Radisys' Renuka Bhalerao and Paul Senior of Airspan presented: Small Cells & LTE Advanced - The Hype of 3Cs: Capacity, Coverage and Customer Satisfaction on June 11, 2013. View/Read their materials how mobile operators can make their networks more efficient, increase capacity and coverage by deploying LTE-A and strategically placed small cells.

1. 1
Welcome!
Today’s Webinar:
Small Cells & LTE Advanced
The Hype Of 3Cs: Capacity, Coverage & Customer
Satisfaction
Presented in partnership with

2. 2
Agenda
 LTE Today
• Market Update and Operator View
• Video as the dominating application
 LTE-A Evolution: A Phased Rollout
• Advanced interference mitigation
• Multi-carrier support
• HetNet Era
 LTE-A and small cells combo can
usher in new era
• Public Access Small Cells
• Backhaul Technology
• Self-organizing networks
 LTE-Advanced Small Cells case
study
 Final thoughts
 Q&A

3. 3
LTE Market Update
Large operators
continue to unveil their
LTE and small cell plans
New devices defining
mobile broadband
success = new
opportunities
Video dominates as THE
application
•The smart phone growth of 7
times translates to data growth
of 37 times *
Analysts predict Network Transition by
2017 in a phased rollout *:
 Phase 1: 3G rollouts, 2008–2011
 Phase 2: 3G expansion and upgrades, 2012–
2016
 Phase 3: 4G capacity upgrades, 2013–2017
*Infonetics Research 2013

4. 4
Transition: How LTE Picked Up Pace
4G/LTE
3G
2.5G
2G
2008
2005
1997
1990
 Operators rushing for LTE
upgrade of their networks
 Growing subscriber base with
high data usage
 Capacity need in dense urban
areas
 Smart Devices
 2G prevailed, 3G picked up
and now LTE gained
momentum at even faster
pace
 A dramatic shift from voice to
data and video
All IP Network with simplified architecture
data speeds 10x UMTS

5. 5
LTE-Advanced: Why? Where?
 LTE Deployments are picking up but not without challenges
• Initial LTE rollouts in Asia have provided opportunities for many
lessons learned
• Key challenges facing larger scale small cell deployments,
including the complexity and cost of wireless backhaul and radio
interference
• When it comes to capacity management, redirection alone is not
sufficient
• Most of the traffic load is still indoors, small cells popping up and
so is the interference at radio side
– Dense deployments mean more interference
– Spectrum is limited, data usage is not!
LTE-A promises the much needed upsurge in network efficiency, increased
network capacity that is key to monetizing mobile broadband

6. 6
Operator Views on Challenges
23%
23%
11%
10%
10%
10%
9%
4%
Site Acquisiton
Low-cost Deployment
Model
Macro Can Handle It
Backhaul
Integration with Macro
Availability / Cost
Security
0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25% 30% 35% 40%
Most public access small cells will need to
coordinate with the macro
All public access small cells will need to
coordinate with the macro
Low-power public access small cells (e.g. <250
mw) can manage themselves, but higher power
devices need active coordination
Public access small cells can largely manage
themselves & don’t need to co-ordinate
39%
28%
19%
14%
46% Cite Logistics &
Deployment Model
86% Expect Some Degree of
Macro to Small Cell
Coordination
Source: HeavyReading Small Cell Operator
Survey

7. 7
LTE-Advanced: The Evolution
• Carrier aggregation for better spectrum
flexibility and higher bandwidth
• HetNet and small cells enhancements
• CoMP and eICIC for improved co-
ordination.
• Enhanced SON techniques going
beyond self-initialization
• Relaying for outdoor range extension
High data rates
 Downlink peak data rates up to
3Gbps.
 Uplink data rates up to max
1.5Gbps
 Support for up to 100Mhz
bandwidth
Better spectral efficiency
 Maximum 8x8 MIMO downlink, 4x4
uplink
 from a maximum of 16bps/Hz in R8 to
30 bps/Hz in R10
As an upgrade to LTE
 Rel 10 and later of LTE standards
 The true ‘4G’ by ITU standards
 UTRAN And UE upgrades
Internet
Mobile Core
Services
Services
HetNet
Small Cells
Collection Of Key Features for targeted
enhancements

8. 8
LTE-Advanced A Tiered Roll Out
Carrier
Aggregation
eICIC and
SON
Enhanced
MIMO
HetNet
support
 Interference Mitigation
 Data throughput -> 100
MHz BW
 Backhaul Issues ->
Relay Nodes
 Capacity addition ->
HetNet, SON

9. 9
9
Polling Question 1
5/14/2013
What is the key feature from LTE-Advanced arsenal
from an operator perspective?
a) Operators need eICIC for interference management
b) Operators need LTE-Advanced for better MIMO on Macro cells
c) LTE-Advanced enables “HetNet” Public Access Small Cells
d) I don’t know.

