The document discusses the fate of a polluted environment and outlines several key points: 1) The environment provides many essential resources but is threatened by pollution and climate change. Determining the environmental fate of chemicals released is important for assessing exposure. 2) Human activities like deforestation, pollution, and overpopulation have significantly damaged the environment. Carbon dioxide emissions have risen sharply due to human causes. 3) Environmental problems include global warming, loss of habitats and biodiversity, water pollution, and desertification. These issues threaten many species and ecosystems. 4) Protecting the environment through sustainable practices, renewable energy, and ecosystem restoration is crucial for ensuring a healthy planet for future generations. International cooperation on

1. The Fate of A Polluted
Environment
Tara Hamashkur
Sawan Rahman

2. Environment is:
A source for food supply
A major source of medicines
An energy source
A source of recreation
Natural resource for industrial
products

3. In order to determine the extent of
environmental exposure to a
chemical, it is necessary to evaluate
that chemical’s environmental fate.
While the amount and frequency of a
chemical’s release, as well as the
environmental medium — air, water, or
soil — into which it’s released are
important
considerations, environmental fate is
determined by what happens after the
chemical has been released into the
environment.

4. One thing which sets us aside
from other species is our
tendency to leave visible scars
and remains after we have
pillaged the Earth's resources.
Even satellite pictures of the
Amazon reveal the damage
that the industrial exploitation
of natural resources can
inflict.

5. Air
, water
and land
Pollution,,
Overpopu
lation

6.  Since 1990, yearly emissions of carbon dioxide have gone up by about 6
billion metric tons worldwide, Almost all of that increase is due to human
activities.
 Carbon dioxide takes 100 years to disperse in the atmosphere. Even if
emissions are stopped today, we will still feel the effects for years to come.
 During the 20th century alone, the average surface temperature of the
world has increased by 1.2 to 1.4°F.

7. The Arctic Climate Impact Assessment has
concluded that in the past 50 years, the average
temperatures of Alaska, eastern Russia and
western Canada have increased as much as 7°F.
This rise is almost twice the global average.
The World Health Organization blames 150,000 deaths per year
on the effects of global warming including extreme
weather, drought, heat waves, decreased food production and
the increased spread of diseases like malaria

8. Continuing a trend of warming over the past few years, NASA scientists
say 2011 was the ninth warmest year in terms of average global
temperatures since 1980.

9. As global warming, the ice is disappearing gradually. The annual migrations of them
are turned into a and time, distance, the deep and even the race against disaster

10. Sea levels have risen between 4-8 inches worldwide during the last century, and
experts predict they could rise as much 2 feet in the next 100 years.

11. The livelihoods of nearly one billion people in some
100 countries are threatened by desertification
Desertification contributes to internal displacement
and international migration of people.
About 25 per cent of the Earth’s land, or 3.6 billion
hectares, is decertified.
By the 2050s, 50 per cent of agricultural land in Latin
America will be subject to desertification.

12. At least 279 species of plants and animals are already responding to global
warming, migrating north to escape rising temperatures.

13. ♣ Up to 90% of West Africa’s coastal
rainforests have disappeared since 1900.
♣ In South Asia, about 88% of the rainforests
have been lost.
♣ Amazon Rainforest with the highest tropical
deforestation rate between 2000 and 2005.
♣ Brazil has lost 90–95% of its Mata Atlântica
forest..
♣ Madagascar has lost 90% of its eastern
rainforests.

14.  Between 1852 to 1947 about half
of the Earth's mature tropical
forests have been destroyed.
Deforestation
 It’s predicted that by 2030, 80%
will have been lost.
 Scientists estimate that all tropical
forests will be gone by the middle of
the 21st century

15. Deforestation cause damage to
habitat, biodiversity loss and
aridity.
It has adverse impacts on
atmospheric carbon dioxide.
Deforested regions typically
incur significant adverse soil
erosion and frequently degrade
into wasteland.

16. Overpopulation
The IAP has stated
that many
environmental
problems, are
aggravated by the
population
expansion..

17. Year Billion
Steve Jones: "Humans are 10,000
1804 1
times more common than we
1927 2
should be".
1959 3
1974 4
1987 5
1999 6
2011 7
The population is expected to
reach between 8 and 10.5
billion between the year 2040,
and 2050..

19. Disaster
Disaster is a sudden, calamitous event bringing great
damage, loss, and destruction and devastation to life
and property. The damage caused by disasters is
immeasurable and varies with the geographical
location, climate and the type of the earth
surface/degree of vulnerability. This influences the
mental, socio-economic, political and cultural state of
the affected area.

20. The 2004 Asian
earthquake and
tsunami
The 1925
Ellington, Missouri
tornado
Phillipines: the
Mount Pinatubo
volcanic eruption

21. Bhopal : the Union Carbide gas leak

22. Chernobyl: Russian nuclear power plant
explosion

23. Seveso Italian dioxin crisis

24. The Love Canal chemical
waste dump, USA
The Three Mile Island, USA:
The nuclear nightmare
The 1952 London smog
disaster

25.  Plastic bottles take 700 years to begin composting
 90% of the cost of bottled water is due to the bottle itself
 80% of plastic bottles are not recycled

26.  38 million plastic bottles go to the dump
per year in America from bottled water.
 24 million gallons of oil are needed to
produce a billion plastic bottles
 Each year, more than 26 billion bottles are
thrown away (less then 15% are recycled)
 Studies have shown that chemicals called
phthalates, which are known to disrupt
testosterone and other hormones, can leach
into bottled water over time.

