3. Surgical Procedure STEP 1: INITIAL SURGERY STEP 2: OSSEOINTEGRATION PERIOD STEP 3: ABUTMENT CONNECTION STEP 4: FINAL PROSTHETIC RESTORATION Success Rates lower jaw, front – 90 – 95% lower jaw, back – 85 – 90% upper jaw, front – 85 – 95% upper jaw, back – 65 – 85%

4. History of Dental Implants In 1952, Professor Per-Ingvar Branemark, a Swedish surgeon, while conducting research into the healing patterns of bone tissue, accidentally discovered that when pure titanium comes into direct contact with the living bone tissue, the two literally grow together to form a permanent biological adhesion. He named this phenomenon "osseointegration".

5. First Implant Design by Branemark All the implant designs are obtained by the modification of existing designs. John Brunski

6. Comparison of Implant Systems Astra Tech. ITI Bicon

19. Elastic-plastic large displacement non-linear contact finite element analysis for different insertion depths Stress (MPA) % Strain Bilinear Isotropic Hardening Model

21. Von Mises Stress Distribution in the Implant Yield Strength of Ti-6Al-4V 139,236 Psi

22. Von Mises Stress Distribution in the Bone Yield Strength of Bone 8,702 Psi