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Who is Ramana Maharishi?.

An awe inspiring sage
whose presence graced
the renowned the sacred
Arunachala hill of
Thiruvannamalai, in
Tamilnadu during the first
half of 20th century. He
was known throughout as
a silent sage whose
peaceful presence and
powerful gaze changed
the lives of many.
Who is Ramana Maharishi?.

Encouraged people
to look within and
decide whether
they were actually
the body or the
changeless eternal
self within.
Who is Ramana Maharishi?.
Born on
December 30
1879
 seemingly as an
ordinary mortal at a
certain point of his life
in an instant of
realization that he
grasped that his
inmost awareness was
actually that of the
universal self. There
was no struggle for
self awareness.
Sri Ramana Maharshi
        December 30, 1879 – April 14, 1950


born Venkataraman Iyer, was
an Indian sage.
 He was born to a Tamil Hindu
Brahmin family in Tiruchuzhi,
Tamil Nadu. After having
attained liberation at the age
of 16, he left home for
Arunachala, a mountain
considered sacred by Hindus,
at Tiruvannamalai, and lived
there for the rest of his life.
Early years

Born in Tiruchuzhi,
Tamilnadu, near
Madurai.
Named as
Venkataraman
In Madurai, living
with his uncle
attended Scott’s
Middle school
The Awakening, July 17, 1896
In 1892 Venkatraman’s
(Age 12) father Sundaram
Iyer died at the age of 42.
He contemplated on the
subject of death ,how his
father’s body was still
there but the “I” was gone.
Attended American Mission
High School.
In 1895 he met an elderly
relative from “Arunachala”,
enquired about the
location.
The Awakening, July 17, 1896
On the above day at age
16 Venkatraman had a life
changing experience.
He spontaneouly initiated a
process of self enquiry.
Dramatized death .
The body is dead. Am I
dead?. Is the body I?. I am
the spirit transcending the
body.
On Aug 29th 1896
Arunachala, Thiruvannamalai,Location
            in Tamilnadu
Thiruvannamalai
Thiruvannamalai
 This is one of the places attributed to five
elements viz., earth, water, fire, sky and
air. This place is dedicated to the Fire
element, whereas Chidambaram is Akasa
sthala. It is also said that one attains
salvation by merely thinking about
Thiruvannamalai. The beautiful hill is said
to be abode of sages.
Located 187 Km from Chennai
Tiruvannamalai, at the foot of Arunachala,
is a town of medium size, 120 miles
southwest of Chennai, an ancient village
with a large and splendid temple.
Yearly festivals draw large crowds of
pilgrims to Tiruvannamalai from all over
South India.
 This is especially so at Karthigai (known
also as Deepam), which usually falls in
November. On this occasion a beacon light
of clarified butter (ghee) is lit at nightfall
on the summit of the mountain.
Think of Arunachala, you get liberation
Expressed in the old Tamil
saying: “To see
Chidambaram, to be born at
Tiruvarur, to die at Banaras
or even to think of
Arunachala is to be assured
of Liberation.”
 “Even to think of” because in
the case of the direct path
physical contact is not
necessary.
 Hence, it was no accident
that the Maharshi made
Tiruvannamalai and its sacred
Arunachala mountain his
home
Thiruvannamalai
Thiruvannamalai temple
Temple towers Thiruvannamalai
Arunachala

Venkataraman meditated
in many caves although
was disturbed by local
children often.
Gurumurtam, Virupaksha
cave , Patala Lingam vault,
Where he spent days in
samadhi. Finally for 17
years he moved to
Virupaksha cave.
A sadhu named
Palaniswami had his first
darshan of swami and
since then stayed with him
serving him.
Family discovers his whereabouts

Family members
requested him to
return.
December of 1898
his brother and
mother begged
him to return,
appealed to the
devotees.
Venkataraman’s response

