Autism and Assistive Technology - 2nd Oct 2012
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Presentation by Amanda Hartmann in Doha, QATAR - 2nd Oct 2012
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Autism and Assistive Technology - 2nd Oct 2012
- 1. Spectronics Inclusive Learning Technologies Autism Masterclass
- 2. Amanda Hartmann Inclusive Technology Consultant (Speech Pathologist)
- 13. What do you hope to learn today? Goals
- 14. I want to change your cycle..... Crazy or success?
- 15. OVERVIEW • What is Autism? • Technology • Communication • Behaviour • Social development • Questions
- 16. What is Autism? Part 1
- 17. Autism Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) Range of conditions that share common characteristics, including difficulties with communicating, problem solving and interacting.
- 19. Behaviour Your student Social Development Communication
- 21. Early warning signs Seek advice if you see some or many of these behaviours: • Doesn't smile at familiar people • Doesn't respond to name • Doesn't easily engage in or even enjoy games • Doesn't use eye contact • Doesn't point to things • Doesn't understand instructions
- 22. Early warning signs, more... Seek advice if you see some or many of these behaviours: • Intense interest in narrow range of topics • Obsessed with one game or toy • Easily upset by change, demands routine • Unusual body movements • Extremely sensitive to sensory experiences • Seeks sensory stimulation
- 23. Functional assessment Needs Strengths Motivators Challenging behaviours
- 25. Functional assessment • Look at the child in context, and the behaviour in a real context • What are the functions of the behaviour- what and why is the child achieving? • Plan and implement strategies
- 26. Behaviours • Make descriptions of behaviour specific • What exactly, when exactly, where? • Record frequency and duration • Record reactions and consequences to intervention
- 27. Functions of the behaviour... • Escape/ avoidance of a situation • Attention gained from the action • Getting access to a tangible item or activity • Automatic personal reinforcement or sensory input
- 29. Other disability groups • Speech and language impairments • Physical impairments • Intellectual impairments • Learning difficulties • Sensory impairments
- 30. Overview of the Technology Part 2
- 31. Technology Currently being used: • Computers/ laptops • Specialised software • Websites • Mobile tablet technologies, eg iPad • Growing and expanding
- 32. Key principles to using technology for students with Autism • Must be VISUAL • Be implemented with positive behavioural supports • Must be functional, motivating and interactive
- 33. Technology Integrate use to: • Improve and develop a communication system • Assist development of social skills • Enhance ability to learn
- 34. Low tech Symbol cards Symbol boards Visual tools Sign language
- 35. Range of technology for communication Symbols Software Communication devices iPad apps
- 36. iPad revolution iPad craze iPad frenzy
- 37. • User-friendly • Engaging • Multi-Functional New technologies • Mobile and portable • Easily accessed • "Normal" • Motivating • Cost effective
- 38. Challenges and solutions... • Durability Solution: protective cases and coverings
- 39. Challenges and solutions... • Finding the right Apps/program's Solution: access blogs and websites that review apps, Autism Apps.
- 40. Challenges and solutions... • One size fits all? Solution: no quick fix, no single solution, team assessment and problem solving
- 41. Challenges and solutions... • Abandonment of other valuable strategies Solution: don't throw the baby out with the bath water.. The iPad is just one tool in our tool kit.
- 43. Challenges and solutions... • ICT .... ie... It Can't Teach Solution: not the total solution, success relies on the teacher still teaching
- 44. Challenges and solutions... • Training and support Solution: funding to support ongoing and continuing professional development, access to the right training
- 45. Challenges and solutions... • Ongoing support to implement Solution: access to regular support services and therapies, collect and review data
- 46. Challenges and solutions... • iPad obsession and keeping kids on task Solution: Limited music, video and entertainment apps, Use within structured time limits, Use together, encouraging interaction and engagement, iOS 6 - Guided Access
- 47. REMEMBER.... Continue to support students: • With clear goals and objectives • While continuing to collect data • While reviewing what works and what doesn't • And stay flexible and ready to make changes on the run
- 48. Communication Part 3
- 49. Communication skills Affected in different ways • Significant delays in speaking, use and understand fewer words • Not speaking at all (nonverbal)
- 50. Communication In those children who do develop speech • Copy or echo words (echolalia) with no real meaning attached • Difficulty initiating communication • Talk about their special interests • Difficulty using language for a range of purposes • Use and understand a limited set of vocabulary
- 51. Goals • Increase use and understanding of words • Improve comprehension and listening skills • Develop and extend vocabulary • Develop and extend spoken language skills
- 52. Software plus To expand and support oral language • Practical examples • Clicker • Symwriter • Symbol activities- language activities, songs and stories
- 54. Songs
- 55. Stories
- 57. Apps for oral language
- 58. Interactive apps • Create a car • Cookie doodle • My PlayHome • ClickySticky • Toca Tea Party
- 59. Structured learning apps • Special words • Splingo! • ABA flashcards • Speech with Milo
- 60. Sentence building apps • Sentences builder • Rainbow sentences • The bag game
- 61. Communication Nonverbal • Children with little or no speech • Need to be given alternative ways to communicate (commonly called AAC) • Devices and apps • Don't forget low tech • Multimodal approach
- 62. Alternative and augmentative communication (AAC) Augmentative communication is the use of materials or techniques that supplement existing verbal abilities. Alternative communication is communication methods used by a person without any verbal ability. (Vanderheiden and Yoder, 1986)
