The document discusses dengue fever in the Philippines, including: - Over 27,000 cases reported so far in 2022, down slightly from last year, with most cases in children aged 1-10. 172 deaths were reported. - The Department of Health's strategies include community education campaigns promoting cleaning of mosquito breeding sites, distributing mosquito traps, and coordinating with local governments. - Successfully controlling dengue requires an integrated approach including surveillance, community participation, environmental management, access to healthcare, and political/financial support for long-term programs.

1. DENGUE: Problem
Identification
 When left undetected and
untreated, dengue could lead to a
number of complications and even
death.
 Currently, no applicable/available
effective vaccine.
 Current climate change, and variable
vector behavior.

2. Burden of Disease
 DOH latest figures show a total of 27,071 dengue
cases recorded from January to June 11 this
year. This is 4.12 percent lower compared to the
same period last year (28,234).
 Ages of cases ranged from less than 1 month to
89 years old, with most (40%) belonging to the 1
to 10 years age group. Majority (53%) of the
cases were male. There were 172 deaths
reported.
 Most of the reported cases were from the
following regions: National Capital Region
(8,184), Region III or Central Luzon
(4,624), Region IV-A (3,935). In the National
Capital Region, most of the cases came from
Quezon City (2,017), Pasig City (970), and
Kalookan City (951).

3. Implications
 Social status is a significant factor in terms of who is affected
by the dengue fever. The impact of the outbreak was greater
for poor communities in the urban and semi-rural
areas, particularly for women who described themselves as
housewives and mothers, and their children. In addition, they
experienced the greatest loss of time as a consequence of
the outbreak.
 The main effect of the outbreak on work activities not
traditionally remunerated with money, such as
housework, was the inability of adult females in the
household to perform their routine activities to maintain family
life.
 Moreover, the monetary costs of health care absorbed a
significant percentage of the household weekly income.
 The impact on psychological well-being was related to the
stress produced by the clinical, social, and economic
consequences of the outbreak for women.

4. DOH Dengue Control
Program health problems during rainy
 One of the major
season is the incidence of Dengue Hemorrhagic
Fever. It occurs in all age groups. This disease
(transmitted by Aedes, a day-biting mosquito) is
preventable but is prevalent in urban centers where
population density is high, water supply is inadequate
(resulting to water storage and a good breeding place
for the vector), and solid waste collection and storing
are also inadequate.
 The thrust of the Dengue Control Program is
directed towards community-based prevention and
control in endemic areas. Major strategy is advocacy
and promotion, particularly the Four O’clock
Habit which was adopted by most LGUs. This is a
nationwide, continuous and concerted effort to
eliminate the breeding places of Aedes aegypti. Other

5. Four o clock Habit
 The Four-o'clock Habit (―4 o’clock habit‖) is an
initiative of the Philippine government that
requests residents to practice the cleaning of
their surroundings and draining water containers
to prevent the spread of mosquitoes, in support
of the Dengue Control Program and
the Malaria Control Program. This is also
known as ―operation kaya–kulub (upside down).‖
JUNE AS DENGUE PREVENTION MONTH
 SOCIAL With the month of June declared as
Dengue Awareness month, private companies
such as SNI Philippines are actively pitching in to
help the DOH combat dengue through
nationwide info drives.

6. STRATEGIES
 Dr. Lyndon Lee Suy, DOH program manager
of anti-dengue program, noted different
strategies in dengue prevention and control
program including the introduction Ovi-Larvi
Trap System, a mosquito trap and putting up
of insecticide-treated nets in the school
premises.
 Lee Suy called on the (SOCIAL) public to be
partners in cleaning their surroundings
particularly on possible breeding areas of
mosquitoes — stagnant water in refrigerator
containers, dish drainers, flower vases, and
gutters -- should be removed.

7. STRATEGIES
 ECONOMICAL/SOCIAL/POLITICAL
the DOH signed a memorandum of agreement
with barangay officials led by Liga ng Mga
Barangay who pledged that each member-
barangay will implement a dengue
prevention and control program coming
from their Internal Revenue Allotment
(IRA).
 Likewise, the DOH has renewed its call to the
public to consider their slogan: "Kilos Na!
Mag-4S Kontra Dengue!" and it 4S strategies
such as Search and destroy, Seek early
consultation, Self-protective measures and
Say no to indiscriminate fogging.

