2. Personal grooming is importantPersonal grooming is important
for a positive self-image and everyfor a positive self-image and every
effort should be made to encourageeffort should be made to encourage
and assist the resident to maintain aand assist the resident to maintain a
pleasing and attractive appearance.pleasing and attractive appearance.
Personal Care And Grooming:Personal Care And Grooming:
Relationship To Self-EsteemRelationship To Self-Esteem
IntroductionIntroduction
(continued)(continued)
3. 9.09.0 Provide for the resident’s personalProvide for the resident’s personal
care and grooming needs andcare and grooming needs and
identify the role of the nurse aideidentify the role of the nurse aide
in meeting these needs.in meeting these needs.
9.19.1 List the daily hygienic needs of anList the daily hygienic needs of an
individual.individual.
4. Daily Hygiene NeedsDaily Hygiene Needs
BathingBathing
Skin careSkin care
Back careBack care
OralOral
hygienehygiene
ShavingShaving
ShampooingShampooing
hairhair
Hair careHair care
Nail careNail care
Perineal carePerineal care
Dressing andDressing and
undressingundressing
5. 9.1.19.1.1 Describe factors that affect aDescribe factors that affect a
resident’s personal hygieneresident’s personal hygiene
practices.practices.
6. Factors That Affect Hygiene PracticesFactors That Affect Hygiene Practices
CultureCulture
Family PracticesFamily Practices
IllnessIllness
Individual preferencesIndividual preferences
Bath in morning or before going toBath in morning or before going to
bedbed
Frequency of bathing, shavingFrequency of bathing, shaving
Shampooing hair daily or weeklyShampooing hair daily or weekly
7. Factors That Affect Hygiene PracticesFactors That Affect Hygiene Practices
(continued)(continued)
EconomicsEconomics
Unable to affordUnable to afford
deodorant, shampoo,deodorant, shampoo,
etc.etc.
Unable to affordUnable to afford
utilitiesutilities
8. 9.1.29.1.2 Discuss the role of the nurseDiscuss the role of the nurse
aide and how personal care canaide and how personal care can
be used to promote self-esteembe used to promote self-esteem
and well-being.and well-being.
9. Personal Care and Grooming:Personal Care and Grooming:
Role of the Nurse AideRole of the Nurse Aide
Assist to follow theirAssist to follow their
personal hygiene practices personal hygiene practices
Encourage to do as much ofEncourage to do as much of
their daily care as possible their daily care as possible
Assist residents to selectAssist residents to select
their own clothing their own clothing
10. Personal Care and Grooming:Personal Care and Grooming:
Role of the Nurse AideRole of the Nurse Aide
(continued)(continued)
Promote independence and selfPromote independence and self
esteem esteem
Encourage use of deodorant,Encourage use of deodorant,
perfume, aftershave lotion, andperfume, aftershave lotion, and
cosmeticscosmetics
Be patient and encouragingBe patient and encouraging
11.
12. 9.29.2 Define and discuss oral hygiene.Define and discuss oral hygiene.
13. Oral HygieneOral Hygiene
Definition: measures used toDefinition: measures used to
keep mouth and teeth cleankeep mouth and teeth clean
and free of microorganismsand free of microorganisms
14. Oral HygieneOral Hygiene
(continued)(continued)
PurposePurpose
Prevent odorsPrevent odors
Prevent infectionsPrevent infections
Prevent tooth decay andPrevent tooth decay and
loss of teethloss of teeth
Prevent gum diseasePrevent gum disease
Increase comfortIncrease comfort
Enhance taste of foodEnhance taste of food
15. Oral HygieneOral Hygiene
(continued)(continued)
Oral hygiene is provided:Oral hygiene is provided:
Before breakfastBefore breakfast
After mealsAfter meals
At bedtimeAt bedtime
Other times as requestedOther times as requested
or necessaryor necessary
16. Oral HygieneOral Hygiene
(continued)(continued)
Observations to report:Observations to report:
Foul mouth odorsFoul mouth odors
BleedingBleeding
Loose or broken teeth orLoose or broken teeth or
denturesdentures
Sores in or around mouthSores in or around mouth
Coated tongueCoated tongue
Complaints of painComplaints of pain
17. 9.2.19.2.1 List seven principles to practiceList seven principles to practice
when brushing teeth.when brushing teeth.
