Enviar búsqueda
Cargar
Jarrar.lecture notes.wordnetandglobalwordnets
•
1 recomendación
•
588 vistas
S
SinaInstitute
Seguir
Educación
Tecnología
Denunciar
Compartir
Denunciar
Compartir
1 de 28
Descargar ahora
Descargar para leer sin conexión
Recomendados
Nataly Zhukova - Conceptual Model for Routine Measurements Analyses in Seman...
Nataly Zhukova - Conceptual Model for Routine Measurements Analyses in Seman...
AIST
Nikolai Blenda - Clusterization of text documents using WordNet and semantic ...
Nikolai Blenda - Clusterization of text documents using WordNet and semantic ...
AIST
YAGO-SUMO: Integrating YAGO into the Suggested Upper Merged Ontology
YAGO-SUMO: Integrating YAGO into the Suggested Upper Merged Ontology
Gerard de Melo
Training javascript 2012 hcmut
Training javascript 2012 hcmut
University of Technology
Word Tagging with Foundational Ontology Classes
Word Tagging with Foundational Ontology Classes
Andre Freitas
Experiments on the construction and enrichment of a Portuguese wordnet
Experiments on the construction and enrichment of a Portuguese wordnet
Carlos Valcarcel Riveiro
Wordnet Introduction
Wordnet Introduction
University of Technology
Wordnet
Wordnet
Govind Raj
Recomendados
Nataly Zhukova - Conceptual Model for Routine Measurements Analyses in Seman...
Nataly Zhukova - Conceptual Model for Routine Measurements Analyses in Seman...
AIST
Nikolai Blenda - Clusterization of text documents using WordNet and semantic ...
Nikolai Blenda - Clusterization of text documents using WordNet and semantic ...
AIST
YAGO-SUMO: Integrating YAGO into the Suggested Upper Merged Ontology
YAGO-SUMO: Integrating YAGO into the Suggested Upper Merged Ontology
Gerard de Melo
Training javascript 2012 hcmut
Training javascript 2012 hcmut
University of Technology
Word Tagging with Foundational Ontology Classes
Word Tagging with Foundational Ontology Classes
Andre Freitas
Experiments on the construction and enrichment of a Portuguese wordnet
Experiments on the construction and enrichment of a Portuguese wordnet
Carlos Valcarcel Riveiro
Wordnet Introduction
Wordnet Introduction
University of Technology
Wordnet
Wordnet
Govind Raj
ENGLISH6-Q4-W3.pptxqurter our high choom
ENGLISH6-Q4-W3.pptxqurter our high choom
nelietumpap1
TataKelola dan KamSiber Kecerdasan Buatan v022.pdf
TataKelola dan KamSiber Kecerdasan Buatan v022.pdf
Sarwono Sutikno, Dr.Eng.,CISA,CISSP,CISM,CSX-F
Science 7 Quarter 4 Module 2: Natural Resources.pptx
Science 7 Quarter 4 Module 2: Natural Resources.pptx
MaryGraceBautista27
How to Add Barcode on PDF Report in Odoo 17
How to Add Barcode on PDF Report in Odoo 17
Celine George
YOUVE GOT EMAIL_FINALS_EL_DORADO_2024.pptx
YOUVE GOT EMAIL_FINALS_EL_DORADO_2024.pptx
Conquiztadors- the Quiz Society of Sri Venkateswara College
Procuring digital preservation CAN be quick and painless with our new dynamic...
Procuring digital preservation CAN be quick and painless with our new dynamic...
Jisc
HỌC TỐT TIẾNG ANH 11 THEO CHƯƠNG TRÌNH GLOBAL SUCCESS ĐÁP ÁN CHI TIẾT - CẢ NĂ...
HỌC TỐT TIẾNG ANH 11 THEO CHƯƠNG TRÌNH GLOBAL SUCCESS ĐÁP ÁN CHI TIẾT - CẢ NĂ...
