This document provides an overview of a World Vision Tanzania project aimed at climate change adaptation and disaster risk reduction for pastoralist communities. It first discusses the impacts of climate change, including risks to agriculture, food security, and water-borne disease. It then outlines World Vision's approaches to climate change response through mitigation, adaptation, and advocacy efforts. The document focuses on a pilot project supporting pastoralist livelihoods in northern Tanzania through improving livestock health and marketing, natural resource management, alternative incomes, and conflict mitigation. Key challenges included tensions over limited water resources and grazing land.

1. World Vision Tanzania
Climate Change & Disaster
Risk Reduction
A Briefing Presentation at Regional
Stakeholders Workshop Nairobi, Kenya
23rd – 25th June 2010

2. Outline of the presentation
 Provide an overview of World Vision’s initial
approaches to Climate Change response
 Impacts of Climate Change
 WV involvement in addressing risks related to climate
change
 A brief overview of DRR project (Pastoralists Project)
 Challenges of the project

3. Overview
1. What is Climate Change?
A Working Definition
The change in the planet’s climate beyond
its natural variability.

4. Is Climate Change Happening?
• Twelve of the last thirteen years (1995-2007) rank among the 13
warmest years in the instrumental record of global surface
temperature (since 1850)
• The rate and duration of warming in the 20th century is greater
than in any of the previous nine centuries
• The 1990s were the warmest completed decade in the past
1,000 years
• In 2007 the Arctic Ocean’s sea ice reached a level so low that
the North-West passage opened up for the first time in history.
This is occurring again in late summer, 2008.

5. Impacts of Climate Change
• In Africa and Asia some countries face a continued very
high risk of food shortages from declines in crop
production due to temp increase
• In some African countries, yields from rain-fed agriculture
may be reduced by 50%
• 20-30% of plant and animal species studied to date are
likely to be at increased risk of extinction.
• Water-borne diseases expected to increase due to
temperature shifts and freshwater management difficulties

6. Climate Change makes
Development a risky business!!
• Disasters Destroy Development
• Agriculture and Food Security a most vulnerable sector
(More than 80% TZ are employed in this sector)
• Forget about making poverty history, Climate change will
make poverty permanent
Need to do something!

7. WV’s Current Approach to
Climate Change Response
Mitigation Adaptation
Public Engagement
& Advocacy

8. Mitigation
Those activities which reduce Greenhouse Gas:
CONCENTRATIONS
Largely through bio-
sequestration
– Reforestation
– Avoided Deforestation Mitigation
– Increased Agro-forestry
– Sustainable Agriculture
EMISSIONS
– Alternative energy
– High efficiency wood
stoves

9. Adaptation
What is climate change adaptation?
Climate change adaptation is
the increase of resilience to
the negative impacts of
climate change and reducing Adaptation
Vulnerability against the
hazards of climate change.

10. Public Engagement & Advocacy
Activities which support Developing World in:
Mitigation
• Rules which allow
participation in global
response and markets
• Encourage ALL global
citizens to engage (reduce
AND offset)
• Link Climate Change and
Poverty Reduction
Adaptation
• Funding, know-how and
technology
• Link Climate Change and
Public Engagement
Poverty Reduction.
& Advocacy

11. So What WV is doing to make Development
a less risky business?
• Standardise risk reduction practice into all high risk ADPs
(e.g. education, school safety, etc.) with appropriate
funding support (e.g.10% of ADP budgets)
• Ensure a proportion of all WV humanitarian funding is
allocated to “building back better “ post disaster in line with
UN / donor recommendations of 10%
• Integrating DRR into development programs

12. • Standardise Risk and Capacity assessment from
community to National level as a means of prioritising
scarce resources.
• Prioritise DRR and Climate Change Adaptation (CCA) as
a major action research and advocacy theme for WV.
• Establish CCA and Food Security as a new unit in WVT as
from October 2010, this unit is expected to be learning
centre for WV Offices in the region

13. Climate Change and Disaster Risk
Reduction
Climate Change and DRR are closely linked.
Climate change results to increase of disasters,
something is to be done to make the community more
resilient to these disasters
Existing methods and tools of disaster risk reduction
provides powerful capacities for adaptation to climate
change

14. Magugu Pastoralist Livelihood Initiative
Project (A Pilot DRR Project)
Location:
Northern part of Tanzania, Manyara Region, Babati District in
Mbugwe Division.
Project Goal:
To strengthen livestock and non-livestock based livelihoods
of pastoralist communities in Magugu ADP

15. Project Activities Address the following issues
• Scarcity of water sources
• Scarcity of livestock feeds
• Animal diseases
• Low genetic potential of the indigenous livestock for meat
and milk production
• Weak extension services
• Lack of input supply shops
• Poor marketing and processing infrastructure and
• Lack of rural credit facilities or linkages to other schemes.

16. Improving Livestock production, health and Marketing
• Promote upgrading of their local breeds
• Rehabilitate/build water points
• Train and equip CBAWHs: CBAHWs
• Train pastoralists in disease recognition, prevention,
treatment; use of EWS information; timely off-take
• Animal vaccination coverage
• Organize local markets and producers in association with
marketing groups and local government:

17. Improving Natural resource Management
• The environment of the target area has been devastated by
the recent drought, poor management practices and
invasive species
• The project facilitate to improve local natural resource
management, cooperate in cross border natural resource
management
• Plant live fencing around water points
• Establish/strengthen and train NRM committees on water,
soil and rangeland management
• Promote fuel-efficient cooking stoves

18. • Reclaim rangeland using prescribed burning or other
form of controlling invasive species and improve fodder
and forage species
• Establish conflict mitigation and peace building
committee (CMPBC) to alleviate conflict over shared
natural resources

19. Developing and supporting opportunities for
alternative source of income
• Drought and conflicts have destroyed the livestock assets
of many pastoralist households causing them to drop out of
pastoralism as an economic livelihood
• the capacity of civil society organizations in local
communities to develop viable alternatives is weak
• Training and access to financing for both micro-enterprise
development;

20. Developing and supporting opportunities for
alternative source of income
• Value-added activities to livestock- marketing animal milk,
food and leather products
• Expanding non-livestock sources of income through the
cultivation of appropriate commodities such as finger millet,
sorghum, water melons, beads and basket making, bee
keeping;
• Vegetable and other garden farming
• Support for water harvesting, conservation agriculture
techniques, and other technologies for improved on-farm
water management;

21. Strengthening Civil governance and Conflict Mitigation
• Co-ordinate Cross-border implementation plans, especially
as they relate to rangeland management, water
management, and conflict mitigation
• Cross-border peace and/or civil society groups will be
organized and/or engaged to receive training and work on
issues relevant to the local communities

22. Project Challenges
• The attitude of many livestock keepers to keep a large
number of herds lead to poor management of animals
hence contribute to often conflicts between farmers and
livestock keepers over natural resources.
• The project brought some tension in some of the villages
fighting for water which was meant for livestock (Do No
Harm)
• Allocated area for grazing purpose in some villages have
been re allocated for other activities such as farming. This
also brings conflict sometimes between farmers and
livestock keepers.
• Traditional beliefs that disasters are spiritually linked

23. Thank you