1. Causes of the Civil War

2. On the back of your Do Now, write down three reasons the North
and South went to War based on the music video.

3. Missouri Compromise of 1820
• 1819 Missouri asks to be
permitted to the Union.
• 11 Free and 11 Slaves states
at the time
• Henry comes up with a
compromise
– Missouri added as a slave
state, Maine added as a free
state
– Southern border of Missouri
forms the 36 30’ latitude. This
becomes the boundary for
slavery. Slavery is permitted
only South of this line

4. The Compromise of 1850
• 1850 California asks to join the Union. Stephan
Douglas proposes compromise.
• California added as a free state
• Mexican cession was divided into two territories,
New Mexico and Utah; each was given popular
sovereignty
• Slave trade outlawed in Washington D.C.
• Fugitive Slave Act
– Strengthened old law that required Northerners to
turn in runaway slaves. Put a $1,000 fine and 6
months in jail to anyone who helps a runaway slave

6. Uncle Tom’s Cabin
• Harriet Beecher Stowe
1852
• She writes a novel to
demonstrate the cruel
treatment of slaves and the
horror of the Fugitive Slave
Laws. Story of a nice old
slave who’s owner goes
broke and sells him to a
mean master. Helped to put
a face on the peculiar
institution. Helped to
further split the North and
the South.

7. Kansas-Nebraska Act 1854
• Stephan Douglas wanted to set up a
government in Nebraska to set up railroads
from Chicago to California. Divided the
territory into two territories, Kansas and
Nebraska, and gave them popular sovereignty
to decide slavery. It further divided the North
and South as it created a battleground for
abolitionists and pro-slavery advocates.

8. Bleeding Kansas 1854-1856
• Battlegrounds for abolitionists and Pro-slavery
groups. Battle in Lawrence in 1856. In 1855
many pro-slavery advocates crossed from
Missouri and voted illegally. They elected a
pro-slavery legislature. 1856 John Brown
stormed Potawantume and killed 5 pro-
slavery advocates. Over 200 people were
killed in the violence that broke out.
Newspapers titled all the violence, Bleeding
Kansas.

9. Dred Scott Case
• Dred Scott was a slave who traveled with his
master from Missouri to Illinois to Wisconsin and
back to Missouri. Anti-slavery lawyers took up his
case after Scott’s owner died. They hoped to get
a ruling from the Supreme Court calling slavery
unconstitutional. Instead, the Supreme Court
ruled that slaves were not citizens and were
therefore not entitled to rights guaranteed by the
Constitution. This greatly angered Northerners
and encouraged the Southerners.

10. Lincoln – Douglas Debates
• In 1858 Senator Stephan Douglas ran for re-
election against a tall young lawyer named
Abraham Lincoln. During the debates Lincoln
tried to paint Douglas as a pro-slavery advocate.
In return, Douglas tried to portray Lincoln as a
strong abolitionist trying to eliminate slavery.
Douglas won election, but the debates made
Lincoln a public figure and helped the South form
a negative opinion of him. Upon his election to
the presidency in 1860, the south would secede.

11. John Brown’s Raid on Harpers Ferry
• John Brown and a group of militant abolitionists
attacked the federal arsenal in Harpers Ferry,
Virginia. They were hoping to start a slave revolt
and supply them with the necessary weapons.
The revolt did not happen. Robert E. Lee overran
the invaders and John Brown was taken prisoner.
He was tried and convicted, then sentenced to
death. The dignity that he showed during his trial
gained him great support from the North. His
execution became part of the battle cry of the
North.

13. Westward Expansion
• As the U.S. exercised its philosophy of
manifest destiny, a monumental debate
would result. The issue would accompany
each new acquisition. Slave or Free State?

14. The Wilmot Proviso
• After the Mexican-American War, the U.S. had
acquired lands from Mexico. A new and pressing
issue now surfaced to the front of American
politics. Would new states or territories be added
as free or slave? The balance of power between
North and South could shift. Wilmot added a
proviso (amendment) to a bill from congress
stating that slavery would not be permitted in
any state acquired from Mexico. Congress later
defeated the amendment.

15. Nat Turner’s Rebellion
• Nat Turner, an African
American preacher led a
violent slave revolt in
Virginia. Believing he was
acting under divine
intervention he and the
slaves killed up to 70 white
people. Virginia which had
briefly considered dropping
slavery now joined the
other southern states in
tightening the restrictions
on slaves.

16. Election of 1860 and South Carolina
Secession
• Lincoln, the republican
candidate from the North
was elected to president
over without receiving
one electoral vote in the
south. Infuriated
southern states threaten
to leave the Union. On
December 20th
, 1860,
South Carolina became
the first state to secede
from the Union.

17. SOUTH SECESSION
• 12/20/1860 South Carolina seceded
• soon after they are joined by Texas,
Louisiana, Alabama, Georgia, Florida
• elect Jefferson Davis as president of
Confederate States of America
• locate capital in Montgomery Alabama

18. Fort Sumter
• This marked the start of
the Civil War when
confederate forces fired
on Fort Sumter in South
Carolina and committed
an open act of rebellion
against the Union.

19. • President of the Union • President of Confederacy

21. New York City Draft Riot 1863
• July 1863 protest of
war in New York City
left 1,000 dead
• Irish laborers were
protesting the draft
which wealthy men
could pay to be
exempt from

22. EMANCIPATION
PROCLAMATION
• Freed Slaves in Confederacy
• technically didn’t free anyone
• hoped slaves would hear and
runaway
• stopped Britain and France from
recognizing Confederacy

23. SURRENDER AT APPOMATTAX