10. 10
Motives for Small Cell Deployments
Problem:
Data loads exceeding capacity
- Limited macro expansion and
cost
Increase capacity economically
by offloading to femtocells
Small Cells:
Provide localized capacity
- Expand overall capacity w/ lower
cost
Capacity
Problem:
Basic RF coverage holes
- Hotspot coverage – 3G/LTE/WIFI
-Rural areas “Greater Femto”
Small Cells:
Provide basic service coverage
- Enterprise deployments
- Alternative to RF repeaters
Coverage
Voice
Data
- Benefit: Increase capacity, increase coverage, with lower
CapEx, OpEx
Cost per
Mbit/s
Benefits: Reduce churn, increase
customer lifetime value

11. 11
Small Cells with LTE-Advanced
 With its powerful combination of capacity and coverage, LTE-
Advanced supports the growing relevance of small cells
 Robust LTE coverage in high density
 Tremendous Capacity gain via HetNet
 Higher data rates with CA
 eICIC techniques for interference
mitigation
Small cells are the
answer to increase
capacity and
coverage in
network
LTE-Advanced
brings out real Cost
per Mbit/s
advantages
Indoor, Public Access or
Multi mode small cells

12. 12
It is Not Just A Hype After all…
End user benefits
• Faster data connections
• Improved user
experience
• Extended coverage
• Higher Customer
Satisfaction
Operator benefits
• Improved Network
Efficiency
• High performance,
reduced cost per bit
• Increased customer
satisfaction
• Coverage via HetNet
• Capacity via small cells
• And better QoE driving
more revenues
All with an upgrade at UTRAN and UE side
No grounds up development
3G
5MHz
LTE
20MHz
LTE-A
20MHz
LTE-A
20MHz
3G
5MHz
LTE
20MHz
LTE-A
20MHz
LTE-A
20MHz
…3G
5MHz
Small cell
solutions
with carrier
aggregation
early 2014

13. 13
Agenda
 LTE Today
• Market Update and Operator View
• Video as the dominating application
 LTE-A Evolution: A Phased Rollout
• Advanced interference mitigation
• Multi-carrier support
• HetNet Era
 LTE-A and small cells combo can
usher in new era
• Public Access Small Cells
• Backhaul Technology
• Self-organizing networks
 LTE-Advanced Small Cells case
study
 Final thoughts
 Q&A

14. 14Airspan Confidential information
Airspan’s Innovation and Leadership in RAN

15. 15Airspan Confidential information
Small Cell Deployment Scenarios
Outdoor Pico - Wired Backhaul
Outdoor Pico - Wireless Backhaul
Indoor Pico - Wired Backhaul & Sync
Indoor Pico - Wireless Backhaul & Sync
Fiber Fiber
Fiber
Fiber
#1 #2
#3 #4

16. 16Airspan Confidential information
Small Cells and Cost per Mbit/s….
• Coverage and Capacity are good
reasons for small cell rollout, but
“killer applications” is reducing the
cost of delivering each Mbit/s
• Mobile Data Traffic growth is a
“zero-sum game”…
• Growth will be limited unless “cost per
Mbit/s” to deliver mobile data decline.
Macro cell costs are not declining..
• Small Cell deployment is the best
tool to lower mobile carrier CAPEX
and OPEX, if done right…
• starting with the Outdoor RAN…
• then into the Enterprise…
• and ultimately in the home….
Airspan Small Cells lower $$$ per Mbit/s
Mbit/s$$$

17. 17Airspan Confidential information
LTE-Advanced: SON and eICIC, the Small Cell Building Blocks
• Airspan is developing an early
implementation of LTE-Advanced
eICIC and SON.
• LTE-A HetNet built using key
features, namely;
• SON (powered by Qualcomm UltraSON
and Radisys SON Frameworks)
• Almost Blank Subframes (ABS)
• X2 communications between RRMs
• Soft Frequency Reuse (SFR)
• Distributed Inter-cell Interference
Coordination(ICIC)
• Cell Range Extension
• eICIC and SON solutions built upon
Rel 8/9 LTE features
• Now enhanced for LTE-A Release 10
eICIC
and SON
ABS
SFR
X2
ICIC
Baseline Release 8/9
LTE eNodeB
RE

18. 18Airspan Confidential information
LTE-Advanced: X2 Communications for eICIC
• At the heart of this LTE-Advanced eICIC is
extensive use of the X2 interface which
allows communications between RRMs
within each eNodeB.
• The X2AP interface was enhanced in Release 10
explicitly for eICIC and ABS
• X2 requires communications occur between
Macro and Pico, and Pico to Pico.
• The eICIC process ensures that traffic
scheduling by Macro and Pico eliminates
co-channel interference
• By stopping simultaneously use of time/frequency
resource blocks in locations where interference
would occur.
X2X2
X2
Release 10/11/12:
eICIC and SONX2 communications are
critical to LTE-A and Small
cell deployment.