18. Principles For Brushing TeethPrinciples For Brushing Teeth
Hold brush at 45 degree angleHold brush at 45 degree angle
Use circular motion to brush teethUse circular motion to brush teeth
Brush well where teeth and gumsBrush well where teeth and gums
meetmeet
Brush all surfacesBrush all surfaces
Brush upper teeth firstBrush upper teeth first
Brush gentlyBrush gently
Offer diluted mouth washOffer diluted mouth wash
19. Special Mouth Care ProductsSpecial Mouth Care Products
SwabsSwabs
Toothettes:Toothettes:
usually soaked inusually soaked in
mouthwash or plain watermouthwash or plain water
hydrogen peroxide, salthydrogen peroxide, salt
water solution if specifiedwater solution if specified
on care planon care plan
Petroleum jelly for dry lipsPetroleum jelly for dry lips
20. 9.2.29.2.2 Discuss the care of a resident’sDiscuss the care of a resident’s
dentures.dentures.
21. Denture CareDenture Care
Handle carefully – expensive toHandle carefully – expensive to
replacereplace
Clean as often as natural teethClean as often as natural teeth
Protect from loss or breakageProtect from loss or breakage
Store safely, when out ofStore safely, when out of
mouth, in labeled containermouth, in labeled container
Never use hot water, which canNever use hot water, which can
warp dentureswarp dentures
22. Denture CareDenture Care
(continued)(continued)
Store dry, in water or in specialStore dry, in water or in special
solutionsolution
For long term storage, putFor long term storage, put
container holding dentures incontainer holding dentures in
bedside standbedside stand
23.
24. 9.39.3 Demonstrate the procedure forDemonstrate the procedure for
assisting the resident with oralassisting the resident with oral
hygiene.hygiene.
25. 9.49.4 Demonstrate the procedure forDemonstrate the procedure for
providing mouth care.providing mouth care.
26. 9.59.5 Demonstrate the procedure forDemonstrate the procedure for
providing mouth care for theproviding mouth care for the
unconscious resident.unconscious resident.
29. 9.79.7 Discuss the care of the resident’sDiscuss the care of the resident’s
nails and feet.nails and feet.
30. Requires daily cleaning andRequires daily cleaning and
trimming of fingernails andtrimming of fingernails and
toenails as neededtoenails as needed
Maintain nails by keepingMaintain nails by keeping
nails:nails:
shortshort
cleanclean
free of rough edgesfree of rough edges
Nail CareNail Care
31. 9.7.19.7.1 List three purposes of nail andList three purposes of nail and
foot care.foot care.
32. PurposePurpose
Prevent infectionPrevent infection
Prevent injuryPrevent injury
Prevent odorsPrevent odors
Nail CareNail Care
(continued)(continued)
33. 9.7.29.7.2 Identify factors to be consideredIdentify factors to be considered
when giving a resident nail care.when giving a resident nail care.
34. Easier to trim and clean afterEasier to trim and clean after
soakingsoaking
Nail clipper used to cut andNail clipper used to cut and
trim nailstrim nails
Clip nails straight acrossClip nails straight across
Softened cuticle can be pushedSoftened cuticle can be pushed
back with orange stickback with orange stickNail Care: Factors To ConsiderNail Care: Factors To Consider
35. Use file or emery board to smoothUse file or emery board to smooth
rough edgesrough edges
Use care not to injure skin whenUse care not to injure skin when
clippingclippingNail Care: Factors To ConsiderNail Care: Factors To Consider
(continued)(continued)
36. Diabetics and residents withDiabetics and residents with
circulatory problems will have theircirculatory problems will have their
nails trimmed only by a licensednails trimmed only by a licensed
nurse or podiatristnurse or podiatrist
Review resident care plan and checkReview resident care plan and check
with supervisor prior to trimmingwith supervisor prior to trimming
nailsnails
Nail Care: Factors To ConsiderNail Care: Factors To Consider
(continued)(continued)
37. 9.7.39.7.3 Identify factors to be consideredIdentify factors to be considered
when giving a resident foot care.when giving a resident foot care.
