Transmission management in BSS

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Tempus Telcosys (P)
Limited
Transmission Management in BSS
Tempus telcosys training resources
Nov2011
Time is Almighty…

1.About transmission management in BSS
Transmission management in BSS is a feature used in managing the Base Station
Subsystem transmission system functions such as supervision, alarms, statistics
and settings. The network element mainly responsible for transmission
management in BSS is the Base Station Controller (BSC).
Transmission management functionalities make it possible for the operators to
manage the transmission equipment remotely from the BSC or from Nokia
NetAct integrated network management system, which simplifies network
maintenance and operation. Supervision functions help minimise the time spent
in maintenance, and statistics collection helps the operators analyse and optimise
the use of their transmission equipment. Moreover, new software can be
downloaded in a way that does not interfere with the traffic.
Hardware and software requirements
BSS transmission network elements
BSS transmission management functionalities
Transmission parameters
Transmission alarms

Transmission measurements
2.Hardware and software requirements
There are no specific hardware or software requirements for the transmission
management functionalities. However, the type of the BTS poses certain
limitations.
The BTS type specific functionalities are listed in the table below.
More details about the functionalities can be found in BSS transmission
management functionalities .

BTS type SW version Functionalities
MetroSite
UltraSite
ConnectSite
10
ConnectSite
100
from CMX/CX
3.0 onwards
checksum polling,
polling list sending with priority (LMU
special
equipment)
TRE-1 special equipment (cannot be
handled
with MML)
realtime updating
software download support
LMU support
selective statistics collection
until CMX/CX
3.0
checksum polling
polling list sending without priority
TRE-1 special equipment (cannot be
handled
with MML)
realtime updating

BTS type SW version Functionalities
InSite checksum polling
polling list sending without priority
TRE-1 special equipment (cannot be handled
with MML)
realtime updating
Talk-family
PrimeSite
from DF6.0
onwards
checksum polling
polling list sending with priority (LMU special
equipment)
DF6.0 address conversion when software DF6.0
is detected
TRU-1 special equipment (cannot be handled
with MML)
max. 34 pieces of equipment in the polling list
realtime updating
LMU support
from DF5.1
onwards
equipment existence collection and checksum
polling (Nokia Q1 TRE detection)
realtime updating
until DF5.1 or
when the
version is unknown
equipment existence collection
2nd
generation
BTS
from B13 onwards equipment existence collection
LMU support
until B13 equipment existence collection

Polling list sending with priority is a functionality used in positioning. To ensure
accurate positioning calculations, the LMU unit must supply Radio Interface
Timing System (RIT) information to the network faster than the normal Q1
polling is able to do. Faster LMU polling is achieved by defining a Q1 polling
priority for each Q1 device, with the LMU having the highest priority. For more
information see Location Services .
3.BSS transmission network elements
The base Station Subsystem (BSS) consists of at least one Base Station Controller
(BSC) and its Base Transceiver Stations (BTS). The Transcoder Submultiplexer
(TCSM) is also part of the BSS although it is actually located in the MSC site.
The three basic configurations (topologies) for transmission between the BSC and
the BTSs are:
point-to-point connection
multidrop chain
multidrop loop
In point-to-point configuration each BTS is connected directly to the BSC. In the
multidrop chain, BTSs form a chain and the first BTS in the network is connected
directly to the BSC. In the loop connection, the BTSs form a loop where the first
and the last BTS in the loop are connected directly to the BSC via a cross-
connecting node. The topology used depends on a number of factors such as the
distance between the BSC and the BTS, the number of transceivers (TRXs) used
at a particular BTS site and the signalling channel rate between the BSC and the
BTS. Usually the topology used is a mixture of the three basic topologies.
Formore information on the topologies, refer to Nokia BSS TransmissionConfiguration .
Transmission equipment at the BTS site
The possible transmission equipment types at the BTS site are:
Base Station Interface Equipment (BIE)
- for example BIU2M, BIUMD
Transmission Equipment (TRE)
Transmission Unit (TRU)

- for example TRUA, TRUH
Digital Microwave Radio Link (DMR)
- for example Nokia Hopper (tm) Microwave Radios
Other transmission equipment types at the BTS site, for example optical line
equipment, are handled in the BSC with the common name Transmission
Equipment (TRE). Transmission equipment at the BTS site is connected to a local
Q1 bus and is supervised by the BTS. The number of DMR and TRE objects that
can be under BTS supervision depends on the generation of the BTS. For more
information, see BTS specific Operating Handbook . The connection between the
BSC and the transmission equipment in the BTS site is established through a
BSC-BTS O & M link.
Transmission equipment at Q1 service channel
The BSC supervises the other types of transmission equipment, and the
connection between the BSC and this type of equipment is established through a
Q1 service channel. The possible equipment types are:
Transcoder Unit (TRCU)
2Mbit/s Submultiplexer (SM2M)
Dynamic Node Equipment (DN2)
Supervisory Substation (SSS)
Digital Microwave Radio Link (DMR)
Baseband Modem (BBM)
for example BBM512, DNT, ILT, ALC
Other transmission equipment types of the Q1 service channel are handled in the
BSC with the common name Transmission Equipment (TRE).
NMS connection
Transmission management data is transported from the BSC to Nokia NetAct
through an X.25/LAN link. It is also possible to connect to the transmission
equipment from the Node Manager Server through Nokia NetAct andthe BSC.
The BSC provides a transparent connection either to the BSC Q1 service channel
or to the equipment connected at a BTS site.
4.BSS transmission management
functionalities
The transmission management functionalities supported by the BSC are:
Q1 Interface handling