Nguyen Thanh Tu Collection
How to do quick user assign in kanban in Odoo 17 ERP
How to do quick user assign in kanban in Odoo 17 ERP
Celine George
Earth Day Presentation wow hello nice great
Earth Day Presentation wow hello nice great
YousafMalik24
ISYU TUNGKOL SA SEKSWLADIDA (ISSUE ABOUT SEXUALITY
ISYU TUNGKOL SA SEKSWLADIDA (ISSUE ABOUT SEXUALITY
KayeClaireEstoconing
Full Stack Web Development Course for Beginners
Full Stack Web Development Course for Beginners
Sabitha Banu
Difference Between Search & Browse Methods in Odoo 17
Difference Between Search & Browse Methods in Odoo 17
Celine George
Computed Fields and api Depends in the Odoo 17
Computed Fields and api Depends in the Odoo 17
Celine George
THEORIES OF ORGANIZATION-PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION
THEORIES OF ORGANIZATION-PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION
Humphrey A Beña
Gas measurement O2,Co2,& ph) 04/2024.pptx
Gas measurement O2,Co2,& ph) 04/2024.pptx
Dr.Ibrahim Hassaan
GRADE 4 - SUMMATIVE TEST QUARTER 4 ALL SUBJECTS
GRADE 4 - SUMMATIVE TEST QUARTER 4 ALL SUBJECTS
JoshuaGantuangco2
OS-operating systems- ch04 (Threads) ...
OS-operating systems- ch04 (Threads) ...
Dr. Mazin Mohamed alkathiri
Judging the Relevance and worth of ideas part 2.pptx
Judging the Relevance and worth of ideas part 2.pptx
SherlyMaeNeri
Like-prefer-love -hate+verb+ing & silent letters & citizenship text.pdf
Like-prefer-love -hate+verb+ing & silent letters & citizenship text.pdf
Mr Bounab Samir
4.18.24 Movement Legacies, Reflection, and Review.pptx
4.18.24 Movement Legacies, Reflection, and Review.pptx
mary850239
2024 State of Marketing Report – by Hubspot
2024 State of Marketing Report – by Hubspot
Marius Sescu
Everything You Need To Know About ChatGPT
Everything You Need To Know About ChatGPT
Expeed Software
Más contenido relacionado
Último
ENGLISH6-Q4-W3.pptxqurter our high choom
ENGLISH6-Q4-W3.pptxqurter our high choom
nelietumpap1
TataKelola dan KamSiber Kecerdasan Buatan v022.pdf
TataKelola dan KamSiber Kecerdasan Buatan v022.pdf
Sarwono Sutikno, Dr.Eng.,CISA,CISSP,CISM,CSX-F
Science 7 Quarter 4 Module 2: Natural Resources.pptx
Science 7 Quarter 4 Module 2: Natural Resources.pptx
MaryGraceBautista27
How to Add Barcode on PDF Report in Odoo 17
How to Add Barcode on PDF Report in Odoo 17
Celine George
YOUVE GOT EMAIL_FINALS_EL_DORADO_2024.pptx
YOUVE GOT EMAIL_FINALS_EL_DORADO_2024.pptx
Conquiztadors- the Quiz Society of Sri Venkateswara College
Procuring digital preservation CAN be quick and painless with our new dynamic...
Procuring digital preservation CAN be quick and painless with our new dynamic...
Jisc
HỌC TỐT TIẾNG ANH 11 THEO CHƯƠNG TRÌNH GLOBAL SUCCESS ĐÁP ÁN CHI TIẾT - CẢ NĂ...
HỌC TỐT TIẾNG ANH 11 THEO CHƯƠNG TRÌNH GLOBAL SUCCESS ĐÁP ÁN CHI TIẾT - CẢ NĂ...
Nguyen Thanh Tu Collection
How to do quick user assign in kanban in Odoo 17 ERP
How to do quick user assign in kanban in Odoo 17 ERP
Celine George
Earth Day Presentation wow hello nice great
Earth Day Presentation wow hello nice great
YousafMalik24
ISYU TUNGKOL SA SEKSWLADIDA (ISSUE ABOUT SEXUALITY
ISYU TUNGKOL SA SEKSWLADIDA (ISSUE ABOUT SEXUALITY
KayeClaireEstoconing
Full Stack Web Development Course for Beginners
Full Stack Web Development Course for Beginners
Sabitha Banu
Difference Between Search & Browse Methods in Odoo 17
Difference Between Search & Browse Methods in Odoo 17
Celine George
Computed Fields and api Depends in the Odoo 17
Computed Fields and api Depends in the Odoo 17
Celine George
THEORIES OF ORGANIZATION-PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION
THEORIES OF ORGANIZATION-PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION
Humphrey A Beña
Gas measurement O2,Co2,& ph) 04/2024.pptx
Gas measurement O2,Co2,& ph) 04/2024.pptx
Dr.Ibrahim Hassaan
GRADE 4 - SUMMATIVE TEST QUARTER 4 ALL SUBJECTS
GRADE 4 - SUMMATIVE TEST QUARTER 4 ALL SUBJECTS
JoshuaGantuangco2
OS-operating systems- ch04 (Threads) ...
