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Ornamentals and Flowers
                                                                                                                                                                  Mar. 2008
                                                                                                                                                                      OF-42



                                                                    Xeriscape Plants
                                                                       Melvin Wong
	
                                                        Department of Tropical Plant and Soil Sciences
	

      ecause most of Hawai‘i’s hotels, shopping centers,                                           development of a deep root system and decreased fertil-
B     office buildings, and residences are located on the
dry, hot leeward sides of the islands, many of their land-
                                                                                                   izer levels.
                                                                                                   	 Many xeriscape plants are hardy and drought toler-
scape plants are xeriscape plants, even though irrigation                                          ant but not necessarily attractive. Examples are milo,
is usually available. Xeriscape plants include most of the                                         neem, gular, Java plum, kiawe, yellow poinciana, silver
coastal native plants and beach plants.                                                            oak, looking glass, chinaberry, mahogany, octopus, date
   Rainforest plants suffer in hot, dry weather. In similar                                        palm, ironwood, hau, and wiliwili (trees), and beach
fashion, xeriscape plants may often suffer in wet condi-                                           naupaka, blue vitex, oleander, cardboard palm, Indian
tions. For example, mock orange is very vulnerable to                                              hawthorn, and yeddo hawthorn (shrubs). Other xeri-
root rot in poorly drained soil or landscapes with exces-                                          scape plants are attractive or have unique and desirable
sive irrigation.                                                                                   features with different degrees of drought tolerances.
   The landscape committee of a Kāhala condominium                                                 Examples of such trees are California pepper, weeping
was not satisfied with the maintenance of their facility                                           red bottlebrush, karum, variegated Chinese banyan, white
and recommended to their grounds foreman to increase                                               opiuma, Formosan koa, Cook or Norfolk pines, rainbow
the irrigation. The foreman did just that and succeeded                                            shower, coconut, lignum vitae, St. Thomas orchid, silver
in causing root rot to mock orange, Natal plum, and                                                buttonwood, calabash, Australian tea, blue latan palm,
privet.                                                                                            Canary Island date palm, dwarf date palm, plumeria,
   Enchanted Lake has a heavy clay soil that does not                                              silver tecoma, queen palm, gold tree, autograph, true and
dry out quickly once wet. As this is a dry area where                                              false kamani, mahagoni, tamarind, and Madagascar olive.
frequent watering is necessary, hibiscus, croton, Natal                                            Examples of shrubs are Raspberry Ice bougainvillea,
plum, privet, and mock orange suffer from root rot in a                                            Hula Girl hibiscus, spider lily, daylily, enchantress haw-
similar fashion. Amending the soil is not cost effective.                                          thorn, candlebush, Cape honeysuckle, dwarf poinciana,
But even with this difficult soil, beach naupaka grew                                              stephanotis, sandpaper vine, allamanda, purple bignonia
well and looked good. Therefore, I recommended that                                                vine, mandevilla, yellow mandevilla vine, Japanese
susceptible shrubs be replaced with beach naupaka.                                                 honeysuckle, orange blanchetiana bromeliad, variegated
   Several succulent ground covers, such as hottentot                                              pineapple, and Texas Ranger.
fig, ice plant, hearts and flowers, and bacopa suffer from                                            Finding effective and attractive ground covers with
Rhizoctonia even when watered normally. The xeriscape                                              drought tolerance is not easy. My preferences are African
ground covers of Madagascar periwinkle and dwarf                                                   lily, Madagascar periwinkle, the green form of spider
oyster plant will be damaged from Phytophthora foliar                                              plant, false heather, trailing lantana, bird nest sanseviera,
rot if the foliage is wet by the irrigation system.                                                and beach vitex. Many drought tolerant vines can also be
   Salinity damage can be a problem during hot, dry                                                added to this list of ground covers. In the future, when
conditions if irrigation is not adequate. Developing a                                             water becomes scarce, brackish water may be required
deep root system by watering deeply and not allowing                                               for landscape uses. Therefore, xeriscape plants with salt
the lower soil layers to dry out is extra insurance against                                        tolerance will become important. The following lists of
salinity damage. Therefore, proper irrigation is impor-                                            plants is provided to help you choose xeriscape plants.
tant in hot, dry weather to avoid root and foliar rot with                                         It is not a complete list. You may add or delete as you
excessive watering and to avoid salinity damage through                                            choose.

Published by the College of Tropical Agriculture and Human Resources (CTAHR) and issued in furtherance of Cooperative Extension work, Acts of May 8 and June 30, 1914, in coopera-
tion with the U.S. Department of Agriculture. Andrew G. Hashimoto, Director/Dean, Cooperative Extension Service/CTAHR, University of Hawai‘i at Mänoa, Honolulu, Hawai‘i 96822.
An equal opportunity/affirmative action institution providing programs and services to the people of Hawai‘i without regard to race, sex, age, religion, color, national origin, ancestry, dis-
ability, marital status, arrest and court record, sexual orientation, or status as a covered veteran. CTAHR publications can be found on the Web site <http://www.ctahr.hawaii.edu/freepubs>.
UH–CTAHR                                                                 Xeriscape Plants                                                     OF-42 — Mar. 2008



Trees
Acacia confusa ...................................................................................................................................... Formosan koa
	