8. STRATEGIES: OVITRAPS
 The OL mosquito trap is a technology developed by
the Department of Science and Technology (DOST)
designed to reduce the population of the dengue-
carrying Aedes mosquitoes by attracting and killing their
eggs in a simple but proven effective system. This
technology will be distributed nationwide in cooperation
with the Department of Health (DOH).
 (Political) The Governor also encouraged his fellow
officials and local constituents to be involved and not
to wait until they become victims of the disease. He also
stated that the local government of Tacloban will
allocate funds to buy extra OL mosquito trap kit to
distribute to all houses specially the identified high
dengue risk areas.
 DOST and DOH will distribute 2,800 kits to each of the
16 regions of the country. National Capital
Region (NCR) will get a separate allocation of 5,200 OL
mosquito trap kits.

9. OVITRAP LAUNCHING
Local executives in Region VIII thumb up with DOST
Secretary Mario G. Montejo (third from right) and DOH
Secretary Enrique T. Ona (4th from right) to this new
dengue control and prevention program of the DOST and
DOH.

10. STRATEGIES: PROMOTION
 SOCIAL health promotion, since
health is a collective social good. The
paradigm for promotion is centered on
the principle that health is the greatest
resource for social, economic, and
personal development, as well as an
important dimension of the quality of
life. It also recognizes that
political, economic, social, cultural, e
nvironmental, behavioral and
biological factors can help a person's
health as much they can damage it.

11. STRATEGIES
 ECONOMICAL and SOCIAL holistic
vision of promotion. When it comes to
dengue, nothing is easy, simple, or
cheap. It is essential to promote
changes—behavioral changes—not
only in the community, but also in the
structure and organization of
prevention and control programs.They
have been successful or sustainable
over the years because of their very
costly vertical structure, based on
chemical control (the use of
insecticides),

12. STRATEGIES: COMMUNITY
INVOLVEMENT
 SOCIAL because they utilize
community participation and health
education only in epidemics and
emergencies.
 Community participation is normally
centered around mass clean-up
campaigns (trash removal), the
distribution of printed matter, and
mass radio and television campaigns
to disseminate information about the
vector, its breeding sites and the
disease.

13. STRATEGIES: BEHAVIOR
 SOCIAL Because dengue a problem
linked to the residential
environment, the existence of
breeding sites is due to specific
human behaviors
(individual, community, and
institutional), since any receptable
capable of holdingwater is a potential
breeding site for Aedes eggs.
 investigate, select, and
apply, appropriate to the situation of
each individual, family, or other
institutions outside the health sector.

14. STRATEGIES: POLITICAL
 POLITICAL Understanding the
linkages between global, national and
local level policymaking.
 PROPER REFERRAL SYSTEM
 – Impact of such policies on prudent
and equitable use of antibiotics and
other drugs.
 – Access to basic services by
vulnerable populations.
 ability to respond to key health issues

15. SOCIAL CULTURAL POLITICAL
 health management—integrated
control programs—is considered a
synergistic point

16. KEY POINTS
 Integrated epidemiological and entomological surveillance.
 Advocacy and implementation of intersectoral actions among
health, environment, and education, as well as other sectors such as
industry and trade in new materials, tourism, and the legislative and
judicial branches of government.
 Effective community participation.
 Environmental management and attention to basic services such as
water supply, wastewater disposal, solid waste management, and
the proper disposal of used tires.
 Patient care inside and outside the health system .
 Case notification (clinical cases, confirmed, cases of and deaths
from DHF, circulating serotypes).
 Incorporation of dengue/health into the formal education curriculum.
 Critical analysis of the function and use of insecticides.
 Formal training of health professionals and workers (from the
medical and social sectors).
 Emergency preparedness, setting up new mechanisms and
preparing to deal with outbreaks and epidemics.

17. SUMMARY OF STRATEGIES
 Strong leadership in program management.
 Political and financial support to provide continuity for interventions.
 Selective vector control based on effective social
communication, community participation, and environmental
management aimed at individual and collective behavior .
 Environmental management and related activities
(water, refuse, and solid waste).
 Active integrated surveillance based on an efficient, reliable health
information system (epidemiological and entomological).
 Medical care to patients inside and outside the health system, which
includes recognition of warning signs and appropriate responses .
 Evaluation tools that can periodically measure the effectiveness of
the action taken.
 Knowledge of the economic impact of the various components of the
prevention and control programs.
 Continuing education for human resources in the social and
biomedical sciences at all levels (from local to national)

18. IS THE PROGRAM
SUCCESSFUL?