OS-operating systems- ch04 (Threads) ...
Dr. Mazin Mohamed alkathiri
Judging the Relevance and worth of ideas part 2.pptx
Judging the Relevance and worth of ideas part 2.pptx
SherlyMaeNeri
Like-prefer-love -hate+verb+ing & silent letters & citizenship text.pdf
Like-prefer-love -hate+verb+ing & silent letters & citizenship text.pdf
Mr Bounab Samir
4.18.24 Movement Legacies, Reflection, and Review.pptx
4.18.24 Movement Legacies, Reflection, and Review.pptx
mary850239
Último
(20)
ENGLISH6-Q4-W3.pptxqurter our high choom
ENGLISH6-Q4-W3.pptxqurter our high choom
TataKelola dan KamSiber Kecerdasan Buatan v022.pdf
TataKelola dan KamSiber Kecerdasan Buatan v022.pdf
Science 7 Quarter 4 Module 2: Natural Resources.pptx
Science 7 Quarter 4 Module 2: Natural Resources.pptx
How to Add Barcode on PDF Report in Odoo 17
How to Add Barcode on PDF Report in Odoo 17
YOUVE GOT EMAIL_FINALS_EL_DORADO_2024.pptx
YOUVE GOT EMAIL_FINALS_EL_DORADO_2024.pptx
Procuring digital preservation CAN be quick and painless with our new dynamic...
Procuring digital preservation CAN be quick and painless with our new dynamic...
HỌC TỐT TIẾNG ANH 11 THEO CHƯƠNG TRÌNH GLOBAL SUCCESS ĐÁP ÁN CHI TIẾT - CẢ NĂ...
HỌC TỐT TIẾNG ANH 11 THEO CHƯƠNG TRÌNH GLOBAL SUCCESS ĐÁP ÁN CHI TIẾT - CẢ NĂ...
How to do quick user assign in kanban in Odoo 17 ERP
How to do quick user assign in kanban in Odoo 17 ERP
Earth Day Presentation wow hello nice great
Earth Day Presentation wow hello nice great
ISYU TUNGKOL SA SEKSWLADIDA (ISSUE ABOUT SEXUALITY
ISYU TUNGKOL SA SEKSWLADIDA (ISSUE ABOUT SEXUALITY
Full Stack Web Development Course for Beginners
Full Stack Web Development Course for Beginners
Difference Between Search & Browse Methods in Odoo 17
Difference Between Search & Browse Methods in Odoo 17
Computed Fields and api Depends in the Odoo 17
Computed Fields and api Depends in the Odoo 17
THEORIES OF ORGANIZATION-PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION
THEORIES OF ORGANIZATION-PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION
Gas measurement O2,Co2,& ph) 04/2024.pptx
Gas measurement O2,Co2,& ph) 04/2024.pptx
GRADE 4 - SUMMATIVE TEST QUARTER 4 ALL SUBJECTS
GRADE 4 - SUMMATIVE TEST QUARTER 4 ALL SUBJECTS
OS-operating systems- ch04 (Threads) ...
OS-operating systems- ch04 (Threads) ...