Bauhinia binata

Bauhinia blakeana ......................................................................................................................... Hong Kong orchid
	
Bauhinia monandra ........................................................................................................................St. Thomas orchid
	
Bauhinia variegata

Bucida buceras .............................................................................................................................................geometry
	
Callistemon citrinus .............................................................................................................. weeping red bottlebrush
	
Cassia x Nealiae ‘Wilhelmina Tenny’
	
Casuarina equisetifolia .................................................................................................................................ironwood
	
Catalpa longissima .................................................................................................................................... yoke-wood
	
Cerbera manghas ............................................................................................................................................. cerbera
	
Clusia rosea ................................................................................................................................................. autograph
	
Crescentia cujete ............................................................................................................................................ calabash
	
Enterolobium cyclocarpum ...............................................................................................................................earpod
	
Guaiacum officinale ................................................................................................................................lignum vitae
	
Gymnostoma papuanum 

Hypphorbe lagenicaulis .............................................................................................................................bottle palm
	
Mimusops caffra

Mimusops elengi .............................................................................................................................................. pogada
	
Olea europaea subsp. Europaea .......................................................................................................................... oliva
	
Peltopohorum pterocarpum ..............................................................................................................yellow poinciana
	
Phoenix canariensis ..............................................................................................................Canary Island date palm
	
Pimenta dioica .................................................................................................................................................allspice
	
Pithecellobium dulce ‘Variegata’ ........................................................................................................... white opiuma
	
Plumeria rubra ...............................................................................................................................................plumeria
	
Pongamia pinnata ............................................................................................................................................. karum
	
Prosopis pallida ................................................................................................................................................. kiawe
	
Pterocarpus indicus ............................................................................................................................................ narra
	
Schinus molle ...................................................................................................................................California pepper
	
Schinus terebinthifolius .......................................................................................................................Christmasberry
	
Sterculia foetida ..........................................................................................................................................Java olives
	
Sterculia urens .................................................................................................................................................... gular
	
Swietenia mahagoni .................................................................................................................................... mahogany
	
Thevetia peruviana ...........................................................................................................................................be-still
	
Thevetia peruviana var. aurantiaca .............................................................................................salmon-pink be-still
	

Shrubs
Agave attenuate ................................................................................................................................dragon tree agave
	
Allamanda schotti ...............................................................................................................................bush allamanda
	
Allamanda cathartica var. hendersonii ...................................................................................................... allamanda
	
Anisacanthus thurberi ....................................................................................................................desert honeysuckle
	
Bauhinia galpinii .............................................................................................................................red bauhinia vine
	
Bougainvillea ‘Raspberry Ice’ ...............................................................................................raspberry bougainvillea
	
Bougainvillea spectabilis ............................................................................................................. brazil bougainvillea
	
Calotropis gigantean .............................................................................................................................. crown flower
	
Caesalpinia pulcherrima ................................................................................................................... dwarf poinciana
	
Carissa macrocarpa .................................................................................................................................. Natal plum
	
2
UH–CTAHR                                                                 Xeriscape Plants                                                     OF-42 — Mar. 2008



Crinum asiaticum ........................................................................................................................................spider lily
	
Dietis bicolor ............................................................................................................................................ African iris
	
Ficus microcarpa var. crassifolia .................................................................................................................wax ficus
	
Galphimia gracilis .......................................................................................................................................galphimia
	
Gardenia taitensis ............................................................................................................................Tahitian gardenia
	
Grewia occidentalis .......................................................................................................................lavender starflower
	
Jasminum multiflorum ............................................................................................................................. star jasmine
	
Leptospermum scoparium	 ................................................................................................................New Zealand tea
	
Leucophyllum frutescens cv. Texas Ranger ........................................................................................... Texas Ranger
	
Ligustrum japonicum ...........................................................................................................................Japanese privet
	
Marsdenia floribunda ................................................................................................................................stephanotis
	
Murraya paniculata ................................................................................................................................ mock orange
	
Nerium oleander ............................................................................................................................................ oleander
	
Petrea volubilis ....................................................................................................................................sandpaper vine
	
Plumbago auriculata ........................................................................................................................... blue plumbago
	
Pseuderanthemum curruthersii var. atropurpureum ........................................................... purple false eranthemum
	
Pseuderanthemum curruthersii var. reticulatum ......................................yellow veined false eranthemum, eldorado
	
Pseuderanthemum curruthersii var. variegatum ...........................................................variegated false eranthemum
	
Rhaphiolepis x delacourii ......................................................................................................... enchantress hawthorn
	
Rhaphiolepis indica .......................................................................................................................... Indian hawthorn
	
Rhaphiolepis umbellate var. integerrima ........................................................................................... yeddo hawthorn
	
Russulia equisetiformis ...............................................................................................................................coral plant
	
Senna alata ............................................................................................................................................... candle bush
	
Tabernaemontana divaricata ................................................................................................................crepe jasmine
	
Tecoma capensis ..............................................................................................................................cape honeysuckle
	
Thunbergia erecta .............................................................................................................................. bush thunbergia
	
Turnea ulmifolia ....................................................................................................................................... yellow alder
	
Vitex trifolia var. variegate .........................................................................................................variegated blue vitex
	

