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Financial Instruments  and Markets CHAPTER 5 McGraw-Hill/Irwin Copyright © 2009 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.
Financial Executive As Marketing Executive ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Packaging ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Financial Markets ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Financial Instruments ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Three Variables ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Bonds ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Relative Size ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Bond Characteristics ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Call Provisions ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Covenants ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Rights in Liquidation ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Secured Creditors ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Bonds as an Investment ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
TABLE 5-1 Rate of Return on Selected U.S. Securities,  1900 - 2007
Bond Ratings ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Table 5-2 Selected S&P Debt-Rating Definitions
Table 5-2 ( continued )
Junk Bonds ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Common Stock ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Checks on Management ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Trends ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Common Stock as an Investment ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Equity Premium ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
FIGURE 5-1 If Your Grandmother Had Invested only a Dollar in 1900; Nominal Returns on U.S. Assets 1900-2007
FIGURE 5-2 Distribution of Annual Return on Stocks And Bonds, 1928-2007
FIGURE 5-2 (Continued) Source: Professor Aswath Damodaran’s Web site,   pages.stern.nyu.edu/~adamodar/ .
Preferred Stock ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Cumulative Preferred ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Perspectives on Common ,[object Object],[object Object]
Financial Markets ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Private Equity Financing ,[object Object],[object Object]
Venture Capitalists ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Private Equity Partnerships ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Value and Investment Horizon ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
FIGURE 5-3 Venture Capital Investment in U.S. Companies
Relative Share ,[object Object],[object Object]
Initial Public Offerings ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Investment Banking ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
IPO Risks ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Seasoned Issues ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Private Placement ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Rule 144a ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
International Markets ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Reserve Requirements  and Bearer Bonds ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Issue Costs ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Representative Cost Comparisons ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Efficient Markets ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Controversial Issues ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
What is an Efficient Market? ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
FIGURE 5-4 Time Series of the Mean Price Index of the Shares of 161 Target Firms Involved in Successful Tender Offers Source: Michael Bradley, “Interfirm Tender Offers and the Market for Corporate  Control,”  Journal of Business  53, no.4 (1980).
Efficiency in Degrees ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Empirical Evidence ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Implications of Efficiency ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Conclusions to Draw ,[object Object],[object Object]
Managing Risk ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Forward Markets ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
FIGURE 5A-1 Forward Market Hedge
FIGURE 5A-1 (Continued)
FIGURE 5A-1 (Continued)
Hedging in Forward Markets ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Hedging with Options ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Hedging a Euro-A/R ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
FIGURE 5A-2 Option Market Hedge
FIGURE 5A-2 (Continued)
FIGURE 5A-2 (Continued)
Limitations of  Financial Market Hedging ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Valuing Options ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

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Chap005