Judging the Relevance and worth of ideas part 2.pptx
Judging the Relevance and worth of ideas part 2.pptx
Like-prefer-love -hate+verb+ing & silent letters & citizenship text.pdf
Like-prefer-love -hate+verb+ing & silent letters & citizenship text.pdf
4.18.24 Movement Legacies, Reflection, and Review.pptx
4.18.24 Movement Legacies, Reflection, and Review.pptx
Destacado
2024 State of Marketing Report – by Hubspot
2024 State of Marketing Report – by Hubspot
Marius Sescu
Everything You Need To Know About ChatGPT
Everything You Need To Know About ChatGPT
Expeed Software
Product Design Trends in 2024 | Teenage Engineerings
Product Design Trends in 2024 | Teenage Engineerings
Pixeldarts
How Race, Age and Gender Shape Attitudes Towards Mental Health
How Race, Age and Gender Shape Attitudes Towards Mental Health
ThinkNow
AI Trends in Creative Operations 2024 by Artwork Flow.pdf
AI Trends in Creative Operations 2024 by Artwork Flow.pdf
marketingartwork
Skeleton Culture Code
Skeleton Culture Code
Skeleton Technologies
PEPSICO Presentation to CAGNY Conference Feb 2024
PEPSICO Presentation to CAGNY Conference Feb 2024
Neil Kimberley
Content Methodology: A Best Practices Report (Webinar)
Content Methodology: A Best Practices Report (Webinar)
contently
How to Prepare For a Successful Job Search for 2024
How to Prepare For a Successful Job Search for 2024
Albert Qian
Social Media Marketing Trends 2024 // The Global Indie Insights
Social Media Marketing Trends 2024 // The Global Indie Insights
Kurio // The Social Media Age(ncy)
Trends In Paid Search: Navigating The Digital Landscape In 2024
Trends In Paid Search: Navigating The Digital Landscape In 2024
Search Engine Journal
5 Public speaking tips from TED - Visualized summary
5 Public speaking tips from TED - Visualized summary
SpeakerHub
ChatGPT and the Future of Work - Clark Boyd
ChatGPT and the Future of Work - Clark Boyd
Clark Boyd
Getting into the tech field. what next
Getting into the tech field. what next
Tessa Mero
Google's Just Not That Into You: Understanding Core Updates & Search Intent
Google's Just Not That Into You: Understanding Core Updates & Search Intent
Lily Ray
How to have difficult conversations
How to have difficult conversations
Rajiv Jayarajah, MAppComm, ACC
Introduction to Data Science
Introduction to Data Science
Christy Abraham Joy
Time Management & Productivity - Best Practices
Time Management & Productivity - Best Practices
Vit Horky
The six step guide to practical project management
The six step guide to practical project management
MindGenius
Beginners Guide to TikTok for Search - Rachel Pearson - We are Tilt __ Bright...
Beginners Guide to TikTok for Search - Rachel Pearson - We are Tilt __ Bright...
RachelPearson36
Destacado
(20)
2024 State of Marketing Report – by Hubspot
2024 State of Marketing Report – by Hubspot
Everything You Need To Know About ChatGPT
Everything You Need To Know About ChatGPT
Product Design Trends in 2024 | Teenage Engineerings
Product Design Trends in 2024 | Teenage Engineerings
How Race, Age and Gender Shape Attitudes Towards Mental Health
How Race, Age and Gender Shape Attitudes Towards Mental Health
AI Trends in Creative Operations 2024 by Artwork Flow.pdf
AI Trends in Creative Operations 2024 by Artwork Flow.pdf
Skeleton Culture Code
Skeleton Culture Code
PEPSICO Presentation to CAGNY Conference Feb 2024
PEPSICO Presentation to CAGNY Conference Feb 2024
Content Methodology: A Best Practices Report (Webinar)
Content Methodology: A Best Practices Report (Webinar)
How to Prepare For a Successful Job Search for 2024
How to Prepare For a Successful Job Search for 2024
Social Media Marketing Trends 2024 // The Global Indie Insights
Social Media Marketing Trends 2024 // The Global Indie Insights
Trends In Paid Search: Navigating The Digital Landscape In 2024
Trends In Paid Search: Navigating The Digital Landscape In 2024
5 Public speaking tips from TED - Visualized summary
5 Public speaking tips from TED - Visualized summary
ChatGPT and the Future of Work - Clark Boyd
ChatGPT and the Future of Work - Clark Boyd
Getting into the tech field. what next
Getting into the tech field. what next
Google's Just Not That Into You: Understanding Core Updates & Search Intent
Google's Just Not That Into You: Understanding Core Updates & Search Intent
How to have difficult conversations
How to have difficult conversations
Introduction to Data Science
Introduction to Data Science
Time Management & Productivity - Best Practices
Time Management & Productivity - Best Practices
The six step guide to practical project management
The six step guide to practical project management
Beginners Guide to TikTok for Search - Rachel Pearson - We are Tilt __ Bright...
Beginners Guide to TikTok for Search - Rachel Pearson - We are Tilt __ Bright...
Jarrar.lecture notes.wordnetandglobalwordnets
1.
Lecture Notes
Birzeit University, Palestine 2012 Advanced Topics in Ontology Engineering WordNet and Global WordNet Dr. Mustafa Jarrar Sina Institute, University of Birzeit mjarrar@birzeit.edu www.jarrar.info Jarrar © 2012 1
2.
