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República Bolivariana de Venezuela
Ministerio de Educación Universitaria
Misión Sucre
Inglés I
Score
UNIT III – 20%
Full name: Yuleidy Colina I.D. 19928102
Full name: __________________________________________________ I.D. ________________________
Instrucciones:
1. Lee el texto.
2. Elabora en resumen en español, siguiendo los lineamientos o pautas definidas en la guía de
estudio (No se pide TRADUCCIÓN TOTAL DEL TEXTO) 10pts
3. Construye un mapa mental del texto en español, siguiendo los lineamientos o
procedimientos para su diseño. 10pts.
TEXTO: NEUROSCIENCE
Neuroscience is the scientific study of the nervous system. Traditionally, neuroscience has been
seen as a branch of biology. However, it is currently an interdisciplinary science that
collaborates with other fields such as chemistry, computer science, engineering, linguistics,
mathematics, medicine, philosophy, physics, and psychology. The term neurobiology is usually
used interchangeably with the term neuroscience, although the former refers specifically to the
biology of the nervous system, whereas the latter refers to the entire science of the nervous system.
The scope of neuroscience has broadened to include different approaches used to study the
molecular, cellular, developmental, structural, functional, evolutionary, computational, and
medical aspects of the nervous system. The techniques used by neuroscientists have also
expanded enormously, from molecular and cellular studies of individual nerve cells to imaging of
sensory and motor tasks in the brain. Recent theoretical advances in neuroscience have also
been aided by the study of neural networks.
Modern neuroscience education and research activities can be very roughly categorized into the
following major branches, based on the subject and scale of the system in examination as well as
distinct experimental or curricular approaches. Individual neuroscientists, however, often work on
questions that span several distinct subfields.
BRANCH DESCRIPTION
Behavioral neuroscience (also known as biological psychology, biopsychology, or
Behavioral psychobiology) is the application of the principles of biology (viz., neurobiology)
neuroscience to the study of genetic, physiological, and developmental mechanisms of behavior
in humans and non-human animals.
Cellular Cellular neuroscience is the study of neurons at a cellular level including

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neuroscience morphology and physiological properties.
This consists of medical specialties such as neurology and psychiatry, among
others. Neurology is the medical specialty that works with disorders of the
Clinical
nervous system. Psychiatry is the medical specialty that works with the disorders
neuroscience
of the mind—which include various affective, behavioral, cognitive, and
perceptual disorders. (Also see note below.)
Cognitive Cognitive neuroscience is the study of biological substrates underlying cognition
neuroscience with a specific focus on the neural substrates of mental processes.
Computational neuroscience is the study of brain function in terms of the
Computational information processing properties of the structures that make up the nervous
neuroscience system. Computational neuroscience can also refer to the use of computer
simulations and theoretical models to study the function of the nervous system.
Cultural Cultural neuroscience is the study of how cultural values, practices and beliefs
neuroscience shape and are shaped by the mind, brain and genes across multiple timescales.
Developmental neuroscience studies the processes that generate, shape, and
Developmental
reshape the nervous system and seeks to describe the cellular basis of neural
neuroscience
development to address underlying mechanisms.
Molecular Neuroscience is a branch of neuroscience that examines the biology of
Molecular
the nervous system with molecular biology, molecular genetics, protein chemistry,
neuroscience
and related methodologies.
Neuroengineering is a discipline within biomedical engineering that uses
Neuroengineering
engineering techniques to understand, repair, replace, or enhance neural systems.
Neuroimaging includes the use of various techniques to either directly or
Neuroimaging
indirectly image the structure and function of the brain.
Neuroinformatics is a discipline within bioinformatics that conducts the
Neuroinformatics organization of neuroscience data and application of computational models and
analytical tools.
Neurolinguistics is the study of the neural mechanisms in the human brain that
Neurolinguistics
control the comprehension, production, and acquisition of language.
Neurophysiology is the study of the functioning of the nervous system, generally
using physiological techniques that include measurement and stimulation with
Neurophysiology
electrodes or optically with ion- or voltage-sensitive dyes or light-sensitive
channels.
Social neuroscience is an interdisciplinary field devoted to understanding how
Social biological systems implement social processes and behavior, and to using
neuroscience biological concepts and methods to inform and refine theories of social processes
and behavior.
Systems
Systems neuroscience is the study the function of neural circuits and systems.
neuroscience

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Neurociencia
Neurociencia Neurociencia
Celular Neurociencia Cognitiva
Clínica
Neurociencia Desarrollo de la Neurociencia
Computacional Neurociencia Molecular
Neuroimagen Neuroinformática
Neurolingüística
Neurociencia
Neuroingeniería Neurociencia De sistemas
Social