Cranfield University conducts internationally recognized research on water science, engineering and management. The university's Centre for Water Science has expertise in areas like biochemistry, risk assessment, water resources, sanitation, and more. Major challenges addressed by the research include billions lacking access to clean water and sanitation, agriculture's large water usage, and making production more sustainable while using less water. The research develops solutions for industries and aims to make water treatment more energy efficient and close material loops to recover resources like nutrients and energy from wastewater.

1. Water Science Research at Cranfield Simon Parsons Professor of Water Sciences

2. Internationally-recognized centre of excellence undertaking consultancy, research and training in science, engineering and management of water in the municipal, industrial and natural environments.

3. Centre for Water Science….expertise Biochem Engineering Risk Chemical Science Water Resources Water Sanitation Energy in W/WWT Int. water Development Chemical Engineering Water Management Membrane Science Water Policy Water Safety Plans Biological W/Water Treatment Water in Dev. Countries Agri-industry Water use Pollutants Water Treatment

5. 1.1 billion people lack access to a safe water supply … … inadequate quality …

6. … quantity

7. 2.2 billion people lack access to safe sanitation

9. Agriculture can use ~50% of all water abstracted

10. Should save 40-50% of water and improve product quality (Asda vs. Waitrose) Challenge is how to increase production without using more water

11. Making your cup of tea consumes 32.4 litres of water

12. http://www.waterfootprint.org/

13. So what are the major challenges facing the water industry?

14. 2004-06 drought was one of the worst in the last 100 years, hosepipe bans effected 16 million people

15. 30 - 40% of all tap water goes down the toilet

16. UK uses 750,000 tonnes of chemicals to treat drinking water and sewage each year 0.1% of the chemical recycled

17. Energy used to: Supply 1 million litres of water 586 kWh Treat 1 million litres of sewage 634 kWh 2-3% of UK total consumption Emission of greenhouse gas: Supply 1 Ml of water 0.289 tonnes Treat 1 Ml of sewage 0.406 tonnes 0.5% of individuals annual footprint

18. GHG out Treated Water Out Wastewater IN Energy IN Sludge out Traditional sewage treatment produces waste materials and use energy: Sewage works

20. Energy self-sufficiency

21. Fully automated works

22. 100% compliance

23. Reduce usage of electricity units by 25%

25. Council for Science and Technology, 2009

28. Council for Science and Technology, 2009

29. Council for Science and Technology, 2009

30. Council for Science and Technology, 2009

31. Council for Science and Technology, 2009

32. How to recover energy from sewage – a current approach from Severn Trent Water

33. However, there are egg digesters Technology is mature for large scale

34. Argentina Cambodia Venezuela & Brazil Lao And small digesters

35. Energy generation from food waste

36. Time for a rethink?Move to: A production facility:

37. What would we like to get to? Reuse water Wastewater IN Energy out Nutrients out Sewage works

38. Fortified anaerobic wastewater treatment could save energy wastewater polishing Primary sed. Second. sed. Effluent disposal Biogas Dewatering and re-use Influent split 25-65% into the anaerobic reactor Anaerobic reactor 44% savings in Energy

39. Full flow anaerobic MBR is moving towards energy neutral

40. What would we like to do? Reuse water Wastewater IN Energy out Nutrients out Sewage works

41. Is phosphorus just a problem, or can it be a resource? Source: United States Dept. of Agriculture Economic Research Centre

42. Struvite

43. Recovery

44. What would we like to do? Reuse water Wastewater IN Energy out Nutrients out Sewage works

45. Title

46. Nevada’s Lake Mead, the largest reservoir in the United

48. Water recycling is technically possible but challenge is social

49. Recovery and reuse of wastewater – need to be sure you know what's in it!

50. So what's my take home message about water at Cranfield? International leading research on sustainability is in water resources, energy and chemicals. Research is focussed on short and long terms solutions to municipal, industrial and agricultural needs. Run UK’s largest Water MSc programme producing 120 new graduates per year.

51. Thank you for listening Any questions? s.a.parsons@cranfield.ac.uk