Native shrubs
Canthium odoratum	 ..........................................................................................................................................alahe’e
	
Dodonaea viscose	 .............................................................................................................................................. ‘a‘ali‘i
	
Hibiscus arnottianus	 ................................................................................... Hawaiian white hibiscus, koki‘o ke‘oke‘o
	
Hibiscus calyphyllus	 .........................................................................................ma‘o hau hele, Rock’s Kauai hibiscus
	
Myoporum sandwicense ....................................................................................................................................... naio
	
Osteomeles anthyllidifolia	 ....................................................................................................................................‘ülei
	
Scaevola sericea .................................................................................................................................. beach naupaka
	
Vitex rotundifolia ...................................................................................................................pohinahina, beach vitex
	
Wikstroemia uva-ursi	 ...........................................................................................................................................‘äkia
	

Groundcovers
Aloe barbadensis ‘Vera’ ........................................................................................................orange form of aloe vera
	
Alternanthera tenella ..................................................................................................................................... joyweed
	
Aptenia cordifolia ...........................................................................................................................hearts and flowers
	
Asystasia gangetica .................................................................................................................................. coromandel
	
Catharanthus roseus .............................................................................................................. Madagascar periwinkle
	
Chlorophytum comosum	 .................................................................................................... green form of spider plant
	
Crassula ‘Flame’ ................................................................................................................................... flame crassula
	

                                                                                                                                                                       3
UH–CTAHR                                                                Xeriscape Plants                                                    OF-42 — Mar. 2008



Cuphea hyssopifolia .................................................................................................................................false heather
	
Graptopetalum paraguayense

Kalanchoe blossfeldiana ..............................................................................................................................kalanchoe
	
Kalanchoe fedtschenkoi

Lantana camara ‘Flava’ ............................................................................................................................ yellow sage
	
Lantana camara ‘Mista’ ..................................................................................................................mista yellow sage
	
Lantana montevidensis	 ....................................................................................................................... trailing lantana
	
Lonicera japonica	 ..................................................................................................................... Japanese honeysuckle
	
Rhoeo spathacea	 ....................................................................................................................................... oyster plant
	
Rhoeo spathacea ‘Dwarf’ ............................................................................................................... dwarf oyster plant
	
Sanseviera trifasciata	 ................................................................................................................................snake plant
	
Sedum x rubrotinctum	 .........................................................................................................................pork and beans
	

Landscape plumeria cultivars
Carmen
Common Yellow
Dwarf Singapore
Dwarf Pink Singapore
Duke
East West Center #3
Hilo Beauty
Jean Moragne
Kauka Wilder
King Kalakaua
Maui Beauty
Samoan Fluff
Sherman
Tomlinson
White Shell

Used for landscaping because of the flowers
Little Pink Pansy
Kimo
Moir
Nebel Rainbow

Succulents

Agavaceae
Agave americana	 ....................................................................................................................................century plant
	
Agave augustifolia ‘Marginata’ ........................................................................................variegated Caribbean agave
	
Agave attenuate	................................................................................................................................dragon tree agave
	
Dracaena marginata	.................................................................................................................................. money tree
	
Fucraea foetida ‘Medio-picta’ ............................................................................................................Mauritius hemp
	
Fucraea gigantean ‘Striata’
	
Fucraea sallow marginata

Nolina recurvata	 ............................................................................................................................................pony tail
	
Sanseviera trifasciata ‘Hahnii’ .................................................................................................. bird’s nest sanseviera
	

4
UH–CTAHR                                                               Xeriscape Plants                                                   OF-42 — Mar. 2008



Yucca elephantipes	 ............................................................................................................................. spineless yucca
	

Cactaceae
Echinocactus grusonii	 .......................................................................................................................... golden barrels
Echinocereus rigidissimus
Mammillaria ceisiana	 ..................................................................................................................... showy pincushion
Mammillaria parkinsonii	 .............................................................................................................................owl’s eyes
Soehrensis ingens

Crassulaceae
Crassula ‘Flame’
Graptopetalum paraguayense
Kalanchoe beharensis	 .................................................................................................................................... felt bush
Kalanchoe blossfeldiana	..............................................................................................................................kalanchoe
Kalanchoe feltschenkoi
Sedum x rubrotinctum

Euphorbiaceae
Acalypha godseffiana
Acalypha hispida ................................................................................................................................... chenille plant
	
Acalypha wilkesiana .................................................................................................................................. copper leaf
	
Codiaeum variegatum ........................................................................................................................................croton
	
Euphorbia lactea ...............................................................................................................................dragon-bone tree
	
Euphorbia milii ...................................................................................................................................crown of thorns
	
Euphorbia pulvinata .......................................................................................................................cushion euphorbia
	

Liliaceae
Aloe barbadensis ‘Vera’ ........................................................................................................orange form of aloe vera
	
Asparagus densiflorus ‘Myers’ .........................................................................................................foxtail asparagus
	
Asparagua densiflorus ‘Sprengeri’ ................................................................................................ sprenger asparagus
	
Chlorophytum comosum	 .................................................................................................... green form of spider plant
	
Crinum asiaticum	 ........................................................................................................................................spider lily
	
Hemerocallis aurantiaca	 ........................................................................................................ golden summer daylily
	