Reading Everything in these
slides + everything I say [MBC93] George A. Miller, Richard Beckwith, Christiane Fellbaum, Derek Gross, and Katherine Miller: Introduction to WordNet: An On-line Lexical Database. International Journal of Lexicography, Vol. 3, Nr. 4. Pages 235-244. (1990) http://wordnetcode.princeton.edu/5papers.pdf [GGO02] Aldo Gangemi , Nicola Guarino , Alessandro Oltramari , Ro Oltramari , Stefano Borgo: Cleaning-up WordNet's Top-Level. In Proc. of the 1st International WordNetConference (2002) http://citeseer.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/download;jsessionid=C9962DFEDD7 93F3F839426B774BC9BAF?doi=10.1.1.11.4064&rep=rep1&type=pdf Jarrar © 2012 2
3.
Outline • The English
WordNet • Euro WordNet • Global WordNet Jarrar © 2012 3
4.
What is WordNet?
http://wordnet.princeton.edu • In 1985 a group of psychologists and linguists at Princeton University started to develop a “mental lexicon” • You may also call it:“electronic dictionary”, “Mental dictionary”, English, “semantic Network”, hyperdimensional thesaurus, etc. • Includes the most frequent English words (nouns, adjectives, adverbs, verbs). • Organized by meaning: words in close proximity are semantically similar. • Can be used by humans and machines. • Human users and computers can browse WordNet and find words that are meaningfully related to their queries. • Available online, for downloading! Jarrar © 2012 4
5.
WordNet: Synonymy WordNet gives
information about two fundamental, universal properties of human language: polysemy and synonymy. • English words are grouped (roughly) into sets of synonyms. • Each set of synonyms is called a Synset; and given a unique SynsetID to identify it. • Each synset expresses a distinct meaning/concept. 03410635 {Furniture, Piece of furniture , Article of furniture} Furnishings that make a room…. 07955878 03018908 {Bureau, Dresser, {Categorization, Chest of Drawers,} Classification} A group of people or things Furniture with drawers for arranged… keeping clothes 08283156 {Table, Tabular Array} A set of data arranged in rows and columns 04615793 {work table} 06501650 A table designed… {Contents, TableOfContents} Jarrar © 2012 A list of divisions… 5
6.
Exercise List the different
meanings of the words: Table, Array, Matrix, Bureau Jarrar © 2012 6
7.
WordNet: Polysemy • Each
word form-meaning pair is unique. • A word that appears in n synsets is n-fold polysemous. • For example: “Table” here is two-fold polysemous 03410635 07955013 {Furniture, Piece of furniture {Stream} {Arrangement} , Article of furniture} A natural body of An orderly grouping running water… Furnishings that make a room…. (of things or… 07955878 03018908 07955622 04386330 {River} {Bureau, Dresser, {Categorization, {Table} A large natural {Array} Chest of Drawers,} An orderly arrangement Classification} A piece of furniture stream of ... A group of people or things Furniture with drawers for having a smooth … arranged… keeping clothes 08283156 08284561 03184367 {Desk} {Nile} {Table, Tabular Array} {Matrix} A piece of furniture with The world's A set of data arranged in rows A rectangular array a writing surface… longest.. and columns of quantities … 02877456 06499232 08284367 {Booth} {work table} {Calendar} 06501650 {Periodic Table} A table (in a restaurant or A table designed… A tabular array {Contents, a tabular arrangement of the days.. of the chemical elem… bar) surrounded by two… TableOfContents} Jarrar © 2012 A list of divisions… 7
8.
WordNet: Glosses A short
gloss is provided for each sysnet. Glosses are examples of contexts for many word-sense pairs, telling us how words with specific senses are being used in context. 03410635 07955013 {Furniture, Piece of furniture {Stream} {Arrangement} , Article of furniture} A natural body of An orderly grouping running water… Furnishings that make a room…. (of things or… 07955878 03018908 07955622 04386330 {River} {Bureau, Dresser, {Categorization, {Table} A large natural {Array} Chest of Drawers,} An orderly arrangement Classification} A piece of furniture stream of ... A group of people or things Furniture with drawers for having a smooth … arranged… keeping clothes 08283156 08284561 03184367 {Desk} {Nile} {Table, Tabular Array} {Matrix} A piece of furniture with The world's A set of data arranged in rows A rectangular array a writing surface… longest.. and columns of quantities … 02877456 06499232 08284367 {Booth} {work table} {Calendar} 06501650 {Periodic Table} A table (in a restaurant or A table designed… A tabular array {Contents, a tabular arrangement of the days.. of the chemical elem… bar) surrounded by two… TableOfContents} Jarrar © 2012 A list of divisions… 8
9.
