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Do happier pregnancies make healthier babies? Stress and the medicalization of maternal emotion Elizabeth Mitchell Armstrong Princeton University
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Psychological stress may kill the fetus
Imagined effects of prenatal stress ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Imagined effects of prenatal stress, cont’d ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Imagined effects of prenatal stress, cont’d ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
 
Imagined effects of prenatal stress, cont’d ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Imagined effects of prenatal stress, cont’d ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
 
Imagined effects of prenatal stress, cont’d ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
 
Imagined effects of prenatal stress, cont’d ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
 
Imagined effects of prenatal stress, cont’d ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Imagined effects of prenatal stress, cont’d ,[object Object]
What is stress? ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Stress & health ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Stress in pregnancy ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Conceptualizations of stress ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Prenatal stressors  ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Characterizations of stress ,[object Object],[object Object]
Dimensions of stress ,[object Object],[object Object]
Subfields ,[object Object],[object Object]
Disasters as population stressors ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Hypothesized mechanisms ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Hypothesized mechanisms ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Stress and fetal programming ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Why prenatal stress matters ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Prenatal stress is prevalent ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
 
[object Object],[object Object]
Evidence?
In popular understanding ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Fetus to mom: You’re stressing me out! ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Pregnancy advice ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Maternal emotions in historical perspective ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Des Monstres et Prodiges, 1573 Ambroise Paré ,[object Object],[object Object]
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Maternal impressions ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Mary Toft
2 forms of maternal impression ,[object Object],[object Object]
 
 
“ Psychophysiology of the maternal-fetal relationship”  (DiPietro 2004) ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Modern maternal impressions? ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
 
What about men and stress? ,[object Object],[object Object]

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‘Do happier pregnancies make healthier babies? Stress and the medicalisation of maternal emotion’