19. 19Airspan Confidential information
Dynamic
Resource Block
Allocation
The Power of LTE-Advanced: eICIC and SON
• LTE-A eICIC and SON enables
aggressive deployment of LTE
small cells
• Allowing Time and Frequency
resource block re-use.
• Closely Coupled (Tri-sectored)
• Typically a Base Station with
multiple sectors that share the same
frequency. X2 communication over
Ethernet or internal messages
between sector RRMs
• Loosely Coupled (Omni)
• Auto-Optimizing and Configuring
cells that share the same spectrum
(i.e. N=1 re-use). X2
communications over wide-area
backhaul to other cells
All
Resource
Blocks
All
Resource
Blocks
All
Resource
Blocks
Loosely Coupled: Omni
Cells at different locations
Closely Coupled:
Sectors at same cell location
Dynamic
Resource Block
Allocation
Frequency
Time

20. 20Airspan Confidential information
LTE-Advanced: Small Cell Deployment Life Cycle
• Small cell deployment requires
LTE-Advanced eICIC and SON.
• Elimination of co-channel
Interference by inter-cell
coordination
• capacity enhancement by optimal
UE to eNodeB mapping
• Remove the need for Frequency
Planning by Self Optimisation and
Self Configuration
• Cells automatically get
configured using combination
SON server and in-built
“distributed” SON.
• Without impacting / interfering with
existing network
• Removes the need for complex
network design ahead of
deployment
Step 1:
Typical Tri-Sector Macro-cell
deployment. Release 8/9 ICIC auto
configures sector radio interfaces using
X2 comms between sectors and
dynamically schedules traffic. SON not
required. Uses SFR
Step 2:
“Omni” small cells added to the
deployment. Small cells impact
resource block mapping. Static SON
and eICIC re-configs to ensure optimal
mapping. Uses ABS Patterns in areas
of co-channel overlap.
Step 3:
Mass deployment of Small Cells.
Dynamic SON and eICIC also drive Tx
powers and Range Extension bias to
best optimize resources across the
network. Uses ABS Patterns in areas
of co-channel overlap.

21. 21Airspan Confidential information
Airspan + Radisys: Delivering Small Cells in 2013
• Radisys partnership is driving rapid implementation of core LTE-
Advanced Release 10 HetNet features
• Including eICIC and SON
• Protocol functionality from TotaleNodeB
• with Airspan differentiated feature extensions
• TeNB enables 3G UMTS and CDMA interworking features
• eHRPD: Inter-RAT Handover
• eCSFB for Voice fallback services

22. 22Airspan Confidential information
The Airspan LTE Small Cell Solution
AirSynergy 2000
Integrated Outdoor
Pico Cell
AirSynergy 1000
Indoor Enterprise Pico
Cell
Air4G
Compact Micro /
Pico Cell
AirCORE
Scalable EPC
Netspan
Element Management SystemIMS and
“The
Internet”
North-Bound
Mgmt Interface
(NBMIF)
SON

23. 23Airspan Confidential information
What other problem does AirSynergy solve?
• Scale 4G RAN Capacity
• Supports the creation of Heterogeneous
Networks (HetNets) to allow 1000x
capacity growth in advanced 4G
networks
• 4G for Enterprise & High Density
• Flexible solutions for Enterprise,
Shopping Malls, Airports locations.
• Avoids expensive and time consuming
deployment of DAS “Leaky-Feeder” in-
building solutions, or massive structured
cabling costs associated with low-power
Femto cells
• Sustainable 4G Rural Coverage
• Economically viable 4G mobile
broadband for low density and rural
areas.

24. 24Airspan Confidential information
Airspan HetNet = AirSON
• AirSON = Airspan Self Optimising Network
• AirSON facilitates co-channel deployment of small cells
• Macro and Pico Layers share the same channel or different channels
• Avoids underutilization of spectrum resource
• Maximises reuse, but adapting to environment
• Interference Reduction and Mitigation
• Reduces or Eliminates Inter-Cell interference
• Both Macro to Macro, Pico to Pico
• “Maps Out” cross-layer interference:
• Macro to Pico
• SON for Outdoor and Indoor Small Cells
• Air4G (Airspan Macro/Micro) and AirSynergy (Airspan Pico/Femto)
• Inter-vendor IOT and Backhaul SON integration in later releases
AirSON is designed to automatically configure Small cells to
maximize the capacity in the available frequency resource for
Access and any In-Band wireless Backhaul
SON