WordNet: Statistics
WordForms Synsets 155 287 word forms, groups into noun 117,798 82,115 117 659 synsets verb 11,529 13,767 adjective 21,479 18,156 adverb 4,481 3,621 Total 155,287 117,659 {Furniture, Piece of furniture {Stream} {Arrangement} , Article of furniture} A natural body of An orderly grouping running water… Furnishings that make a room…. (of things or… {River} {Categorization, {Bureau, Dresser, {Table} {Array} A large natural Classification} Chest of Drawers,} A piece of furniture stream of ... An orderly arrangement A group of people or things Furniture with drawers for having a smooth … arranged… keeping clothes {Desk} {Nile} {Table, Tabular Array} {Matrix} A piece of furniture with The world's A set of data arranged in rows A rectangular array a writing surface… longest.. and columns of quantities … {Booth} {work table} {Calendar} {Periodic Table} A table (in a restaurant or A table designed… A tabular array {Contents, a tabular arrangement of the days.. of the chemical elem… bar) surrounded by two… TableOfContents} Jarrar © 2012 A list of divisions… 9
10.
WordNet Semantic Relations
Synsets are interconnected with semantic relations, forming a large semantic network (graph). Such Relations are: • Hyponymy, also called “Is a” relation, or sub/superordinate. • Meronymy, also called “part of” relation {Container} Any object that can {Furniture, Piece of furniture {Stream} {Arrangement} be used .. , Article of furniture} A natural body of An orderly grouping running water… Furnishings that make a room…. (of things or… {River} {Categorization, {Drawer} {Bureau, Dresser, {Table} {Array} A large natural Classification} A boxlike container Chest of Drawers,} A piece of furniture stream of ... An orderly arrangement A group of people or things in a.. Furniture with drawers for having a smooth … arranged… keeping clothes {Desk} {Nile} {Table, Tabular Array} {Matrix} {shelf} A piece of furniture with The world's A set of data arranged in rows A rectangular array A support that a writing surface… longest.. and columns of quantities … consists… {Booth} {work table} {Calendar} {Periodic Table} {Support} A tabular array{Contents, a tabular arrangement A table (in a restaurant or A table designed… of the days.. Any device that bar) surrounded by two… TableOfContents} of the chemical elem… bears.. Jarrar © 2012 A list of divisions… 10
11.
WordNet Relations: Hyponymy •
A synset {x, x′, . . .} is hyponym of the synset {y, y′, . . .} if native English speakers accept sentences like x is a (kind of) y. E. g., Table/Tabular Array is a kind of Array, Array is a kind of Arrangement,… • Hyponymy is transitive and asymmetrical. So as Hyponymy generates a hierarchical semantic structure, a hyponym inherits all the features of the more generic concept and adds at least one feature that distinguishes it from its superordinate. {Furniture, Piece of furniture {Stream} {Arrangement} , Article of furniture} A natural body of An orderly grouping running water… Furnishings that make a room…. (of things or… {River} {Categorization, {Bureau, Dresser, {Table} {Array} A large natural Classification} Chest of Drawers,} A piece of furniture stream of ... An orderly arrangement A group of people or things Furniture with drawers for having a smooth … arranged… keeping clothes {Desk} {Nile} {Table, Tabular Array} {Matrix} A piece of furniture with The world's A set of data arranged in rows A rectangular array a writing surface… longest.. and columns of quantities … {Booth} {work table} {Calendar} {Periodic Table} A table (in a restaurant or A table designed… A tabular array{Contents, a tabular arrangement of the days.. bar) surrounded by two… TableOfContents} of the chemical elem… Jarrar © 2012 A list of divisions… 11
12.
WordNet Relations: Hyponymy
• A synset {x, x′, . . .} is hyponym of the synset {y, y′, . . .} if native English speakers accept sentences like x is a (kind of) y. E. g., Table/Tabular Array is a kind of Array, Array is a kind of Arrangement,… • Hyponymy is transitive and asymmetrical. So as Hyponymy generates a hierarchical semantic structure, a hyponym inherits all the features of the more generic concept and adds at least one feature that distinguishes it from its superordinate. Top Level Nouns (25 unique beginners) {act, action, activity} {natural object } {animal, fauna} {natural phenomenon } {artifact } {person, human being} {attribute, property } {plant, flora} {body, corpus} {possession} {cognition, knowledge} {process} The WordNet hierarchy {communication} {quantity, amount} is about 16 levels {event, happening} {relation } {feeling, emotion} {shape} {food} {state, condition} {group, collection} {substance} {location, place } {time} {motive} Jarrar © 2012 12
13.
