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Insight learning - Kohler
•   Insight learning refers to the sudden
    realisation of a solution of a problem
•   After a period of mentally manipulation
    of aspects of a problem for a while

•   Kohler experimented with Sultan the
    chimp who was caged with food
    strategically placed outside the cage.
•   Some boxes and sticks were placed in
    the cage.
•   Through some manipulation of these
    objects which got Sultan nowhere, he
    seemed to suddenly figure out that the
    sticks could be joined to get the food.
•   He used Insight to solve similar
    problems
4 stages of Insight learning
               • Can’t solve the problem
    1:        initially
Preparation • Data gathering


               • Problem put on hold
    2:
               • Problem work on
Incubation       unconsciously


     3:        • Suddenly there is a
                 mental representation of
  Insight        solution


     4:              Solution
Verification         checked
Example
                                                       • E.g. Amelia can’t figure out how
    1:         • Can’t work out how to load the          to load free songs from youtube
                 songs initially
Preparation                                              on to her iphone
               • Data gathering
                                                       • After spending an hour trying a
                                                         variety of unsuccessful
                                                         strategies.
    2:         • Song loading problem put on hold
                 while she goes on a walk              • She ‘cracks it’ and decides to go
Incubation     • Problem worked on unconsciously         for a walk.
                                                       • ½ way through the walk, she
                                                         suddenly realises, that she needs
                                                         to put the songs in iTunes 1st.
     3:        • During her walk, she suddenly
                 there is a mental representation of   • She bolts home and tests her
  Insight        how to load the songs                   theory out and sure enough it
                                                         works

                Solution checked,
     4:
Verification    her songs do load
Step 1: Preparation
• Initially the learner feels
  helpless (‘I’m never going
  to figure this out’)
• The individual gathers
  information about the
  problem (trial & error)
• E.g. You are trying to
  program the new DVD
  recorder to tape shows,
  you try different settings,
  turning the TV to AV mode,
  etc........
Step 2: Incubation
• The problem is
  consciously put
  aside,
• But worked on at an
  unconscious level
• So you go outside
  and shoot some
  hoops, because you
  are getting angry
  that you can’t solve
  the problem,
  meanwhile your
  brain is working on
  the problem
Step 3: Insight – ‘Aha’
• ‘Aha – now I know
  what to do’
• Some mental
  event bridges the
  gap between the
  problem & the
  solution
• Unconsciously the
  learner has
  reassembled the
  elements of the
  problem into a
  meaningful whole
Step 4: Verification
• Solution (arrived
  at mentally) is
  now tested out
  (physically)
• This will now
  help with future
  problem solving
  (in a sense the
  learner is
  learning how to
  learn)
Insight Learning: key points
•   The learning appears
    suddenly
•   The 1st time the solution
    is tried, it is generally
    done correctly (few/no
    errors) despite the lack
    of reinforcement given
•   We tend not to forget
    the solution
•   Learning can be applied
    to similar problems in
    the future
•   i.e. We can use the
    insight gained to help up
    us with future problems.
•   Thus it is a more
    cognitive process (than
    classical conditioning or
    operant conditioning)

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Insight learning - VCE U4 Psych

  • 1. Insight learning - Kohler • Insight learning refers to the sudden realisation of a solution of a problem • After a period of mentally manipulation of aspects of a problem for a while • Kohler experimented with Sultan the chimp who was caged with food strategically placed outside the cage. • Some boxes and sticks were placed in the cage. • Through some manipulation of these objects which got Sultan nowhere, he seemed to suddenly figure out that the sticks could be joined to get the food. • He used Insight to solve similar problems
  • 2. 4 stages of Insight learning • Can’t solve the problem 1: initially Preparation • Data gathering • Problem put on hold 2: • Problem work on Incubation unconsciously 3: • Suddenly there is a mental representation of Insight solution 4: Solution Verification checked
  • 3. Example • E.g. Amelia can’t figure out how 1: • Can’t work out how to load the to load free songs from youtube songs initially Preparation on to her iphone • Data gathering • After spending an hour trying a variety of unsuccessful strategies. 2: • Song loading problem put on hold while she goes on a walk • She ‘cracks it’ and decides to go Incubation • Problem worked on unconsciously for a walk. • ½ way through the walk, she suddenly realises, that she needs to put the songs in iTunes 1st. 3: • During her walk, she suddenly there is a mental representation of • She bolts home and tests her Insight how to load the songs theory out and sure enough it works Solution checked, 4: Verification her songs do load
  • 4. Step 1: Preparation • Initially the learner feels helpless (‘I’m never going to figure this out’) • The individual gathers information about the problem (trial & error) • E.g. You are trying to program the new DVD recorder to tape shows, you try different settings, turning the TV to AV mode, etc........
  • 5. Step 2: Incubation • The problem is consciously put aside, • But worked on at an unconscious level • So you go outside and shoot some hoops, because you are getting angry that you can’t solve the problem, meanwhile your brain is working on the problem
  • 6. Step 3: Insight – ‘Aha’ • ‘Aha – now I know what to do’ • Some mental event bridges the gap between the problem & the solution • Unconsciously the learner has reassembled the elements of the problem into a meaningful whole
  • 7. Step 4: Verification • Solution (arrived at mentally) is now tested out (physically) • This will now help with future problem solving (in a sense the learner is learning how to learn)
  • 8. Insight Learning: key points • The learning appears suddenly • The 1st time the solution is tried, it is generally done correctly (few/no errors) despite the lack of reinforcement given • We tend not to forget the solution • Learning can be applied to similar problems in the future • i.e. We can use the insight gained to help up us with future problems. • Thus it is a more cognitive process (than classical conditioning or operant conditioning)

Notas del editor

  1. i.e. stacking boxes to get too food suspended from the top of the cage.
  2. i.e. stacking boxes to get too food suspended from the top of the cage.
  3. i.e. stacking boxes to get too food suspended from the top of the cage.