Ophiopogon jaburan ‘Vittatus’ ...............................................................................................................white lilyturf
	

Xeriscape plants in the Acanthaceae family
Anisacanthus thurberi ....................................................................................................................desert honeysuckle
	
Asystasia gangetica .................................................................................................................................. coromandel
	
Graptophyllum pictum ........................................................................................................................ caricature plant
	
Graptophyllum pictum ‘Eldorado’ ....................................................................................... eldorado caricature plant
	
Hemigraphis aurantiaca ..............................................................................................................................metal leaf
	
Justicia brandegeana ...............................................................................................................................shrimp plant
	
Pseuderanthemum carruthersii ‘Atropurpureum’ ................................................................ purple false eranthemum
	
Pseuderanthemum carruthersii ‘Reticulatum’ ......................................................... yellow-veined false eranthemum
	
Pseuderanthemum carruthersii ‘Variegatum’ ................................................................variegated false eranthemum
	
Thunbergia erecta .............................................................................................................................. bush thunbergia
	
Thunbergia erecta ‘Alba’ ..........................................................................................................white bush thunbergia
UH–CTAHR                                                               Xeriscape Plants                                                    OF-42 — Mar. 2008



Xeriscape plants in the Apocynaceae family
Allamanda cathartica .................................................................................................................. common allamanda
	
Allamanda oenotheraefolia ..............................................................................................................dwarf allamanda
	
Allamanda schotti ...............................................................................................................................bush allamanda
	
Adenium obesum .........................................................................................................................................desert rose
	
Carissa macrocarpa .................................................................................................................................. Natal plum
	
Catharanthus roseus .............................................................................................................. Madagascar periwinkle
	
Cerbera manghas ............................................................................................................................................. cerbera
	
Mandevilla x amabilis ............................................................................................................................... mandevilla
	
Nerium oleander ............................................................................................................................................ oleander
	
Pentalinon lutea ..............................................................................................................................yellow mandevilla
	
Plumeria rubra ...............................................................................................................................................plumeria
	
Thevetia peruviana ...........................................................................................................................................be-still
	
Thevetia peruviana var. aurantiaca .............................................................................................salmon-pink be-still
	

Xeriscape plants in the Bignoniaceae family
Catalpa longissima .................................................................................................................................... yoke-wood
	
Crescentia cujete ..................................................................................................................................... calabash tree
	
Jacaranda mimosifolia ................................................................................................................................ jacaranda
	
Kigelia africana ....................................................................................................................................... sausage tree
	
Macfedyena unguis-cati .................................................................................................................. cat’s-claw creeper
	
Saritaea magnifica ..............................................................................................................................purple bignonia
	
Tabebuia aurea ...............................................................................................................................silver trumpet tree
	
Tabebuia berteroi ..........................................................................................................hispaniolan rosy trumpet tree
	
Tabebuia donnell-smithii ...............................................................................................................................gold tree
	
Tabebuia rosea .................................................................................................................................pink trumpet tree
	

Xeriscape plants in the Fabaceae family
Acacia confusa ...................................................................................................................................... Formosan koa
	
Adenanthera pavonina ............................................................................................................................false wiliwili
	
Bauhinia binata ....................................................................................................................................... alibangbang
	
Bauhinia galpinii .....................................................................................................................................red bauhinia
	
Bauhinia monandra ................................................................................................................ St. Thomas orchid tree
	
Bauhinia variegata .....................................................................................................................................orchid tree
	
Bauhinia blakeana .................................................................................................................. Hong Kong orchid tree
	
Caesalpinia ferra .......................................................................................................................... Brazilian ironwood
	
Caesalpinia pulcherrima ................................................................................................................... dwarf poinciana
	
Calliandra haematocephala	 ......................................................................................................................lehua haole
	
Cassia bakeriana .............................................................................................................................baker shower tree
	
Cassia grandis .................................................................................................................................. pink shower tree
	
Cassia javanica .................................................................................................................pink and white shower tree
	
Cassia x nealiae ‘Lunalilo Yellow’ ...................................................................Lunalilo Yellow rainbow shower tree
	
Cassia x nealiae ‘Nii Gold’ ..........................................................................................Nii Gold rainbow shower tree
	
Cassia x nealiae ‘Queen’s Hospital White’ ..........................................Queen’s Hospital White rainbow shower tree
	
Cassia x nealiae ‘Wilhelmina Tenney’ ......................................................Wilhelminia Tenney rainbow shower tree
	
Colvillea racemosa ........................................................................................................................................ colvillea
	
Delonix regia ....................................................................................................................................... royal poinciana
	
Enterolobium cyclocarpum	...............................................................................................................................earpod
	

6
UH–CTAHR                                                                Xeriscape Plants                                                     OF-42 — Mar. 2008


Erythrina crista galli .....................................................................................................................common coral tree
	
Erythrina sandwicensis .................................................................................................................................. wiliwili
	
Erythrina variegata ................................................................................................................................. Indian coral
	
Erythrina variegata ‘Tropic Coral’ ............................................................................................ Tropic Coral wiliwili
	
Pithecellobium dulce ‘Variegata’ ........................................................................................................... white opiuma
	
Prosopis pallida ................................................................................................................................................. kiawe
	
Pterocarpus indicus ............................................................................................................................................ narra
	
Samanea saman .................................................................................................................................monkeypod tree
	
Senna alata ............................................................................................................................................... candle bush
	
Senna surattensis .................................................................................................................................. kalamona tree
	
Tamarindus indica ........................................................................................................................................ tamarind
	

Resources
Courtright, Gordon. 1988. Tropicals. Timber Press, Portland, Oregon.
	