25. 25Airspan Confidential information
AirSON: for Hyper-Dense Small Cell LTE Networks
SON
AirSON enables the deployment of
Hyper-Dense Small Cell Networks
Autonomous, De-centralized SON: Plug and Play installation, and
Instant start-up, independent eNodeB SON processing
Mobility Management: Frequency Handover Control, Forward Handover,
Robust Mobility Signaling and Automatic Neighbor Relationship Discovery
Tx Power Control Management: Network Listen Tx Control, UE Tx
Power Measurement Collection Pilot Pollution reduction
Resource Sharing and Interference Mitigation: Release 10 eICIC,
Almost Blank Sub-frames and Cell Range Extension
Beam-Shaping Antenna Systems: Adaptive Antenna systems to assist
Tx Power control
Intelligent Backhaul: Combined Access and Backhaul resource
optimization. Multi-tier scheduling
Powered by
UltraSON™

26. 26Airspan Confidential information
AirSON: Features for LTE Small Cells
SON Feature Benefits
Plug and Play Configuration: Enables installation by low skill technician or end-user
with no or limited RF planning
Auto Configuration and Provisioning
Forward Handover: Reduce HO interruptions using pre-fetch
Reduces Handover failure in small cell deployments
Inter-RAT ANR: Establish Neighbor relations with other technologies
Neighbor Relations with 2G and 3G
Frequency HO Mitigation: Between Pico cells and between Macro and Pico cells
Prevents HO ping-pong between small cells
Tx Power and Antenna Pattern Adaption: Using Network Listen and UE
measurements
Change Tx power and Smart Antenna Patterns to
minimize interference (Pilot Pollution)
Automatic Neighbor Relations: Construct NR tables from Network Listen, UE
Measurements, X2 traffic
Enhanced ANR tables ensure better Handover
choices
PCI Self-Config and Collision Resolution: Choose PCI using Network Listen, X2 and
UE reports
Optimized PCI allocation reducing collisions
Self-Healing: Adapt network topology (power, antenna patterns etc..) to restore coverage
if small cell fails or is turned off
Rapid re-establishment of ANR when network
changes
Mobility Robustness Optimization: Optimize HO using power Boosting & smart
Scheduling
Reduce too early / too late / wrong cell HO
Resource Coordination and Interference Management: Using inter-cell resource
mapping (eICIC, scheduling and joint Tx PC)
Reduce integration using eICIC between Small Cells
and Macro and Pico
Mobility Load Balancing: Load Balance across small cells using MLB X2 framework
Load Balancing using small cells
Backhaul Management and Resource Balancing: End to End QoS, Resource
Balancing, Tx Power control and Antenna shaping
QoS and bandwidth matching between backhaul
and LTE Access

27. 27Airspan Confidential information
Summary
• Airspan’s Air4G and AirSynergy small cells are the world’s first LTE-
Advanced Ready small cell family
• Implementing both advanced SON and eICIC
• Our early LTE-A implementation is enabled by ToteleNodeB and
partnership between Airspan and Radisys, and our baseband vendor
Qualcomm.
• LTE-A enables small cells to provide Coverage, Capacity and most
importantly Cost reduction for providing mobile broadband services.
• AirSynergy and Air4G Small Cells shipping to carriers across the globe.
Available in many FDD and TDD bands
• 700 MHz – Band 12, 17, 13 and US Public Safety Band 14
• 800 MHz – Band 19, 20, 5, and 25
• 1700-2100 MHz – Band 3, 4, and 10
• 2.3 GHz – Band 40
• 2.6 GHz - Band 7 and Band 41 / 38
• 3.4-3.8 GHz – Band 42 and 43

28. 28
28
Polling Question 2
5/14/2013
Why deploy Public Access Small Cells?
a) Operators really need Public Access small cells for capacity
b) Operators will use Small Cells for Coverage fill-in
c) Public Access Small Cells reduce the cost of data
d) I don’t know.

29. 29
What’s next for LTE-Advanced
Powered Small Cells
Rel 8 Rel 9 Rel 10 Rel 11 Rel 12
 3GPP Release 12 - September 2014
 Small Cell enhancements focusing on
smooth integration in the macro network
 Address improved coordination between
small cells and macro, introducing dual
connectivity
 Operators with diverse spectrum holdings
to aggregate multiple smaller carriers
 Carrier aggregation enabled for improving
TD-LTE throughput
 Improved energy efficiency through
development of the Cloud RAN
Services

30. 30
Final Thoughts
 Smartphones are becoming the primary device for
internet access
 The HetNet shows a way to use small cells to
accommodate traffic growth and solve capacity and
coverage
 LTE-Advanced has become a necessity for these
deployments to ensure the real cost per bit
advantage
 Question and Answers…

31. 31
Thank You for Attending…
~Please fill out our short survey~
We Value Your Feedback
Please join us for the next webinar in this series -
11am ET:
Thursday, July 11 – The Telecom Cloud: Critical
Deployment Strategies
Register: www.radisys.com/Transform