27. According to the International Union for
Conservation of Nature (IUCN), 784 extinctions
have been recorded since the year 1500 (to the
year 2004).

28. Caribbean Monk Seal Golden Toad Pyrenean Ibex
Thylacine Baiji River Dolphin Bubal Hartebeest

29. Quagga Passenger Pigeon Javan Tiger
Tecopa Pupfish Dodo bird

30. Some scientists estimate that up to half of presently existing species
may become extinct by 2100..

31. Global warming and industrial pollution threaten to wipe out
almost a third of frog and toad species worldwide

32. “Water and air , the two essential fluids on which all life depends on have
become global garbage cans”
says; Jacques Cousteau

33. The USA is responsible for the 30.3% of world’s gas emissions

34. 33% of Chinese people live in such polluted cities, that the air they
breath is equivalent to 2 cigarette packs per day.

35. Cars responsible for 40-90% of world’s air pollution

36. Polluted drinking waters are a problem for about half of the world’s
population. currently 450million people face water stress. By 2025 it
may increase between 2.6 to 3.1 billion people.

37. Large hog farms emit hydrogen sulfide, a gas that most often causes flu-like
symptoms in humans, but at high concentrations can lead to brain damage.

38. 1.2 trillion gallons of untreated sewage ,storm water, and industrial
waste are discharged into US waters annually.

39. 1.2 trillion gallons of untreated sewage ,storm water, and industrial
waste are discharged into US waters annually.

40. Asian rivers are the most polluted in the world, they have 3times as many bacteria
from human waste as the global average and 20times more lead than rivers in
industrialized countries

41. In 2004 water of china’s seven major rivers found to be undrinkable

42. 30% of Ireland's rivers are polluted with sewage or fertilizers.

43. Each year there exists 250 million cases of water related diseases

44. 40% of America’s rivers and 46% of America’s lakes are too polluted for
fishing, swimming, or aquatic life.

45. Coral reefs are highly sensitive to small changes in water temperature. Scientists say
if current CO2 emission trends continue, the world's coral reefs could be virtually
destroyed by 2050.

46. In the U.S. 41% of all insecticides are used on corn. Of these, 80% are used to treat
a pest that could be controlled simply by rotating a different crop for just one year.

47. Over 80% of items in landfills can be recycled, but they’re not

49.  Prevent pollution
(air, water, noise)
 Protect and respect the world's
natural, cultural, indigenous and
historical heritage
 Support environmental
education and training.
 Use water, energy and other
resources efficiently to reduce
waste.
 Overpopulation.

50. More than 10 million trees protect 250.000 acres of
replanted in Tanzanian forests. rainforests, an area 300times
bigger than central park.

52. Forests, jungles, trees, plants…
Produce the Oxygen we breathe.
They are the lungs of the Earth
If we destroy them, we destroy ourselves.

53. Parks are one way of protecting ecosystem for future.
Ex: Yellowstone, widely held to be the first national park in the world.
USA has 54 national parks.

55. The Nichols Bridge way extends over the
world's largest green roof to Millennium Park
Green technology is
environmentally friendly and
is created and used in a way
that conserves natural
resources and the
environment.

56. Repair of ecosystem
People can find ways to lower human effects on ecosystem:
Ex1: Fish ladders are like artificial river rapids.

57. Ex2: when mines are dug ,the land is
damaged. in this case reclamation or
phytoremidiation is practiced.

58. Develop renewable energy sources:
solar, wind and hydro-power .

61. Plastic-eating fungi found in Amazon
may solve landfill problems, useful
for bioremediation

62. recycling takes less energy than
making products from raw
materials.
ex1; when 1glass bottle is
recycled the energy saved could
light a 100 watt bulb for four
hours

63. ex2.: aluminum is made from bauxite ,which is mined from earth’s crust by
taking a lot of electricity . When you throw away a drink can of aluminum
without recycling ,you waste as much energy as it takes to run a television
for about three hours.

64. This is a project represents a message of a
society facing the future

65. It will perhaps even become a symbol for the first zero carbon footprint
Olympic Games.

66. Earth Day 2012 – the 42nd
Anniversary
more than one billion people around the
globe will participate in Earth Day 2012 and
help Mobilize the Earth™. People of all
nationalities and backgrounds will voice
their appreciation for the planet and
demand its protection.
Earth Day was allegedly
pioneered by John McConnell in
1969

69. Sustainable development
 is development that meets the needs of the present without compromising the
ability of future generations to meet their own needs. It contains within it two key
concepts:
 the concept of needs, in particular the essential needs of the world's poor, to
which overriding priority should be given; and
 the idea of limitations imposed by the state of technology and social
organization on the environment's ability to meet present and future needs."

70. Save the Earth for kids

71. “A proverb says; take care of small things, big things
will fall in place”
the ways leading to pollutions are small things
which if continues make the fate of our planet
unavailable for a healthy life.
“ There is enough in the world for everyone’s
need, but not enough for everyone’s greed.”
-Mahatma Gandhi