“ In accordance with the prarbdha of each
the one whose function is to ordain makes
each to act. What will not happen will
never happen , whatever effort one may
put forth. What will happen will not fail to
happen, however much one may seek to
prevent it. This is certain. The part of
wisdom is to stay quiet.”
At this point the mother returned to
Madurai
Ramana’s first teachings

IN 1902 a government
official Sivaprakasam
Pillai with writing slate
in hand asked “how to
know one’s true
identity?.”
 The 14 questions put
to young swami and his
answers were
Ramana’s first
teachings. Widely
known eventually
published as “ Nan
Yar?.”
How the Maharishi got his name

Several visitors came to
him. Kavyakantha sri
Ganapati Sastri, a vedic
scholar came to see him
in 1907. After
receiving instructions
from him he proclaimed
him as Sri Ramana
Maharishi .
Life of a renunciate
Led a modest and
renunciate life.
Just used a kaupina.
“A wrong popular
image..always in
samadhi.”
David Goldman has
written extensively .
From the period the
ashram began to rise
around him after his
mother arrived
Ramana was active in
ashram activities
The Westerners discover
           Ramana
In 1911 Frank
Humphreys discovered
Ramana and wrote
articles on him in The
International Psychic
gazette in 1913.
It was Paul Brunton
published the first
book “A Search of
Secret India “
Other notable visitors
Paramahansa
Yogananda.
Somerset
Maugham. 1944
novel The”Razor’s
Edge” models its
spiritual Guru Sri
Ramana
Julian P Johnson
Arthur Osborne
Book on Ramana
Many Books On Ramana
Power of silence
Sri Ramana was noted
for his belief in the
power of silence and
his relatively sparse
use of speech
lack of concern for
fame or criticism.
Life style remained
that of a renunciate.
Never travelled
outside.
Final Years
In November of 1948 a
cancerous lump developed
in Maharishi’s arm and was
removed in Feb of 1949.
Refused complete
amputation of arm.
After three operations on
the evening of
14th april 1950 while his
disciples were chanting “
Arunachala siva
Arunachala siva”
Bhagavan was in radiant
joy ,at 8.47 PM breathing
stopped
Bhagavan’s demise
At 8.47 on 14th
april 1950 all
over India there
were
independent
reports of seeing
a bright light
rising into sky
Bhagavan’s demise as reported
           by Henri Cartier- Bresson
It is a most astonishing experience .
I was in the open space in front of
my house when my friends drew
attention to the sky ,where I saw a
vividly luminous shooting star with a
luminous tail coming from the south
moving slowly acoss the sky. We
raced to the ashram only to find our
premonition had been only sadly
true.
Method of teaching

Urged people to practice self enquiry.
Directed people to look inward rather than
seeking outward for realization.
The true Bhagavan resides in your heart
as your true self. This is who I truly am.
He viewed all who came to see him as the
Self rather than lesser beings. ( “The Jnani
sees no one as an ajnani. All are only
Jnanis in his sight”)
Maharishi’s love for animals

Lakshmi the
ashram cow.
Animals treated as
equals. Sick
animals were
brought to
Bhagavan.
Felt that animals
could get salvation
or Moksha
His love for animals
                     Favorite cow Lakshmi


 Believed that
animals also can
reach salvation
Teachers in his tradition

Considered his own
Guru to be self in
the form of sacred
mountain
Arunachala,
Did not publicize
himself as a Guru,
Never claimed to
have disciples and
never appointed
any successors
Teachings



Encouraged study of Ashtravakra
Gita, Yoga Vashishta, Tripura
Rahasya, Kaivalya navaneetam,
Ellam Onre.
Unlike traditional advaitic school
discouraged most who came to him
from adopting a renunciate life style
Teachings


Path of Knowledge (Jnana
Marga)
Consistent with Upanishads
and advata vedanta, gave his
approval to a variety of paths
and practices.
Method of teachings

