Presentation at CIRN 2012

1. Inbound and Outbound
Information and Communication Flows:
Perspectives from Community Multimedia
Centres in Mozambique.
S a r a Va n n i n i , I s a b e l l a R e g a
NewMinE Lab – New Media in Education
Universit à della Svizze ra italia na , Lugano,
Switzerl a n d

2. RE-ACT

3. Social RE presentations of Community
M u l t i m e d i a C e n t r e s i n M oz a m b i q u e
and ACT i o n s f o r i m p r ov e m e n t
RE-ACT

4. UNESCO, 2000

5. …fostering equitable access to
i n f or ma ti on a n d k n o w l e d g e for
development, reduce the digital divide, promote
social inclusion, public p a r t ic ipa ti on ,
education, agriculture, health, etc..

6. Community
Multimedia
Centres
in
Mozambique
(2011)

7. Local Perspectives on
Information and Communication?

8. Social Representations
Moscovici, 1976

9. Social Representations
systems of values, ideas and practices, that
are shared among a given group
Moscovici, 1976

10. to establish how people
interpret their world
to enable people to
2 functions of SR communicate with
the other
members of the
community
Moscovici, 1976

11. Semiotic triangle of Social Representations
object
subject group
Bauer & Gaskell, 1999

12. Information and Communication
Jakobson, 19 6 0

13. (de)Codification of linguistic signs
Saussure, 1916

14. Semi-structured interviews
57 staff members
93 CMC whole users
72 radio-only users
8 non-users
110+ hours

15. CMC interpretative model
Values Ideas Practices People
Benefits of the CMC; Definitions of CMC, Community Interviewee media
Benefits of ICTs; Community Radio, involvement/ exposure;
Motivation to work Telecentre, support in the CMC; Staff Training.
in CMC; computer, Internet ; Promotion of CMC;
Motivation to use Improvements Synergies the CMC
CMC; needed in/ is able to create;
Reasons not to use challenges for the Usages of the
CMC. CMC; Community Radio;
Local denomination Usages of the
of CMC; Telecentre.
Services of the
Community Radio;
Services of the
Telecentre;
Services working
properly.

16. CMC interpretative model
Values Ideas Practices People
Benefits of the CMC; Definitions of CMC, Community Interviewee media
Benefits of ICTs; Community Radio, involvement/ exposure;
Motivation to work Telecentre, support in the CMC; Staff Training.
in CMC; computer, Internet ; Promotion of CMC;
Motivation to use Improvements Synergies the CMC
CMC; needed in/ is able to create;
Reasons not to use challenges for the Usages of the
CMC. CMC; Community Radio;
Local denomination Usages of the
of CMC; Telecentre.
Services of the
Community Radio;
Services of the
Telecentre;
Services working
properly.

17. In-bound
Out-bound
Shared within the community

18. Results
In- Shared Out- Tot
bound bound
Radio 45.1% 36.6% 5.5% 87.2%
Communication 0.0% 20.9% 3.0% 23.8%
Information 45.1% 15.7% 2.6% 63.4%
Telecentre 6.8% 0.4% 0.4% 7.7%
Communication 0.0% 0.4% 0.4% 0.9%
Information 6.8% 0.0% 0.0% 6.8%
ICTs 3.8% 0.0% 1.3% 5.1%
Communication 0.0% 0.0% 1.3% 1.3%
Information 3.8% 0.0% 0.0% 3.8%
TOT % 55.7% 37.0% 7.2% 100.0%
TOT count 131 87 17 235

19. Results
In- Shared Out- Tot
bound bound
Radio 45.1% 36.6% 5.5% 87.2%
Communication 0.0% 20.9% 3.0% 23.8%
Information 45.1% 15.7% 2.6% 63.4%
Telecentre 6.8% 0.4% 0.4% 7.7%
Communication 0.0% 0.4% 0.4% 0.9%
Information 6.8% 0.0% 0.0% 6.8%
ICTs 3.8% 0.0% 1.3% 5.1%
Communication 0.0% 0.0% 1.3% 1.3%
Information 3.8% 0.0% 0.0% 3.8%
TOT % 55.7% 37.0% 7.2% 100.0%
TOT count 131 87 17 235

20. news

21. “…the people here need to know
what is happening.
They need to get information about
other part of the world…”
Chitima, Non-user3
news

22. local

23. local
“everyone pays attention because they have
programs in Portuguese and programs in
the Emakwa language,
it is for that that the communities listen”
Chiure, User1

24. e-government

25. e-government
“I think the radio created this
space to let people stay close
to the Government, and to let
them know that not
everything that is happening
is against the population and
when the Government does
something, they know that
the Radio is going to
broadcast it”
Chiure, User3

26. economic development

27. economic development
“most of all for the agriculture, it is one
of the mass communication mean to tell
when is the appropriate sowing time,
when is the appropriate time for the
harvest,what the peasant has to prepare
for the land to be productive”
Cuamba, Non-user2

