1. Collaborative Management
Approach to Fisheries
and Coastal Resources
of Baler Bay
Pedcris M. Orencio
Philippine Environmental Governance Project

2. Geographical Location
•A narrow strip of land oriented to
the bleak and wild eastern coast of
Luzon (Pacific Coast)
•The strip is isolated from the rest of
the island by Sierra Madre Mountain
Range
• Bounded by Isabela to the North,
Nueva Ecija, Nueva Vizcaya on the
western boarder, Quezon on the
South and the Pacific Ocean on the
East, with the following coordinates:
15 31’ 02” to 16 31’ 00’’ N Lat 122
31’02’’ to 122 01’30” E Long
Source: PPFP, 2003. Student Paper

3. Project Site
Seven Coastal Municipalities
Total Municipal Waters
364,976 hectares
Total Length of Coastline
410 km
Baler Bay
Municipality Length of Coastline Municipal Waters
(Kilometers) (Hectares)
San Luis 54.6 20, 353
Baler 35.2 12, 960
Dipaculao 49.5 16, 073
Dinalungan 27 6,630
Total 141.3 56,016
Student Paper

4. There was a
general decrease
in fish production
and CPUE
between 1989 and
2002.
Estimated
CPUE
fisher HP = # fishers x 0.0295 (see Padilla and Morales 1997)
vessel HP = fisher HP x 102.71 (see Padilla and Morales 1997)
total HP = fisher HP + vessel HP
CPUE = total catch / total HP
Source: Fishery Status of Aurora, 2004. Student Paper

5. Resource Management Issues
• Poor regulatory measures onOVER or the
OVERFISHING/ fishers
prevalence of “open access system”
EXPLOITATION
• Illegal fishing e.g. use of noxious substances,
OF FISHERY RESOURCES
compressor, fine mesh nets
• Encroachment of commercial fisheries from
DESTRUCTIVE/ ILLEGAL
neighboring municipalities into municipal
waters FISHING PRACTICES
• Weak law enforcement
• Destruction of marine resources such as coral
COASTAL HABITAT
reefs which resulted to low productivity
DESTRUCTION
Student Paper

6. Institutional and Governance Issues
• Lack of resource and technical manpower in the
LGU level to implement CRM
•LOCAL GOVERNMENT CAPABILITY
Production-oriented thrust of the fisheries sector
TO IMPLEMENT CRM PROJECTS
• Self-oriented mindset of LGUs in environmental
management
• Absence of budget allocation for environmental
management
LOCAL GOVERNMENT
• Absence of updated database or profile of
DEVELOPMENT ORIENTATION AND
fisheries
PARTICIPATORY GOVERNANCE
• Low community awareness on environmental
protection and management
Student Paper

7. EcoGovernance Interventions
LGU Good Governance Principles to Mitigate Threats of Resources
and Environmental Deterioration
REDUCE FISHING EFFORT ANDthe Problems,
TRAININGS AND Outlines
TRANSPARENCY,
LIMIT ACCESS Issues and Concerns
CAPABILITY BUILDING WORKSHOPS
ACCOUNTABILITY
Inter-LGU Fisheries municipal waters
AND
PARTICIPATORY
affecting the
of Baler, Dinalungan,
STOP ILLEGAL AND DESTRUCTIVE
Management Plan and San Luis and
FISHING PRACTICES Dipaculao,
provides Policies, Programs
TECHNICAL (ILFMP)
POLICY AND
TECHNICAL and Strategies that would
GOVERNMENT
PROTECT AND MANAGEimprove the Management of
ASSISTANCE COASTAL
STRATEGIES
INSTRUMENTS
HABITATS AND RESOURCES
their Municipal Fisheries
Student Paper

8. EcoGovernance Interventions
Vision of the Inter-LGU Fisheries
Management Plan (ILFMP)
“Kaming mga mamamayan ng apat na bayan ng
Aurora ay nagkakaisa na
…mapigil ang ilegal na paraan ng pangingisda
…mapangalagaan ang likas yamang
katubigan….
Magkaroon ng sapat na aning isda hanggang sa
susunod na salinlahi”
Source: ILFMP, 2004.
Student Paper