- 63. Goals • Establish a system of communication • Present a range of modes as the person selects their preferred method
- 64. Before you do anything.... • Consult with team • Trial and test apps/devices if possible • Be prepared to invest time and money into programming, training team members and implementation
- 65. Tips for success.. • Specific Vocabulary selection and design • To be engaging, interactive, fun, motivating and purposeful • Modelling of device/ board/ book
- 66. Picture exchange Low tech Aided Language boards
- 67. Communication Devices Practical ideas and suggestions
- 68. IPads and Apps for AAC
- 69. Apps for AAC list http://www.spectronicsinoz.com/iphoneipad-apps-for-aac
- 70. Apps for AAC Symbol based • Proloquo2go • Sonoflex • Grid player • Sounding board • Alexicom
- 71. Apps for AAC Text-based • Verbally • Predictable
- 72. Apps for AAC Social communication • Pictello • Creative Book Builder
- 73. Behaviour Part 4
- 74. Behaviour Complex and variable • Prefer routines and sameness and dislike change • Meltdowns • Repetitive behaviours • Obsess over particular interest areas • Sensory challenges affect behaviours • Seek sensory stimulation
- 75. Behaviour supported with Visual tools
- 76. Benefits of visual tools • Provides positive behaviour support • Maintains routines and schedules but also can visually show when changes occur • Provides clear expectations • Steps within task are made clear • Keeps student on task • Allows team to use consistent language and provide consistent feedback to students
- 77. Visual tools are useful for: • Schedules, timetables and routines • Class rules • First -then • Visual timers • Rewards • Organising the environment
- 78. Created in... • Symwriter • Boardmaker • On iPad using variety of apps
- 79. Schedules
- 80. Schedules
- 81. Timetables
- 82. Rules
- 83. Rules
- 84. First - then
- 85. Apps for schedules, timetables, routines,class rules and first-then • Proloquo2Go • iCommunicate • Visual routines • iPrompts XL • Choiceworks • First Then
- 86. Visual Timers • APPS: • Bang! boom! Buzzer • Visual Timer • iPrompts XL • Time Timer • Sharing timer
- 87. Rewards • Low tech • iPad as the reward • App: iEarntThat • App: Token board
- 88. Rewards
- 89. Rewards
- 90. Organise the environment • Photos • Symbols • Pictello
- 91. Social development Part 5
- 92. Social development Early social interaction is difficult • Appear uninterested in social contact • Difficult to engage and interact with • Rarely show interest in others • May not respond to others • Little eye contact • Rarely chat or play with others
- 93. Goals for interaction • Engagement • Eye contact and interaction • Turn taking • Language stimulation • Listening and following directions • Requesting and commenting • Learning in a fun way!
- 94. Low tech/ no tech • Intensive interaction • Imitating • Following the child's lead • Motivators
- 95. Apps for interaction • Toca Boca • Sound Touch • Playschool Art Maker • Aunty Maggie's recipe • Stop & Go
- 96. Social development In those children who do develop speech • Difficulty using language appropriately in conversations • Difficulty understanding social rules and expected behaviours • Cannot initiate and maintain conversations • Difficulty making and keeping friends • Unable to effectively solve social problems and negotiate • Problems expressing and understanding feelings and emotions
- 97. Teaching Social skills requires: • Team determining target behaviours • Pre teaching of social skills in small groups, and in natural, familiar and real settings • Rewarding and recognising behaviours • Consistent feedback about behaviours • Feedback can be given immediately after a social error • Then reviewed at a calm and responsive time
- 98. SEE THINK DO SAY Build internal dialogue
- 99. Social Stories Visual, video, photo stories created for specific learning of specific social behaviours Originally developed by Carol Gray www.thegraycentre.org
- 100. Can be used: • To prepare someone for new events and experiences • To teach positive behaviour • To teach a new skill
- 101. The structure • 3 types of sentences • Descriptive - provide information • Perspective - describe internal states • Directive - tells the person what to do to be successful
- 103. Tips and tricks • Write from the individual's perspective • Write in present tense • Use positive language • One skill per story • Visual supports • Involve the person or their team
- 104. Tips for implementing • One at a time • Practice BEFORE the challenging situation occurs • Clear instructions for use • Consistent across all support • Review and revise
- 105. Create with • Clicker • PowerPoint • A variety of Apps: Pictello, Puppet Pals
- 106. Super low tech...
- 107. Super low tech....
- 108. Convert to symbols
- 109. Goals and target areas • Feelings • Friendships • Conversations • Conflict resolution • Classroom behaviour
- 110. Feelings • Recognising and identifying feelings • Expressing feelings • Handling feelings of anger, anxiety, stress
- 111. Friendships • Making friends • Maintaining friendships • Sharing, winning and losing • Eye contact, body language, talking and listening.
- 112. Conversations • Conversation rules • Initiating, maintaining and ending conversations • Topics • Taking turns • Asking questions
- 113. Conflict Resolution • Negotiation • Problem solving • Accept ways to resolve conflict • Choices when faced with conflict • Bullying and teasing
- 114. Classroom Behaviours • Listening and attention, following directions • Asking for help • When you don't understand • Interrupting • Asking permission • Answering questions
- 115. Apps for Social Skills
- 116. App suggestions • Emotions • Calm counter • Emotion x • Choiceworks • Smarty Pants • Conversation builder • My life skills box • Friends Book • Social skills builder • iPrompts XL
- 117. Questions Specific technology questions and solutions
- 118. Write 123...... • 1 thing you are going to do tomorrow that will make a difference immediately • 2 things that you are going to get more information on • 3 things that you are going show other people where you work
- 119. Apps for Special Education By the Spectronics Consultancy Team spectronics.com.au/blog/apple
- 122. Spectronics Consultancy Team consultants@spectronics.com.au