Graf, Alfred Byrd. 1981. Tropica. 2nd edition. Roehrs Company, East Ruthford, New Jersey.
	
Kuck, Loraine E., and Richard C. Tongg. 1955. The modern tropical garden. Tongg Publishing Company, Hono-
   lulu.
Neal, Marie C. 1965. In gardens of Hawaii. Bernice P. Bishop Museum Special Publication 50, Bishop Museum
   Press, Honolulu.
Rauch, Fred D. and Paul R. Weissich. 2000. Plants for tropical landscapes. University of Hawai’i Press, Honolulu.
Staples, George W. and Derral R. Herbst. 2005. A tropical garden flora. Bishop Museum Press, Honolulu.

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Xeriscape Plants - University of Hawaii

  • 1. Ornamentals and Flowers Mar. 2008 OF-42 Xeriscape Plants Melvin Wong Department of Tropical Plant and Soil Sciences ecause most of Hawai‘i’s hotels, shopping centers, development of a deep root system and decreased fertil- B office buildings, and residences are located on the dry, hot leeward sides of the islands, many of their land- izer levels. Many xeriscape plants are hardy and drought toler- scape plants are xeriscape plants, even though irrigation ant but not necessarily attractive. Examples are milo, is usually available. Xeriscape plants include most of the neem, gular, Java plum, kiawe, yellow poinciana, silver coastal native plants and beach plants. oak, looking glass, chinaberry, mahogany, octopus, date Rainforest plants suffer in hot, dry weather. In similar palm, ironwood, hau, and wiliwili (trees), and beach fashion, xeriscape plants may often suffer in wet condi- naupaka, blue vitex, oleander, cardboard palm, Indian tions. For example, mock orange is very vulnerable to hawthorn, and yeddo hawthorn (shrubs). Other xeri- root rot in poorly drained soil or landscapes with exces- scape plants are attractive or have unique and desirable sive irrigation. features with different degrees of drought tolerances. The landscape committee of a Kāhala condominium Examples of such trees are California pepper, weeping was not satisfied with the maintenance of their facility red bottlebrush, karum, variegated Chinese banyan, white and recommended to their grounds foreman to increase opiuma, Formosan koa, Cook or Norfolk pines, rainbow the irrigation. The foreman did just that and succeeded shower, coconut, lignum vitae, St. Thomas orchid, silver in causing root rot to mock orange, Natal plum, and buttonwood, calabash, Australian tea, blue latan palm, privet. Canary Island date palm, dwarf date palm, plumeria, Enchanted Lake has a heavy clay soil that does not silver tecoma, queen palm, gold tree, autograph, true and dry out quickly once wet. As this is a dry area where false kamani, mahagoni, tamarind, and Madagascar olive. frequent watering is necessary, hibiscus, croton, Natal Examples of shrubs are Raspberry Ice bougainvillea, plum, privet, and mock orange suffer from root rot in a Hula Girl hibiscus, spider lily, daylily, enchantress haw- similar fashion. Amending the soil is not cost effective. thorn, candlebush, Cape honeysuckle, dwarf poinciana, But even with this difficult soil, beach naupaka grew stephanotis, sandpaper vine, allamanda, purple bignonia well and looked good. Therefore, I recommended that vine, mandevilla, yellow mandevilla vine, Japanese susceptible shrubs be replaced with beach naupaka. honeysuckle, orange blanchetiana bromeliad, variegated Several succulent ground covers, such as hottentot pineapple, and Texas Ranger. fig, ice plant, hearts and flowers, and bacopa suffer from Finding effective and attractive ground covers with Rhizoctonia even when watered normally. The xeriscape drought tolerance is not easy. My preferences are African ground covers of Madagascar periwinkle and dwarf lily, Madagascar periwinkle, the green form of spider oyster plant will be damaged from Phytophthora foliar plant, false heather, trailing lantana, bird nest sanseviera, rot if the foliage is wet by the irrigation system. and beach vitex. Many drought tolerant vines can also be Salinity damage can be a problem during hot, dry added to this list of ground covers. In the future, when conditions if irrigation is not adequate. Developing a water becomes scarce, brackish water may be required deep root system by watering deeply and not allowing for landscape uses. Therefore, xeriscape plants with salt the lower soil layers to dry out is extra insurance against tolerance will become important. The following lists of salinity damage. Therefore, proper irrigation is impor- plants is provided to help you choose xeriscape plants. tant in hot, dry weather to avoid root and foliar rot with It is not a complete list. You may add or delete as you excessive watering and to avoid salinity damage through choose. Published by the College of Tropical Agriculture and Human Resources (CTAHR) and issued in furtherance of Cooperative Extension work, Acts of May 8 and June 30, 1914, in coopera- tion with the U.S. Department of Agriculture. Andrew G. Hashimoto, Director/Dean, Cooperative Extension Service/CTAHR, University of Hawai‘i at Mänoa, Honolulu, Hawai‘i 96822. An equal opportunity/affirmative action institution providing programs and services to the people of Hawai‘i without regard to race, sex, age, religion, color, national origin, ancestry, dis- ability, marital status, arrest and court record, sexual orientation, or status as a covered veteran. CTAHR publications can be found on the Web site <http://www.ctahr.hawaii.edu/freepubs>.
  • 2. UH–CTAHR Xeriscape Plants OF-42 — Mar. 2008 Trees Acacia confusa ...................................................................................................................................... Formosan koa Bauhinia binata Bauhinia blakeana ......................................................................................................................... Hong Kong orchid Bauhinia monandra ........................................................................................................................St. Thomas orchid Bauhinia variegata Bucida buceras .............................................................................................................................................geometry Callistemon citrinus .............................................................................................................. weeping red bottlebrush Cassia x Nealiae ‘Wilhelmina Tenny’ Casuarina equisetifolia .................................................................................................................................ironwood Catalpa longissima .................................................................................................................................... yoke-wood Cerbera manghas ............................................................................................................................................. cerbera Clusia rosea ................................................................................................................................................. autograph Crescentia cujete ............................................................................................................................................ calabash Enterolobium cyclocarpum ...............................................................................................................................earpod Guaiacum officinale ................................................................................................................................lignum vitae Gymnostoma papuanum Hypphorbe lagenicaulis .............................................................................................................................bottle palm Mimusops caffra Mimusops elengi .............................................................................................................................................. pogada Olea europaea subsp. Europaea .......................................................................................................................... oliva Peltopohorum pterocarpum ..............................................................................................................yellow poinciana Phoenix canariensis ..............................................................................................................Canary Island date palm Pimenta dioica .................................................................................................................................................allspice Pithecellobium dulce ‘Variegata’ ........................................................................................................... white opiuma Plumeria rubra ...............................................................................................................................................plumeria Pongamia pinnata ............................................................................................................................................. karum Prosopis pallida ................................................................................................................................................. kiawe