WordNet Relations: Meronymy
• A synset {x, x′, . . .} is meronym of the synset {y, y′, . . .} if native English speakers accept sentences like y has an x (as a part) or An x is a part of y. E. g., Finger is part of Hand , Hand is part of Arm, Arm is part of Body. • Meronymy is transitive (with qualification) and asymmetrical relations, and forms a part hierarchy.. • Synsets may have multiple hypernyms {Container} Any object that can {Furniture, Piece of furniture {Stream} {Arrangement} be used .. , Article of furniture} A natural body of An orderly grouping running water… Furnishings that make a room…. (of things or… {River} {Categorization, {Drawer} {Bureau, Dresser, {Table} {Array} A large natural Classification} A boxlike container Chest of Drawers,} A piece of furniture stream of ... An orderly arrangement A group of people or things in a.. Furniture with drawers for having a smooth … arranged… keeping clothes {Desk} {Nile} {Table, Tabular Array} {Matrix} {shelf} A piece of furniture with The world's A set of data arranged in rows A rectangular array A support that a writing surface… longest.. and columns of quantities … consists… {Booth} {work table} {Calendar} {Periodic Table} {Support} A tabular array{Contents, a tabular arrangement A table (in a restaurant or A table designed… of the days.. Any device that bar) surrounded by two… TableOfContents} of the chemical elem… bears.. Jarrar © 2012 A list of divisions… 13
14.
Exercise Find the hyponyms
and meronyms of this synset {car, auto, automobile, machine, motorcar} Jarrar © 2012 14
15.
WordNet Relations: Another
Example [Vossen] Hyponymy and meronymy relations are: • transitive • directed {conveyance,transport} {vehicle} meronyms {motor vehicle, automotive vehicle} {car mirror} {armrest} hyper(o)nym {car door} {doorlock} {car, auto, automobile, machine, motorcar} {bumper} {hinge, {car window} flexible joint} hyponym {cruiser, squad car, patrol car, {cab, taxi, hack, taxicab} police car, prowl car} Jarrar © 2012 15
16.
WordNet Relations: Antonymy •
The antonym of a word x is sometimes not-x, but not always. For example, rich and poor are antonyms, but to say that someone is not rich does not imply that they must be poor; many people consider themselves neither rich nor poor. • Antonymy, which seems to be a simple symmetric relation, is actually quite complex, yet speakers of English have little difficulty recognizing antonyms when they see them. For example, the meanings {rise, ascend } and {fall, descend} may be conceptual opposites, but they are not antonyms; [rise/fall] are antonyms and so are [ascend/descend], but most people hesitate and look thoughtful when asked if rise and descend, or ascend and fall, are antonyms • Antonymy is a lexical relation between word forms, not a semantic relation between word meanings. Or, some call it semantic relations between words [MPC93]. {Rise, Uprise, Come up, {Hot} {Cold} Go up, Move up, Lift} {Fall, Come Down, Go Used of physical Having a low or Move upward heat; having.. inadequate.. Down, Descend} {Ascend, Move up, Rise} Move downward and lower, but not {New} {Worn} necessarily all the way Unaffected by use Move to a better position in life … Affected by wear; or exposure damaged by … {Ascend, Go up} Travel up {New} {Old} {Set, Go down, Go Under} Not of long Of long duration {Ascend, Come (astronomy) disappear beyond the horizon duration; having.. up, Rise, Uprise} {Old} {Young, Immature} (astronomy) come up, of having lived celestial bodies in an early period of life… for a relatively Jarrar © 2012 16
17.
Other WordNet Relations •
Although the main interest of WordNet was on specifying semantic relations but other lexical/morphological relations between word forms were added. • For example: stems, singular-plural, verb tenses, etc. Jarrar © 2012 17
18.
Is WordNet a
Thesaurus? [Fellbaum] Yes: • it groups together meaningfully related words No: • It labels the relations • The relations are limited • Related words are linked to specific concepts (disambiguated); thesaurus is a “bag of words” • Many words linked in WordNet do not co-occur in the same thesaurus entry • WordNet allows one to measure and quantify the semantic similarity or distance among words and concepts Jarrar © 2012 18
19.