38. Wash feet using warm waterWash feet using warm water
and mild soapand mild soap
Dry feet carefully, especiallyDry feet carefully, especially
between the toesbetween the toes
Apply lotion to tops andApply lotion to tops and
bottoms of feet only, notbottoms of feet only, not
between the toesbetween the toes
Factors To Consider In Foot CareFactors To Consider In Foot Care
39. Check feet daily for:Check feet daily for:
redness, warmth or constant painredness, warmth or constant pain
numbness or tinglingnumbness or tingling
dry, cracked skindry, cracked skin
swellingswelling
blisters, cuts, scratches or other soresblisters, cuts, scratches or other sores
ingrown toenails, corns, callusesingrown toenails, corns, calluses
Factors To Consider In Foot CareFactors To Consider In Foot Care
(continued)(continued)
40. Factors To Consider In Foot CareFactors To Consider In Foot Care
(continued)(continued)
Do not use a heatingDo not use a heating
pad on resident’s feetpad on resident’s feet
Keep footwear on;Keep footwear on;
residents never goresidents never go
barefootbarefoot
Change socks and shoesChange socks and shoes
dailydaily
41. Factors To Consider In Foot CareFactors To Consider In Foot Care
(continued)(continued)
Foot injuries andFoot injuries and
infections can lead toinfections can lead to
gangrene andgangrene and
amputation, especially inamputation, especially in
diabeticsdiabetics
Notify supervisorNotify supervisor
immediately of anyimmediately of any
unusual observations ofunusual observations of
the feetthe feet
42.
43. 9.89.8 Demonstrate cleaning andDemonstrate cleaning and
trimming a resident’s nails.trimming a resident’s nails.
46. 9.109.10 Discuss the nurse aide’sDiscuss the nurse aide’s
responsibility in assisting theresponsibility in assisting the
resident with shaving.resident with shaving.
47. Assisting Resident With ShavingAssisting Resident With Shaving
Daily activity forDaily activity for
menmen
Promotes:Promotes:
Physical comfortPhysical comfort
Psychological well-Psychological well-
beingbeing
48. 9.10.19.10.1 Review the factors to considerReview the factors to consider
when shaving a resident.when shaving a resident.
49. Assisting Resident With ShavingAssisting Resident With Shaving
Factors to consider:Factors to consider:
Electric razor provides greatestElectric razor provides greatest
safetysafety
Use own equipment or a disposableUse own equipment or a disposable
safety razorsafety razor
Soften beard and skin prior toSoften beard and skin prior to
shavingshaving
50. Assisting Resident With ShavingAssisting Resident With Shaving
(continued)(continued)
Factors to consider (continued):Factors to consider (continued):
Use care not to cut or irritate skinUse care not to cut or irritate skin
while shavingwhile shaving
Shave in direction hair growsShave in direction hair grows
Do not use electric razors whenDo not use electric razors when
oxygen in useoxygen in use
54. 9.129.12 Describe ways to assist theDescribe ways to assist the
resident with hair care.resident with hair care.
