 ¾” , each wing 7’ 2 ½” x 3’ 2”. Museo del
Prado, Madrid.

53. INTERIOR

Hieronymus Bosch, Garden of Earthly Delights, c. 1505-15. Oil on wood
panel, center panel 7’ 2 ½” x 6’ 4 ¾” , each wing 7’ 2 ½” x 3’ 2”. Museo del
Prado, Madrid.

54. DETAILS – HIERONYMOUS BOSCH

55. DETAIL – HIERONYMOUS BOSCH

56. NETHERLANDS

Bitter religious and political conflict
 Spanish
Hapsburg rulers vs. Protestant
Reformation
 1568 revolt…independence 80 years later!
 1579 -7 northern Protestant provinces declared
United Provinces (present day
Netherlands)…but Catholic Flanders separated
(present-day Belgium)
 Reformation: patrons OUTSIDE the church
 Painting,
textiles, ceramics, wood and metal; graphic
design
 Textiles: Raphael’s cartoons for the Sistine Chapel’s
tapestries were woven by Pieter van Aelst in Brussels!

57. JAN GOSSAERT

Saint Luke Painting the Virgin Mary, 1520. Oil on
panel, 43 3/8 x 32 ¼” . Kunsthistorisches
Museum, Vienna.

58. MARINUS VAN REYMERSWAELE

The Banker and His Wife, 1540. Oil on panel, 33 ¾ x 45
7/9”. Museo Nazionale del Bargello, Florence.

59. PIETER BRUEGEL THE ELDER

The Fall of Icarus, c. 1555-56. Oil on Panel transferred to
canvas. 29 x 44 1/8”. Konenklijke Musea voor Schone
Kunsten van Belgie, Brussels.

60. PIETER BRUEGEL THE ELDER

Return of the Hunters, 1565. Oil on wood panel, 3’10 1/2”.
Kunsthistorisches Museum, Vienna.

61. ENGLAND: HANS HOLBEIN THE YOUNGER

Henry VIII, 1540. Oil on
wood panel, 32 ½” x 29
½”. Galleria Nazionale d’
Arte Antica, Rome.

62. ARMOR FOR ROYAL GAMES

Jacob Halder, Armor of George Clifford, Third Earl of
Cumberland. Made in royal workshop at
Greenwich, England, c. 1580-85. Steel and gold, 5’ 9
½” . The Metropolitan Museum of Art, NY.

63. ENGLISH ARCHITECTURE

Robert Smythson, Hardwick
Hall, Shrewsbury, England. 1591-97.