Outline • The English
WordNet • Euro WordNet • Global WordNet Jarrar © 2012 19
20.
EURO WordNet
[Vossen] • The development of a multilingual database with WordNets for several European languages. • Funded by the European Commission, DG XIII, LE2-4003 and LE4-8328 • March 1996 - September 1999 (2.5 Million EURO) http://www.hum.uva.nl/~ewn http://www.illc.uva.nl/EuroWordNet/finalresults-ewn.html • Languages covered: EuroWordNet-1 (LE2-4003): English, Dutch, Spanish, Italian EuroWordNet-2 (LE4-8328): German, French, Czech, Estonian. • Size of vocabulary: EuroWordNet-1: 30,000 concepts - 50,000 word meanings. EuroWordNet-2: 15,000 concepts- 25,000 word meaning. • Type of vocabulary: the most frequent words of the languages all concepts needed to relate more specific concepts. Jarrar © 2012 20
21.
EURO WordNet Model
[Vossen] Domains Ontology move bewegen Traffic 2OrderEntity go gaan III Air Road` Location Dynamic III ride drive rijden berijden I I III III II II Lexical Items Table Lexical Items Table Lexical Items Table Lexical Items Table ILI-record {drive} III III cabalgar II II conducir guidare cavalcare jinetear Inter-Lingual-Index III III mover I = Language Independent link andare transitar II = Link from Language Specific muoversi to Inter lingual Index III = Language Dependent Link Jarrar © 2012 21
22.
The Multilingual Design
[Vossen] • Inter-Lingual-Index: unstructured fund of concepts to provide an efficient mapping across the languages; • Index-records are mainly based on WordNet synsets and consist of synonyms, glosses and source references; • Various types of complex equivalence relations are distinguished; • Equivalence relations from synsets to index records: not on a word- to-word basis; • Indirect matching of synsets linked to the same index items; Jarrar © 2012 22
23.
EURO WordNet Model
[Vossen] • WordNets are unique language-specific structures: same organizational principles: synset structure and same set of semantic relations. different lexicalizations differences in synonymy and homonymy: "decoration" in English versus "versiersel/versiering" in Dutch "bank" in English (money/river) versus "bank" in Dutch (money/furniture) •BUT also different relations for similar synsets Jarrar © 2012 23
24.
Some Downsides of
the EuroWordNet Model [Vossen] • Construction is not done uniformly • Coverage differs • Not all wordnets can communicate with one another, i.e. linked to different versions of English wordnet • Proprietary rights restrict free access and usage • A lot of semantics is duplicated • Complex and obscure equivalence relations due to linguistic differences between English and other languages Jarrar © 2012 24
25.
Outline • The English
WordNet • Euro WordNet • Global WordNet Jarrar © 2012 25
26.
From EuroWordNet to
Global WordNet http://www.globalwordnet.org EuroWordNet ended in 1999 Global Wordnet Association was founded in 2000 to maintain the framework: http://www.globalwordnet.org Currently, wordnets exist for more than 50 languages, including: Arabic, Bantu, Basque, Chinese, Bulgarian, Estonian, Hebrew, Icelandic, Japanese, Kannada, Korean, Latvian, Nepali, Persian, Romanian, Sanskrit, Tamil, Thai, Turkish, Zulu... Many languages are genetically and typologically unrelated Jarrar © 2012 26
27.
From EuroWordNet to
Global WordNet [Vossen] • EuroWordNet ended in 1999 • Global Wordnet Association was founded in 2000 to maintain the framework: http://www.globalwordnet.org • Currently, wordnets exist for more than 50 languages, including: Arabic, Bantu, Basque, Chinese, Bulgarian, Estonian, Hebrew, Icelandic, Japanese, Kannada, Korean, Latvian, Nepali, Persian, Romanian, Sanskrit, Tamil, Thai, Turkish, Zulu... • Many languages are genetically and typologically unrelated The Arabic WordNet extension was not successful, will be explained later. Jarrar © 2012 27
28.
Global WordNet Model
[Vossen] Construct separate wordnets for each language Contributors from each language encode the same core set of concepts plus culture/language-specific ones Synsets (concepts) are mapped cross linguistically via an ontology instead of just the English Wordnet Jarrar © 2012 28
Descargar ahora