55. Hair CareHair Care
Hair care includesHair care includes
Daily brushingDaily brushing
and combingand combing
StylingStyling
ShampooingShampooing
57. Factors To Consider ForFactors To Consider For
Daily Hair CareDaily Hair Care
Because hair style isBecause hair style is
personal preference, askpersonal preference, ask
about styleabout style
Make brushing andMake brushing and
combing part of morningcombing part of morning
carecare
58. Factors To Consider ForFactors To Consider For
Daily Hair CareDaily Hair Care
(continued)(continued)
Protect resident’sProtect resident’s
clothing by placingclothing by placing
towel around shoulderstowel around shoulders
Cover pillow withCover pillow with
towel for residentstowel for residents
confined to bedconfined to bed
59. Factors To Consider ForFactors To Consider For
Daily Hair CareDaily Hair Care
(continued)(continued)
Brushing hair:Brushing hair:
refreshes residentrefreshes resident
improves moraleimproves morale
stimulates circulationstimulates circulation
distributes natural oils evenlydistributes natural oils evenly
removes lint and dustremoves lint and dust
Handle hair gently when brushingHandle hair gently when brushing
or combingor combing
60. Factors To Consider ForFactors To Consider For
Daily Hair CareDaily Hair Care
(continued)(continued)
Section hair and work on oneSection hair and work on one
area at a timearea at a time
Note appearance of scalp andNote appearance of scalp and
hairhair
Hair style should be ageHair style should be age
appropriateappropriate
61. Factors To Consider ForFactors To Consider For
Daily Hair CareDaily Hair Care
(continued)(continued)
Residents are encouraged to do asResidents are encouraged to do as
much as possible for themselvesmuch as possible for themselves
Comb and brush are cleaned afterComb and brush are cleaned after
useuse
Combs and brushes are never sharedCombs and brushes are never shared
63. Shampooing ConsiderationsShampooing Considerations
Frequency individualizedFrequency individualized
Resident’s shampoo,Resident’s shampoo,
conditioner and otherconditioner and other
hair care products arehair care products are
usedused
Resident assisted toResident assisted to
beauty shop if availablebeauty shop if available
64. 9.12.39.12.3 List the various methods forList the various methods for
shampooing hair.shampooing hair.
66. Shampooing ConsiderationsShampooing Considerations
(continued)(continued)
Eyes and ears protectedEyes and ears protected
Hair dried as fast asHair dried as fast as
possiblepossible
Cold or drafty areasCold or drafty areas
eliminatedeliminated
Female residents assistedFemale residents assisted
to curl or set hairto curl or set hair
67. Shampooing ConsiderationsShampooing Considerations
(continued)(continued)
Barbers or beauticiansBarbers or beauticians
may be contacted bymay be contacted by
facility to care for hair offacility to care for hair of
residentsresidents
Care plan to be checkedCare plan to be checked
for any specialfor any special
instructions prior toinstructions prior to
shampooingshampooing
72. 9.159.15 Identify the general principles ofIdentify the general principles of
dressing and undressing adressing and undressing a
resident.resident.
73. Dressing And UndressingDressing And Undressing
Encourage resident toEncourage resident to
choose own clothingchoose own clothing
Dress daily own clothingDress daily own clothing
and underwearand underwear
Make sure clothes are inMake sure clothes are in
good repairgood repair
74. Dressing And UndressingDressing And Undressing
(continued)(continued)
Dress weak or affected sideDress weak or affected side
firstfirst
Undress weak or affectedUndress weak or affected
side lastside last
Ensure clothing isEnsure clothing is
appropriate for weatherappropriate for weather
and environmentand environment
75. Dressing And UndressingDressing And Undressing
(continued)(continued)
Encourage resident to wearEncourage resident to wear
clothing that matches andclothing that matches and
is clean and neatis clean and neat
Dress should be ageDress should be age
appropriateappropriate
Do not put clothing onDo not put clothing on
backwardsbackwards
76. Dressing And UndressingDressing And Undressing
(continued)(continued)
Be gentleBe gentle
Always be patientAlways be patient
and provide time forand provide time for
residents to do asresidents to do as
much as possible formuch as possible for
themselvesthemselves
77.
78. 9.169.16 Demonstrate the procedure forDemonstrate the procedure for
dressing and undressing thedressing and undressing the
resident.resident.
79.
80. 9.179.17 Identify the purposes of bathing aIdentify the purposes of bathing a
resident.resident.
81. Bathing ResidentBathing Resident
Purpose of BathingPurpose of Bathing
Removes perspiration,Removes perspiration,
dirt anddirt and
microorganismsmicroorganisms
Stimulates circulationStimulates circulation
Exercises body partsExercises body parts
82. Bathing ResidentBathing Resident
(continued)(continued)
Purpose of BathingPurpose of Bathing (continued)(continued)
Refreshes, relaxes andRefreshes, relaxes and
promotes physicalpromotes physical
comfortcomfort
Removes odorsRemoves odors
Allows for evaluation ofAllows for evaluation of
skin conditionskin condition
83. 9.17.19.17.1 Discuss the various methods ofDiscuss the various methods of
bathing a resident.bathing a resident.