28. Informal learning

29. Informal learning
children rights
programs for young people about talents
and debates
programs for women (rights)

30. Results
In- Shared Out- Tot
bound bound
Radio 45.1% 36.6% 5.5% 87.2%
Communication 0.0% 20.9% 3.0% 23.8%
Information 45.1% 15.7% 2.6% 63.4%
Telecentre 6.8% 0.4% 0.4% 7.7%
Communication 0.0% 0.4% 0.4% 0.9%
Information 6.8% 0.0% 0.0% 6.8%
ICTs 3.8% 0.0% 1.3% 5.1%
Communication 0.0% 0.0% 1.3% 1.3%
Information 3.8% 0.0% 0.0% 3.8%
TOT % 55.7% 37.0% 7.2% 100.0%
TOT count 131 87 17 235

31. “before having the radio when someone died you
had to send someone to notice it to the family, but
now if someone dies, you can just transmit an
announcement through the radio”
Chitima, Staff1
“it is important because without the
radio there is no communication
with the people of the community
that live more distant”
Cuamba, User8

32. Results
In- Shared Out- Tot
bound bound
Radio 45.1% 36.6% 5.5% 87.2%
Communication 0.0% 20.9% 3.0% 23.8%
Information 45.1% 15.7% 2.6% 63.4%
Telecentre 6.8% 0.4% 0.4% 7.7%
Communication 0.0% 0.4% 0.4% 0.9%
Information 6.8% 0.0% 0.0% 6.8%
ICTs 3.8% 0.0% 1.3% 5.1%
Communication 0.0% 0.0% 1.3% 1.3%
Information 3.8% 0.0% 0.0% 3.8%
TOT % 55.7% 37.0% 7.2% 100.0%
TOT count 131 87 17 235

33. Geographically restricted

34. Geographically restricted
“before the radio was here it was an extinguished
world, you did not know whether we existed”
Chiure, User8
“there in Nampula they are listening that someone
died in the island so it is very important to have the
radio”
Ilha de Moçambique, User2

35. Community Radio
I&C Enabler for All

36. Results
In- Shared Out- Tot
bound bound
Radio 45.1% 36.6% 5.5% 87.2%
Communication 0.0% 20.9% 3.0% 23.8%
Information 45.1% 15.7% 2.6% 63.4%
Telecentre 6.8% 0.4% 0.4% 7.7%
Communication 0.0% 0.4% 0.4% 0.9%
Information 6.8% 0.0% 0.0% 6.8%
ICTs 3.8% 0.0% 1.3% 5.1%
Communication 0.0% 0.0% 1.3% 1.3%
Information 3.8% 0.0% 0.0% 3.8%
TOT % 55.7% 37.0% 7.2% 100.0%
TOT count 131 87 17 235

37. “…in the computer there is a lot of information we
can get”
Cuamba, Non-user1

38. “because people go there, in the Internet, and look
for information, and inform the community, and
the community is fulfilled in listening to the things
that who went to use the Internet found”
Cuamba, Non-User4

39. Results
In- Shared Out- Tot
bound bound
Radio 45.1% 36.6% 5.5% 87.2%
Communication 0.0% 20.9% 3.0% 23.8%
Information 45.1% 15.7% 2.6% 63.4%
Telecentre 6.8% 0.4% 0.4% 7.7%
Communication 0.0% 0.4% 0.4% 0.9%
Information 6.8% 0.0% 0.0% 6.8%
ICTs 3.8% 0.0% 1.3% 5.1%
Communication 0.0% 0.0% 1.3% 1.3%
Information 3.8% 0.0% 0.0% 3.8%
TOT % 55.7% 37.0% 7.2% 100.0%
TOT count 131 87 17 235

40. Results
In- Shared Out- Tot
bound bound
Radio 45.1% 36.6% 5.5% 87.2%
Communication 0.0% 20.9% 3.0% 23.8%
Information 45.1% 15.7% 2.6% 63.4%
Telecentre 6.8% 0.4% 0.4% 7.7%
Communication 0.0% 0.4% 0.4% 0.9%
Information 6.8% 0.0% 0.0% 6.8%
ICTs 3.8% 0.0% 1.3% 5.1%
Communication 0.0% 0.0% 1.3% 1.3%
Information 3.8% 0.0% 0.0% 3.8%
TOT % 55.7% 37.0% 7.2% 100.0%
TOT count 131 87 17 235

41. “…we want to talk to you, we want to talk to people
and have friends abroad…”
Chiure, User3

42. Telecentre
I&C for élites?

43. Results
In- Shared Out- Tot
bound bound
Radio 45.1% 36.6% 5.5% 87.2%
Communication 0.0% 20.9% 3.0% 23.8%
Information 45.1% 15.7% 2.6% 63.4%
Telecentre 6.8% 0.4% 0.4% 7.7%
Communication 0.0% 0.4% 0.4% 0.9%
Information 6.8% 0.0% 0.0% 6.8%
ICTs 3.8% 0.0% 1.3% 5.1%
Communication 0.0% 0.0% 1.3% 1.3%
Information 3.8% 0.0% 0.0% 3.8%
TOT % 55.7% 37.0% 7.2% 100.0%
TOT count 131 87 17 235

44. Thank you!
s ara.vannini@usi.ch
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