Pterocarpus indicus ............................................................................................................................................ narra Schinus molle ...................................................................................................................................California pepper Schinus terebinthifolius .......................................................................................................................Christmasberry Sterculia foetida ..........................................................................................................................................Java olives Sterculia urens .................................................................................................................................................... gular Swietenia mahagoni .................................................................................................................................... mahogany Thevetia peruviana ...........................................................................................................................................be-still Thevetia peruviana var. aurantiaca .............................................................................................salmon-pink be-still Shrubs Agave attenuate ................................................................................................................................dragon tree agave Allamanda schotti ...............................................................................................................................bush allamanda Allamanda cathartica var. hendersonii ...................................................................................................... allamanda Anisacanthus thurberi ....................................................................................................................desert honeysuckle Bauhinia galpinii .............................................................................................................................red bauhinia vine Bougainvillea ‘Raspberry Ice’ ...............................................................................................raspberry bougainvillea Bougainvillea spectabilis ............................................................................................................. brazil bougainvillea Calotropis gigantean .............................................................................................................................. crown flower Caesalpinia pulcherrima ................................................................................................................... dwarf poinciana Carissa macrocarpa .................................................................................................................................. Natal plum 2
  • 3. UH–CTAHR Xeriscape Plants OF-42 — Mar. 2008 Crinum asiaticum ........................................................................................................................................spider lily Dietis bicolor ............................................................................................................................................ African iris Ficus microcarpa var. crassifolia .................................................................................................................wax ficus Galphimia gracilis .......................................................................................................................................galphimia Gardenia taitensis ............................................................................................................................Tahitian gardenia Grewia occidentalis .......................................................................................................................lavender starflower Jasminum multiflorum ............................................................................................................................. star jasmine Leptospermum scoparium ................................................................................................................New Zealand tea Leucophyllum frutescens cv. Texas Ranger ........................................................................................... Texas Ranger Ligustrum japonicum ...........................................................................................................................Japanese privet Marsdenia floribunda ................................................................................................................................stephanotis Murraya paniculata ................................................................................................................................ mock orange Nerium oleander ............................................................................................................................................ oleander Petrea volubilis ....................................................................................................................................sandpaper vine Plumbago auriculata ........................................................................................................................... blue plumbago Pseuderanthemum curruthersii var. atropurpureum ........................................................... purple false eranthemum Pseuderanthemum curruthersii var. reticulatum ......................................yellow veined false eranthemum, eldorado Pseuderanthemum curruthersii var. variegatum ...........................................................variegated false eranthemum Rhaphiolepis x delacourii ......................................................................................................... enchantress hawthorn Rhaphiolepis indica .......................................................................................................................... Indian hawthorn Rhaphiolepis umbellate var. integerrima ........................................................................................... yeddo hawthorn Russulia equisetiformis ...............................................................................................................................coral plant Senna alata ............................................................................................................................................... candle bush Tabernaemontana divaricata ................................................................................................................crepe jasmine Tecoma capensis ..............................................................................................................................cape honeysuckle Thunbergia erecta .............................................................................................................................. bush thunbergia Turnea ulmifolia ....................................................................................................................................... yellow alder Vitex trifolia var. variegate .........................................................................................................variegated blue vitex Native shrubs Canthium odoratum ..........................................................................................................................................alahe’e Dodonaea viscose .............................................................................................................................................. ‘a‘ali‘i Hibiscus arnottianus ................................................................................... Hawaiian white hibiscus, koki‘o ke‘oke‘o Hibiscus calyphyllus .........................................................................................ma‘o hau hele, Rock’s Kauai hibiscus Myoporum sandwicense ....................................................................................................................................... naio Osteomeles anthyllidifolia ....................................................................................................................................‘ülei Scaevola sericea .................................................................................................................................. beach naupaka Vitex rotundifolia ...................................................................................................................pohinahina, beach vitex Wikstroemia uva-ursi ...........................................................................................................................................‘äkia Groundcovers Aloe barbadensis ‘Vera’ ........................................................................................................orange form of aloe vera Alternanthera tenella ..................................................................................................................................... joyweed Aptenia cordifolia ...........................................................................................................................hearts and flowers Asystasia gangetica .................................................................................................................................. coromandel Catharanthus roseus .............................................................................................................. Madagascar periwinkle Chlorophytum comosum .................................................................................................... green form of spider plant Crassula ‘Flame’ ................................................................................................................................... flame crassula 3