He charged no money, and was
adamant that no one ever ask for
money or anything else in his name.
He never promoted or called
attention to himself. Instead Ramana
remained in one place for 54 years,
offering spiritual guidance to anyone
of any background who came to him
and ask nothing in return.
Method of teachings

He considered
humility to be the
highest quality.
that equality
towards all was a
true sign of
liberation , and
that a true jnani
did was always for
others, not
themselves.
Grace and Guru



I have not said that a Guru is not necessary. But a
Guru need not always be in human form. First a
person thinks that he is an inferior and that there is a
superior, all-knowing, all powerful God who controls
his own and the world's destiny and worships him or
does Bhakti. When he reaches a certain stage and
becomes fit for enlightenment, the same God whom
he was worshipping comes as Guru and leads him on.
That Guru comes only to tell him that ‘God is within
yourself. Dive within and realize.’ God, Guru and the
Self are the same.
Renunciation

Asked “How does a grihastha (householder) fare in the scheme
of Moksha (liberation)?”
 Bhagavan said, “Why do you think you are a grihastha? If you
go out as a sannyasi (ascetic), a similar thought that you are a
sannyasi will haunt you. Whether you continue in the household
or renounce it and go to the forest, your mind goes with you.
The ego is the source of all thought. It creates the body and the
world and makes you think you are a grihastha .
 The obstacle is the mind. It must be got over whether at home
or in the forest.
If you can do it in the forest, why not at home? Therefore, why
change your environment? Your efforts can be made even now -
in whatever environment you are now. The environment will
never change according to your desire.”
Essential Message


Who Am I ? Enquiry
For all thoughts the source
is the 'I' thought. The mind
will merge only by Self-
enquiry 'Who am I?' The
thought 'Who am l?' will
destroy all other thoughts
and finally kill itself also.
Ramana’s teaching

“If a man considers he is born he cannot
avoid the fear of death. Let him find out if
he has been born or if the Self has any
birth. He will discover that the Self always
exists, that the body which is born
resolves itself into thought and that the
emergence of thought is the root of all
mischief. Find where from thoughts
emerge. Then you will abide in the ever-
present inmost Self and be free from the
idea of birth or the fear of death.”
Arunachala Ashrama - New York
         Edgerton Boulevard