9. Structural Operations
Municipal Level • Formation Committees for
implementation (Law
Enforcement, IEC, MCS)
• Organization of Bantay- Dagat,
Institutional MFARMC, BFARMCs
Creations
• Passing of local ordinances:
registration and licensing
systems, ban on destructive
fishing gears, protection of
endangered/ threatened species,
declaration of MPAs
Financial Policy
ILFMP
Support Measures
• Annual budget allocation for
CRM
•Special Account for Fisheries
Management
• Establishment of MPAs,
Active capability building of law
Efforts enforcers, continuous IEC,
conduct of patrolling activities,
registration of boat, fishers and
permit systems for gears
Student Paper

10. EcoGovernance Interventions
The Inter-LGU Fisheries Management
Plan (ILFMP)
Monitoring Control and
San Luis Surveillance (MCS)
Inter-LGU
Baler Collaboration Legislation
CRM
Areas
Dipaculao Resource Allocation
Committee
Dinalungan IEC (ILCRMC)
Capability Building
Provincial Governor
EO 05- 2005
Student Paper

11. Towards Sustainable Management
Through Inter-LGU Implementation
• Identify areas of complementation and
coordination
• Intensify working relationships through
common concepts, thrust and objectives
• Minimize overlapping of functions and
enhanced synergy with existing institutions
• Maximize utilization of present resources and
establish linkage to possible support services
• Potential ventures that would support
sustainable financing
Student Paper

12. Change Process Future State
• Inter LGU collaboration
• Sustained political will
• A priority LGU project
• Cooperating public
Transition
ILCRMC
Present State Transition --- psychological process
• Insufficient Political will people go through to come to terms
with the new situation
• Padrino system
• Weak support system
“Unless transition occurs, change will
• Lack public awareness not work”
Student Paper

13. Some Transition Activities
Planning, Registration, Licensing,
Organizational Boat Permit Systems
Formation (ILCRMC)
Establishment of Law Enforcement
MPAs Activities

14. ILCRMC is the best advocate for the “transition
process”
The Structure
CRMO /
ILCRMC
Coordinator ILCRMC
Gen Assembly
Secretariat
PFARO staff
Law Policy,
Registration Technical
Enforcement Legislation
Licensing Assistance
Committee and
and IEC M& E
Mediation
Student Paper

15. From Purely “bottoms–up approach” to “lets
do it together approach “(Co–Management )
Inter-LGU Reporting System of Illegal Fishing Practices
Barangay - level Municipal - level Provincial - level
Asset Bantay Mayor, radio
(All members  Dagat, PNP,  operator,  PFARO,
PNP, radio
in the Philippine PNP, MAO,
community) Army, LGU, MFARMC operator
Barangay
Officials
• Coded messages shall be passed through text or radio messages or an asset can
report directly to Bantay Dagat , PNP, Army, LGU, and Barangay Officials.
• Received messages must be acknowledged.
Student Paper

16. IEC Support to CRM Implementation
Materials
Consultation/
Meetings Student Paper

17. Data Banking and Profiling
Reporting of Activities (Municipal to ILCRMC)
Date Location Type of Record Lodge Actions Actions
Information Conducted Expected
Feedback (ILCRMC to Municipalities)
Municipality Date Lodged/ Type of Action Taken Status
Reported Information
Student Paper

18. Resource Management Efforts
Networking of
MPAs
• Mabudo
• Ditangol
• Dibutunan
• Aniao- Digisit
• Dibut
Student Paper

19. Institutional Sustainability Factors
TREE ILCRMC
FRUITS Fertilizers and Cultivating Availability and Access to
TECHNOLOGY
Technologies Technology
Investment and Financial Support and
LEAVES FINANCIAL
Capitalization Funding
External cultivation from Adequacy of manpower
TRUNK MANPOWER
skilled farmer skills and number
Firm Foundation Autonomy and Power
AUTHORITY
ROOT
Student Paper

20. “Kung Sama-sama,
Kayang-kaya”
Student Paper