84. Bathing ResidentBathing Resident
Methods of BathingMethods of Bathing
Partial bath Partial bath
Complete bedComplete bed
bath bath
Tub bath Tub bath
Shower Shower
86. Guidelines for BathingGuidelines for Bathing
Receive instructionsReceive instructions
from supervisorfrom supervisor
regarding method ofregarding method of
bathing and skin carebathing and skin care
products to useproducts to use
Provide privacyProvide privacy
Reduce drafts by closingReduce drafts by closing
windows, drapes andwindows, drapes and
doorsdoors
87. Guidelines for BathingGuidelines for Bathing
(continued)(continued)
Use good body mechanicsUse good body mechanics
Keep covered for warmth and privacyKeep covered for warmth and privacy
Protect safety of resident:Protect safety of resident:
never leave unattended in bathtubnever leave unattended in bathtub
or showeror shower
take precautions to prevent slipstake precautions to prevent slips
and fallsand falls
have temperature no higher thanhave temperature no higher than
105105°°F for tub or showerF for tub or shower
88. Guidelines for BathingGuidelines for Bathing
(continued)(continued)
Rinse skin completely if not usingRinse skin completely if not using
no-rinse productno-rinse product
Encourage to do as much asEncourage to do as much as
possible for selfpossible for self
Pat skin dryPat skin dry
Observe condition of skinObserve condition of skin
89. 9.17.39.17.3 Observe the condition of theObserve the condition of the
skin and report any unusualskin and report any unusual
observations.observations.
90. Skin Observations While BathingSkin Observations While Bathing
Color of skin, lips, nailColor of skin, lips, nail
beds and sclera of eyesbeds and sclera of eyes
Location and descriptionLocation and description
of rashesof rashes
Dry skinDry skin
Bruises or open areas onBruises or open areas on
skinskin
91. Skin Observations While BathingSkin Observations While Bathing
(continued)(continued)
Pale or reddened areas,Pale or reddened areas,
especially over bonyespecially over bony
partsparts
Drainage or bleedingDrainage or bleeding
from wounds orfrom wounds or
orificesorifices
Skin temperatureSkin temperature
Complaints of pain orComplaints of pain or
discomfortdiscomfort
92.
93. 9.189.18 Demonstrate the procedure forDemonstrate the procedure for
giving a complete bed bath andgiving a complete bed bath and
partial bath.partial bath.
94. 9.199.19 Demonstrate the procedure forDemonstrate the procedure for
giving a tub bath or shower.giving a tub bath or shower.
97. Perineal CarePerineal Care
Used to clean genital and anal areasUsed to clean genital and anal areas
Prevents infectionPrevents infection
Prevents odorsPrevents odors
Promotes comfortPromotes comfort
98. Perineal CarePerineal Care
Rules of medical asepsis andRules of medical asepsis and
Standard Precautions followedStandard Precautions followed
Work from cleanest to dirtiest areaWork from cleanest to dirtiest area
(front to back)(front to back)
urethral area – cleanesturethral area – cleanest
anal area – dirtiestanal area – dirtiest
99. Perineal CarePerineal Care
(continued)(continued)
Delicate area that needs special careDelicate area that needs special care
Use warm waterUse warm water
Wash gentlyWash gently
Rinse wellRinse well
Pat dryPat dry
104. Giving A Back RubGiving A Back Rub
Purpose Purpose
Stimulate circulation Stimulate circulation
Prevent skinPrevent skin
breakdown breakdown
SoothingSoothing
RefreshingRefreshing
105. Giving A Back RubGiving A Back Rub
(continued)(continued)
Use a combination of strokesUse a combination of strokes
Long, smooth strokes – relaxingLong, smooth strokes – relaxing
Short, circular strokes – stimulatingShort, circular strokes – stimulating
Use warmed lotion applied withUse warmed lotion applied with
palms of handspalms of hands
Rub 3 - 5 minutesRub 3 - 5 minutes