1. The Nature of Molecules Water Notes

2. Big Ideas: Living Systems are made up of 5 types of molecule a. Water b. Carbohydrates c. Lipids d. Proteins e. Nucleic Acid Sugars/Starches All help to maintain HOMEOSTASIS Fats DNA & RNA

3. 2. Organisms are made up of different arrangements of these molecules, giving all life a biochemical framework.

4. II. Inorganic vs. Organic Living systems can be categorized into inorganic and organic molecules. 1. INORGANIC: molecules containing 1 or no carbon atoms Ex: H2O, CO2, NaCl

5. 2. ORGANIC: molecules containing 2 or more carbon atoms Ex: hydrocarbons (fuels like methane), Carbs, lipids, proteins, nucleic acids

6. III. Chemistry of Water Essentials: Most CELLS are surrounded by water and cells themselves are about 70-95% water The abundance of water is the major reason Earth is habitable and essential for all living things.

12. Lewis Structure of Water: Lone pairs of electrons (-) Covalent bond…shared electron between H and O (+) (+)

14. b. Polar Covalent: Share electrons UNEQUALY causes a negative charge at one end and a positive charge at the other Ex. H2O HCl

15. So…Why does water “stick” to itself and to other objects? Zero Gravity Water Balloons

19. Hydrogen bonding song

22. **Keep in mind that large molecules may have both hydrophilic and hydrophobic properties!

25. b. Hydrolysis: Addition of a water molecule results in the breaking apart of molecules.