Breath Holding - Physiology, Hazards & Community Education by Neal W. Pollock...
Ice and Water Rescue Incidents
1. The Training & Preparation of Public Safety & Rescue Personnel
to Respond to Cold Water & Ice Rescue Incidents
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2. The Power of Water
The Power of Water should Never be Underestimated
– its Beauty, Strength or Force.
Life Cannot Exist Without Water -
It Empowers Us and Commands Respect.
Be Ready For It!
Lifesaving Resources
www.lifesaving.com
7. Consulting Services
• Forensic Expert Witness Services
• Product & Educational Materials Development
Training Programs
• Public Safety & Rescue Sector
• Ice Rescue Training
• International Ice Rescue Train-the-Trainer Academy
• Water Rescue Training
• Swiftwater Rescue Training
• International Water Rescue Train-the-Trainer Academy
• Lifeguard & Aquatic Recreation Sector
• Lifeguard In-Service Training
• Lifeguard Operations & Management
• The Scared Straight of Aquatics
• Professional Aquatics Safety Seminar
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8. Lifesaving Resources, LLC is committed to preventing and reducing the
number of drownings and aquatic injuries throughout the U.S. through
the education and training of Public Safety and Rescue personnel and
agencies, including Fire, Rescue, EMS, and Law Enforcement; Lifeguard,
Aquatic and Recreation Professionals; and the General Public.
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10. Frequency : Probability
The more citizens who use your facility or property increases the
probability of a significant incident.
Each day that passes without a significant incident brings you one day
closer to when that incident will occur!
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11. Assess the victim’s physical & emotional condition
Can victim assist in his own rescue or perform self-rescue?
Can you effectively communicate with the victim?
Gain as much intel from the victim as possible
Provide shore-based rescue/assist while deploying rescue personnel
If victim submerges, identify the last seen point &
initiate underwater search as soon as possible
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12. Extend or throw something to the victim to assist the victim in remaining
afloat or against the ice shelf.
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13. Probe for victim from the ice shelf or from a boat or other rescue device.
Be sure dive team has been activated.
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14. • Body cools 25 - 30 times faster in cold water than in air
• Within 10 - 15 minutes, core body temperature begins to
drop
• Arms & legs become numb & useless
• Confusion, loss of consciousness & drowning
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15. • Water temperature
• Protective clothing
• Body size
• Percentage of body fat
• Children cool faster than adults
• Movement in/of the water
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16. AHJ to conduct Threat Assessment
Determine level of operational capability
Plan for the incident
Train for the incident
Acquire resources necessary to
safely & effectively manage the
incident
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17. Identify Physical Hazards
Recognize Activities that Place Persons at increased Risk
Hazard + Risk = Danger
Reduce or Eliminate the Danger
• Warn or remove the hazard
• Safeguard or prohibit the risk
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21. • Recognize the Danger of the Situation
• Assess Rescue Options
• Act to Effect the Rescue
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22. 1) The Safety of the Rescuer
2) The Safety of other Rescuers
3) The Safety of Family Members & Loved Ones
4) The Victim
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23. • Danger of the Situation
• Aspects of the Situation
• Victim’s condition
• Environmental conditions
• Ice
• Water
• Weather
• Light
• Temperature
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24. • Victim’s physical & emotional condition
• Closest point of safety
• Environmental (ice, water, weather & light) conditions
• Equipment required and/or available
• Personnel required and/or available
• Lowest risk method of rescue
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25. • Perform lowest risk rescue possible
• Direct bystanders as needed
• Prepare for EMS intervention
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29. No Ice is Safe Ice!!
Dangerous conditions include:
• Ice clouded with air bubbles
• Partially submerged obstacles
• Ice over moving water
• Man-made hazards
• Lack of supervision
• Fish & birds
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30. ”
3” or less Stay Off!
4” Ice fishing, walking, cross country skiing
5” one snowmobile or ATV
8” - 12” one car/small pick-up truck
12” - 15” one medium-sized truck
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38. Float time = 30 seconds - several minutes
Concerns
• Closed windows
• Engine in front
• Opening doors / structural damage
Escape / Self-rescue
Equipment
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39. • Escape before submersion
• During submersion - protect face & head
• Escape through doors or windows
• Human chain
• Look up while surfacing
• Fumes & fuel considerations
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40. S = Stay Calm
O = Open Window or Door
S = Eject Seat Belt
GO = Get Out!!
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41. P = Punch Open Seat Belt Release
O = Open window or door
GO = Get Out!!
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42. Ice Rescue Technician Courses
Ice Rescue Train-the-Trainer Academy
Water Rescue Technician Courses
Swiftwater Rescue Technician Courses
Water Rescue Train-the-Trainer Academy
NDPA Symposium
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