Satellite applications can be categorized into four main types: communication satellites, navigation satellites, observation satellites, and weather satellites. Communication satellites allow for radio, television, and telephone transmissions globally. Navigation satellites like GPS use timing signals from satellites to precisely determine location. Observation satellites are used for non-military purposes like environmental monitoring and map making. Weather satellites scan Earth with instruments to form images of cloud cover, temperatures, and weather systems.
2. Since Sputnik 1 has been launched from Soviet’s in 1957 , thousands
of satellites have been launched into orbit around the Earth.
Satellites are being used for a large number of purposes.Many types
including military and civilian Earth observation satellites ,
communication satellites , navigation satellites and weather
satellites.
We’re going to observe the main usages of satellites in world in this
presentation.
ABSTRACT
4. a satellite is an artificial object which has been
intentionally placed into orbit. Such objects are
sometimes called artificial satellites to
distinguish them from natural satellites such as
the Moon
The world's first artificial satellite, the Sputnik
1, was launched by the Soviet Union in 1957
Satellites : At-a-Glance
5. Satellites are being used for a large number
of purposes
Space stations and human spacecraft in
orbit are also satellites
About 6,600 satellites have been launched.
The latest estimates are that 3,600 remain in
orbit.Of those, about 1000 are operational (
active)
Satellites : At-a-Glance
6. Satellites are propelled by rockets to their
orbits. Usually the launch vehicle itself is a
rocket lifting off from a launch pad on land
Satellites are usually semi-independent
computer-controlled systems. Satellite
subsystems attend many tasks, such as power
generation, thermal control etc ..
Satellites : At-a-Glance
7. Satellites has been an interest to military as
nowadays it’s a big and important service
There’s three basic non-military satellite
services :
Fixed satellite services
Mobile satellite systems
Scientific research satellites (commercial and
noncommercial)
Satellite Applications
8. Fixed satellite services
Handle hundreds of billions of voice, data, and
video transmission tasks across all countries
and continents between certain points on the
Earth's surface
Satellite Applications
9. Mobile satellite systems
Help connect remote regions,
vehicles, ships, people and
aircraft to other parts of the
world and/or other mobile or
stationary communications units,
in addition to serving as
navigation systems.
Satellite Applications
10. Scientific research satellites (commercial and
noncommercial)
Scientific research satellites provide
meteorological information, land survey data
(e.g. remote sensing), Amateur Radio, and
other different scientific research applications
such as earth science, marine science, and
atmospheric research.
Satellite Applications
11. Communications satellites allow radio,
television, and telephone transmissions to be
sent live anywhere in the world. Before
satellites, transmissions were difficult or
impossible at long distances.
Communication Satellites
13. The signals, which travel
in straight lines, could
not bend around the
round Earth to reach a
destination far away .
Because satellites are in
orbit, the signals can be
sent instantaneously into
space and then
redirected to another
satellite or directly to
their destination.
Communication Satellites
15. A satellite navigation or sat nav system
is a system of satellites that provide
autonomous geo-spatial positioning
with global coverage.
It allows small electronic receivers to
determine their location to high
precision (within a few metres)
using time signals transmitted along
a line of sight by radio from satellites
Navigation Satellites
16. The signals also allow the electronic receivers
to calculate the current local time to high
precision, which allows time synchronisation.
A satellite navigation system with global
coverage may be termed a global navigation
satellite system or GNSS.
Navigation Satellites
17. GPS
The United States' Global Positioning System
(GPS) consists of up to 32 medium Earth
orbit satellites in six different orbital planes,
with the exact number of satellites varying as
older satellites are retired and replaced.
Operational since 1978 and globally available
since 1994, GPS is currently the world's most
utilized satellite navigation system.
Navigation Satellites
19. Observation Satellites
Earth observation satellites are
satellites specifically designed to
observe Earth from orbit, similar
to spy satalites but intended for non-
military uses such
as environmental monitoring, meteo
rology, map making etc.
20. The single location where we can
learn the most about our planet is
found nowhere on Earth but high up
above it.
The ability to fly satellites into space
has changed all our lives in many
ways, but the single greatest
innovation has been the availability
of new ways of seeing the world that
satellites leave behind.
Observation Satellites
ERS2
21. Most Earth observation satellites
carry instruments that should be
operated at a relatively low altitude
Observation Satellites
22. single satellite image has the
potential to show the spread of air
pollution across a continent, the
precise damage done in a region
struck by an earthquake or forest
fires, or the entire span of a 500-km
hurricane from the calmness of its
eye to its outermost storm fronts.
Observation Satellites
23. this monitoring of the Earth’s
environment will enable a reliable
assessment of the global impact of
human activity and the likely future
extent of climate change.
Observation Satellites
24. A different type of instrument
named a altimeter records very
precisely the time it takes for a
microwave or laser pulse to be
bounced back to the satellite,
measuring both land and sea height
to an accuracy of a few centimetres.
Observation Satellites
29. Observation
Visible and Near Infrared: 0.6
μm – 1.6 μm – For recording
cloud cover during the day
Infrared: 3.9 μm – 7.3 μm
(Water Vapour), 8.7 μm, – 13.4
μm (Thermal imaging)
Weather Satellite
30. Weather satellites carry
instruments called
radiometers (not cameras)
that scan the Earth to form
images. These instruments
usually have some sort of
small telescope or antenna, a
scanning mechanism, and
one or more detectors that
detect either visible, infrared,
or microwave radiation for
the purpose of monitoring
weather systems around the
world
Weather Satellite
32. Geostationary
Geostationary weather
satellites orbit the Earth above
the Equator at altitudes of
35,880 km (22,300 miles).
Because of this orbit, they
remain stationary with respect
to the rotating Earth
Weather Satellite
33. Polar orbiting
Polar satellites are in sun-
synchronous orbits , which
means they are able to observe
any place on Earth and will
view every location twice each
day with the same general
lighting conditions due to the
near-constant local solar time
Weather Satellite
34. Polar orbiting
Polar orbiting weather
satellites offer a much better
resolution than their
geostationary counterparts
due their closeness to the
Earth.
Weather Satellite