Jamaica, NY 11432-2937 (718) 560-3196
Ramanashrama Today
Raman Maharshi

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Raman Maharshi

  • 1. Who is Ramana Maharishi?. An awe inspiring sage whose presence graced the renowned the sacred Arunachala hill of Thiruvannamalai, in Tamilnadu during the first half of 20th century. He was known throughout as a silent sage whose peaceful presence and powerful gaze changed the lives of many.
  • 2. Who is Ramana Maharishi?. Encouraged people to look within and decide whether they were actually the body or the changeless eternal self within.
  • 3. Who is Ramana Maharishi?. Born on December 30 1879 seemingly as an ordinary mortal at a certain point of his life in an instant of realization that he grasped that his inmost awareness was actually that of the universal self. There was no struggle for self awareness.
  • 4. Sri Ramana Maharshi December 30, 1879 – April 14, 1950 born Venkataraman Iyer, was an Indian sage. He was born to a Tamil Hindu Brahmin family in Tiruchuzhi, Tamil Nadu. After having attained liberation at the age of 16, he left home for Arunachala, a mountain considered sacred by Hindus, at Tiruvannamalai, and lived there for the rest of his life.
  • 5. Early years Born in Tiruchuzhi, Tamilnadu, near Madurai. Named as Venkataraman In Madurai, living with his uncle attended Scott’s Middle school
  • 6. The Awakening, July 17, 1896 In 1892 Venkatraman’s (Age 12) father Sundaram Iyer died at the age of 42. He contemplated on the subject of death ,how his father’s body was still there but the “I” was gone. Attended American Mission High School. In 1895 he met an elderly relative from “Arunachala”, enquired about the location.
  • 7. The Awakening, July 17, 1896 On the above day at age 16 Venkatraman had a life changing experience. He spontaneouly initiated a process of self enquiry. Dramatized death . The body is dead. Am I dead?. Is the body I?. I am the spirit transcending the body. On Aug 29th 1896
  • 10. Thiruvannamalai This is one of the places attributed to five elements viz., earth, water, fire, sky and air. This place is dedicated to the Fire element, whereas Chidambaram is Akasa sthala. It is also said that one attains salvation by merely thinking about Thiruvannamalai. The beautiful hill is said to be abode of sages. Located 187 Km from Chennai
  • 11. Tiruvannamalai, at the foot of Arunachala, is a town of medium size, 120 miles southwest of Chennai, an ancient village with a large and splendid temple. Yearly festivals draw large crowds of pilgrims to Tiruvannamalai from all over South India. This is especially so at Karthigai (known also as Deepam), which usually falls in November. On this occasion a beacon light of clarified butter (ghee) is lit at nightfall on the summit of the mountain.
  • 12. Think of Arunachala, you get liberation Expressed in the old Tamil saying: “To see Chidambaram, to be born at Tiruvarur, to die at Banaras or even to think of Arunachala is to be assured of Liberation.” “Even to think of” because in the case of the direct path physical contact is not necessary. Hence, it was no accident that the Maharshi made Tiruvannamalai and its sacred Arunachala mountain his home
  • 16. Arunachala Venkataraman meditated in many caves although was disturbed by local children often. Gurumurtam, Virupaksha cave , Patala Lingam vault, Where he spent days in samadhi. Finally for 17 years he moved to Virupaksha cave. A sadhu named Palaniswami had his first darshan of swami and since then stayed with him serving him.
  • 17. Family discovers his whereabouts Family members requested him to return. December of 1898 his brother and mother begged him to return, appealed to the devotees.
  • 18. Venkataraman’s response “ In accordance with the prarbdha of each the one whose function is to ordain makes each to act. What will not happen will never happen , whatever effort one may put forth. What will happen will not fail to happen, however much one may seek to prevent it. This is certain. The part of wisdom is to stay quiet.” At this point the mother returned to Madurai
  • 19. Ramana’s first teachings IN 1902 a government official Sivaprakasam Pillai with writing slate in hand asked “how to know one’s true identity?.” The 14 questions put to young swami and his answers were Ramana’s first teachings. Widely known eventually published as “ Nan Yar?.”
  • 20.
  • 21. How the Maharishi got his name Several visitors came to him. Kavyakantha sri Ganapati Sastri, a vedic scholar came to see him in 1907. After receiving instructions from him he proclaimed him as Sri Ramana Maharishi .
  • 22. Life of a renunciate Led a modest and renunciate life. Just used a kaupina. “A wrong popular image..always in samadhi.” David Goldman has written extensively . From the period the ashram began to rise around him after his mother arrived Ramana was active in ashram activities
  • 23. The Westerners discover Ramana In 1911 Frank Humphreys discovered Ramana and wrote articles on him in The International Psychic gazette in 1913. It was Paul Brunton published the first book “A Search of Secret India “