  • 4. UH–CTAHR Xeriscape Plants OF-42 — Mar. 2008 Cuphea hyssopifolia .................................................................................................................................false heather Graptopetalum paraguayense Kalanchoe blossfeldiana ..............................................................................................................................kalanchoe Kalanchoe fedtschenkoi Lantana camara ‘Flava’ ............................................................................................................................ yellow sage Lantana camara ‘Mista’ ..................................................................................................................mista yellow sage Lantana montevidensis ....................................................................................................................... trailing lantana Lonicera japonica ..................................................................................................................... Japanese honeysuckle Rhoeo spathacea ....................................................................................................................................... oyster plant Rhoeo spathacea ‘Dwarf’ ............................................................................................................... dwarf oyster plant Sanseviera trifasciata ................................................................................................................................snake plant Sedum x rubrotinctum .........................................................................................................................pork and beans Landscape plumeria cultivars Carmen Common Yellow Dwarf Singapore Dwarf Pink Singapore Duke East West Center #3 Hilo Beauty Jean Moragne Kauka Wilder King Kalakaua Maui Beauty Samoan Fluff Sherman Tomlinson White Shell Used for landscaping because of the flowers Little Pink Pansy Kimo Moir Nebel Rainbow Succulents Agavaceae Agave americana ....................................................................................................................................century plant Agave augustifolia ‘Marginata’ ........................................................................................variegated Caribbean agave Agave attenuate ................................................................................................................................dragon tree agave Dracaena marginata .................................................................................................................................. money tree Fucraea foetida ‘Medio-picta’ ............................................................................................................Mauritius hemp Fucraea gigantean ‘Striata’ Fucraea sallow marginata Nolina recurvata ............................................................................................................................................pony tail Sanseviera trifasciata ‘Hahnii’ .................................................................................................. bird’s nest sanseviera 4
  • 5. UH–CTAHR Xeriscape Plants OF-42 — Mar. 2008 Yucca elephantipes ............................................................................................................................. spineless yucca Cactaceae Echinocactus grusonii .......................................................................................................................... golden barrels Echinocereus rigidissimus Mammillaria ceisiana ..................................................................................................................... showy pincushion Mammillaria parkinsonii .............................................................................................................................owl’s eyes Soehrensis ingens Crassulaceae Crassula ‘Flame’ Graptopetalum paraguayense Kalanchoe beharensis .................................................................................................................................... felt bush Kalanchoe blossfeldiana ..............................................................................................................................kalanchoe Kalanchoe feltschenkoi Sedum x rubrotinctum Euphorbiaceae Acalypha godseffiana Acalypha hispida ................................................................................................................................... chenille plant Acalypha wilkesiana .................................................................................................................................. copper leaf Codiaeum variegatum ........................................................................................................................................croton Euphorbia lactea ...............................................................................................................................dragon-bone tree Euphorbia milii ...................................................................................................................................crown of thorns Euphorbia pulvinata .......................................................................................................................cushion euphorbia Liliaceae Aloe barbadensis ‘Vera’ ........................................................................................................orange form of aloe vera Asparagus densiflorus ‘Myers’ .........................................................................................................foxtail asparagus Asparagua densiflorus ‘Sprengeri’ ................................................................................................ sprenger asparagus Chlorophytum comosum .................................................................................................... green form of spider plant Crinum asiaticum ........................................................................................................................................spider lily Hemerocallis aurantiaca ........................................................................................................ golden summer daylily Ophiopogon jaburan ‘Vittatus’ ...............................................................................................................white lilyturf Xeriscape plants in the Acanthaceae family Anisacanthus thurberi ....................................................................................................................desert honeysuckle Asystasia gangetica .................................................................................................................................. coromandel Graptophyllum pictum ........................................................................................................................ caricature plant Graptophyllum pictum ‘Eldorado’ ....................................................................................... eldorado caricature plant Hemigraphis aurantiaca ..............................................................................................................................metal leaf Justicia brandegeana ...............................................................................................................................shrimp plant Pseuderanthemum carruthersii ‘Atropurpureum’ ................................................................ purple false eranthemum Pseuderanthemum carruthersii ‘Reticulatum’ ......................................................... yellow-veined false eranthemum Pseuderanthemum carruthersii ‘Variegatum’ ................................................................variegated false eranthemum Thunbergia erecta .............................................................................................................................. bush thunbergia Thunbergia erecta ‘Alba’ ..........................................................................................................white bush thunbergia
  • 6. UH–CTAHR Xeriscape Plants OF-42 — Mar. 2008 Xeriscape plants in the Apocynaceae family Allamanda cathartica .................................................................................................................. common allamanda Allamanda oenotheraefolia ..............................................................................................................dwarf allamanda Allamanda schotti ...............................................................................................................................bush allamanda Adenium obesum .........................................................................................................................................desert rose Carissa macrocarpa .................................................................................................................................. Natal plum Catharanthus roseus .............................................................................................................. Madagascar periwinkle Cerbera manghas ............................................................................................................................................. cerbera Mandevilla x amabilis ............................................................................................................................... mandevilla Nerium oleander ............................................................................................................................................ oleander Pentalinon lutea ..............................................................................................................................yellow mandevilla Plumeria rubra ...............................................................................................................................................plumeria Thevetia peruviana ...........................................................................................................................................be-still Thevetia peruviana var. aurantiaca .............................................................................................salmon-pink be-still Xeriscape plants in the Bignoniaceae family Catalpa longissima .................................................................................................................................... yoke-wood Crescentia cujete ..................................................................................................................................... calabash tree Jacaranda mimosifolia ................................................................................................................................ jacaranda Kigelia africana ....................................................................................................................................... sausage tree Macfedyena unguis-cati .................................................................................................................. cat’s-claw creeper Saritaea magnifica ..............................................................................................................................purple bignonia Tabebuia aurea ...............................................................................................................................silver trumpet tree Tabebuia berteroi ..........................................................................................................hispaniolan rosy trumpet tree Tabebuia donnell-smithii ...............................................................................................................................gold tree Tabebuia rosea .................................................................................................................................pink trumpet tree Xeriscape plants in the Fabaceae family Acacia confusa ...................................................................................................................................... Formosan koa Adenanthera pavonina ............................................................................................................................false wiliwili Bauhinia binata ....................................................................................................................................... alibangbang Bauhinia galpinii .....................................................................................................................................red bauhinia Bauhinia monandra ................................................................................................................ St. Thomas orchid tree Bauhinia variegata .....................................................................................................................................orchid tree Bauhinia blakeana .................................................................................................................. Hong Kong orchid tree Caesalpinia ferra .......................................................................................................................... Brazilian ironwood Caesalpinia pulcherrima ................................................................................................................... dwarf poinciana Calliandra haematocephala ......................................................................................................................lehua haole Cassia bakeriana .............................................................................................................................baker shower tree Cassia grandis .................................................................................................................................. pink shower tree Cassia javanica .................................................................................................................pink and white shower tree Cassia x nealiae ‘Lunalilo Yellow’ ...................................................................Lunalilo Yellow rainbow shower tree Cassia x nealiae ‘Nii Gold’ ..........................................................................................Nii Gold rainbow shower tree Cassia x nealiae ‘Queen’s Hospital White’ ..........................................Queen’s Hospital White rainbow shower tree Cassia x nealiae ‘Wilhelmina Tenney’ ......................................................Wilhelminia Tenney rainbow shower tree Colvillea racemosa ........................................................................................................................................ colvillea Delonix regia ....................................................................................................................................... royal poinciana Enterolobium cyclocarpum ...............................................................................................................................earpod 6
  • 7. UH–CTAHR Xeriscape Plants OF-42 — Mar. 2008 Erythrina crista galli .....................................................................................................................common coral tree Erythrina sandwicensis .................................................................................................................................. wiliwili Erythrina variegata ................................................................................................................................. Indian coral Erythrina variegata ‘Tropic Coral’ ............................................................................................ Tropic Coral wiliwili Pithecellobium dulce ‘Variegata’ ........................................................................................................... white opiuma Prosopis pallida ................................................................................................................................................. kiawe Pterocarpus indicus ............................................................................................................................................ narra Samanea saman .................................................................................................................................monkeypod tree Senna alata ............................................................................................................................................... candle bush Senna surattensis .................................................................................................................................. kalamona tree Tamarindus indica ........................................................................................................................................ tamarind Resources Courtright, Gordon. 1988. Tropicals. Timber Press, Portland, Oregon. Graf, Alfred Byrd. 1981. Tropica. 2nd edition. Roehrs Company, East Ruthford, New Jersey. Kuck, Loraine E., and Richard C. Tongg. 1955. The modern tropical garden. Tongg Publishing Company, Hono- lulu. Neal, Marie C. 1965. In gardens of Hawaii. Bernice P. Bishop Museum Special Publication 50, Bishop Museum Press, Honolulu. Rauch, Fred D. and Paul R. Weissich. 2000. Plants for tropical landscapes. University of Hawai’i Press, Honolulu. Staples, George W. and Derral R. Herbst. 2005. A tropical garden flora. Bishop Museum Press, Honolulu.