  • 24. Other notable visitors Paramahansa Yogananda. Somerset Maugham. 1944 novel The”Razor’s Edge” models its spiritual Guru Sri Ramana Julian P Johnson Arthur Osborne
  • 26. Many Books On Ramana
  • 27. Power of silence Sri Ramana was noted for his belief in the power of silence and his relatively sparse use of speech lack of concern for fame or criticism. Life style remained that of a renunciate. Never travelled outside.
  • 28. Final Years In November of 1948 a cancerous lump developed in Maharishi’s arm and was removed in Feb of 1949. Refused complete amputation of arm. After three operations on the evening of 14th april 1950 while his disciples were chanting “ Arunachala siva Arunachala siva” Bhagavan was in radiant joy ,at 8.47 PM breathing stopped
  • 29. Bhagavan’s demise At 8.47 on 14th april 1950 all over India there were independent reports of seeing a bright light rising into sky
  • 30. Bhagavan’s demise as reported by Henri Cartier- Bresson It is a most astonishing experience . I was in the open space in front of my house when my friends drew attention to the sky ,where I saw a vividly luminous shooting star with a luminous tail coming from the south moving slowly acoss the sky. We raced to the ashram only to find our premonition had been only sadly true.
  • 31. Method of teaching Urged people to practice self enquiry. Directed people to look inward rather than seeking outward for realization. The true Bhagavan resides in your heart as your true self. This is who I truly am. He viewed all who came to see him as the Self rather than lesser beings. ( “The Jnani sees no one as an ajnani. All are only Jnanis in his sight”)
  • 32. Maharishi’s love for animals Lakshmi the ashram cow. Animals treated as equals. Sick animals were brought to Bhagavan. Felt that animals could get salvation or Moksha
  • 33. His love for animals Favorite cow Lakshmi Believed that animals also can reach salvation
  • 34. Teachers in his tradition Considered his own Guru to be self in the form of sacred mountain Arunachala, Did not publicize himself as a Guru, Never claimed to have disciples and never appointed any successors
  • 35. Teachings Encouraged study of Ashtravakra Gita, Yoga Vashishta, Tripura Rahasya, Kaivalya navaneetam, Ellam Onre. Unlike traditional advaitic school discouraged most who came to him from adopting a renunciate life style
  • 36. Teachings Path of Knowledge (Jnana Marga) Consistent with Upanishads and advata vedanta, gave his approval to a variety of paths and practices.
  • 37. Method of teachings He charged no money, and was adamant that no one ever ask for money or anything else in his name. He never promoted or called attention to himself. Instead Ramana remained in one place for 54 years, offering spiritual guidance to anyone of any background who came to him and ask nothing in return.
  • 38. Method of teachings He considered humility to be the highest quality. that equality towards all was a true sign of liberation , and that a true jnani did was always for others, not themselves.
  • 39. Grace and Guru I have not said that a Guru is not necessary. But a Guru need not always be in human form. First a person thinks that he is an inferior and that there is a superior, all-knowing, all powerful God who controls his own and the world's destiny and worships him or does Bhakti. When he reaches a certain stage and becomes fit for enlightenment, the same God whom he was worshipping comes as Guru and leads him on. That Guru comes only to tell him that ‘God is within yourself. Dive within and realize.’ God, Guru and the Self are the same.
  • 40. Renunciation Asked “How does a grihastha (householder) fare in the scheme of Moksha (liberation)?” Bhagavan said, “Why do you think you are a grihastha? If you go out as a sannyasi (ascetic), a similar thought that you are a sannyasi will haunt you. Whether you continue in the household or renounce it and go to the forest, your mind goes with you. The ego is the source of all thought. It creates the body and the world and makes you think you are a grihastha . The obstacle is the mind. It must be got over whether at home or in the forest. If you can do it in the forest, why not at home? Therefore, why change your environment? Your efforts can be made even now - in whatever environment you are now. The environment will never change according to your desire.”
  • 41. Essential Message Who Am I ? Enquiry For all thoughts the source is the 'I' thought. The mind will merge only by Self- enquiry 'Who am I?' The thought 'Who am l?' will destroy all other thoughts and finally kill itself also.
  • 42. Ramana’s teaching “If a man considers he is born he cannot avoid the fear of death. Let him find out if he has been born or if the Self has any birth. He will discover that the Self always exists, that the body which is born resolves itself into thought and that the emergence of thought is the root of all mischief. Find where from thoughts emerge. Then you will abide in the ever- present inmost Self and be free from the idea of birth or the fear of death.”
  • 43. Arunachala Ashrama - New York Edgerton Boulevard Jamaica, NY 11432-2937 (718) 560-3196