The Q1 Interface Handling functionality allows the user to create, delete,
and modify service channels between the BSC and the transmission
equipment, to add and remove pieces of equipment from service channels,
to change the state of a service channel, and to interrogate the
configuration of the service channels and the equipment on the channels.
Supervision of the transmission equipment
The BSC supervises the transmission equipment in the Q1 service
channels. The transmission equipment at the BTS site is supervised by the
BTS OMU.
Remote transmission equipment management
The operators can perform, for example, configuration management and
performance management operations and basic fault management
operations remotely from the BSC site.
Node Manager support for transmission equipment
It is possible to connect to the transmission equipment from the Node
Manager Server through the Nokia network and service management
system (Nokia NetAct) and the BSC. The BSC provides a transparent
connection either to the BSC Q1 service channel or to the equipment
connected at a BTS site.
Support for transmission equipment statistics collection
This functionality allows the user to collect statistical information about the
transmission equipment at the BSC site. It is also possible to collect
statistical information from equipment and to create, delete, modify or
interrogate counter collection information.
Transcoder configuration and fault handling
This functionality is used for TCSM routine testing and when a new
transcoder is introduced to the system or an existing transcoder
configuration is modified. For more information, see TCSM Support in
BSC .
Transmission equipment software download
Support for transmission equipment software download is for delivering
new software builds to BSC- and BTS-controlled transmission equipment
from the BSC's disks.
4.1 Q1 Interface handling
Q1 is the method used for managing Nokia PDH/PRE transmission equipment.
More specifically, Q1 management is used for collecting alarms and statistics and
for remotely configuring transmission equipment.

The Q1 service channels are asynchronous serial communications channels. To
open the Q1 service channels, the transmission equipment has to be configured
locally with a hand-held service terminal. At the moment, there are two versions
of the Q1 supervision protocol: the older Transmission Management System
protocol (the classic Q1 , also known as TMS) and the newer version, Nokia
Q1
protocol. The Nokia Q1 protocol is used in Nokia MetroSite, ConnectSite 10 and
newer equipment.
Q1 interface handling functionalities make it possible for the user to handle the
Q1 service channels used in communication between the BSC and the
transmission equipment. These kind of actions are necessary, for example, when
there is a need for more capacity in the transmission network because of increased
volumes of traffic or new services. The operator knows that capacity needs to be
added, for example, from performance measurement data analysed in Nokia
NetAct.
Q1 interface handling functionalities make it possible for the user to carry out the
following tasks:
creating, deleting, and modifying the Q1 service channels.
stopping or starting the supervision of the transmission equipment in the
Q1 service channel by setting the state of the channel to "activation denied"
or "activation allowed", respectively.
adding or removing transmission equipment from the Q1 service channel.
interrogating the configuration and the state of the Q1 service channels and
the transmission equipment connected to them.
adding, removing, modifying, and interrogating information of equipment
on service channels.
modifying Q1 bus information.
listing information on software download.
transferring information on adding, deleting, and modifying transmission
equipment to Nokia NetAct.
transferring information on faults from the transmission network elements
to Nokia NetAct.
Capacity
The operator can define the maximum number of Q1 service channels in the BSC
with a parameter in the General Parameter File (PRFILE). The value is 18 by
default and the maximum number of Q1 service channels the BSC can support is
28. The maximum number of transmission equipment that BSC can support is
1024. This includes also BTS-supervised transmission equipment.

4.2 Supervision of transmission equipment
This section describes how the BSC supervises the transmission equipment and
how the supervision is carried out at a BTS site. The supervision means that if a
fault appears, the BSC detects it and sends a corresponding alarm.
Supervision hierarchy
The information on faults is obtained through integrated supervision hierarchy.
This hierarchy is permanently installed in the transmission equipment.
The alarm category is received from the functional entity level. The different
alarm categories are:
A/urgent alarm
B/deferred alarm
D/reminder alarm
S/service alarm
The alarm category shows the classification of the fault inside the transmission
equipment. In the BSC alarm printout, the severity of the alarm is indicated by
one to three stars. The alarm category received from the transmission equipment
is included in the supplementary information field of the alarm.
The dynamic node (DN2), the submultiplexer (SM2M), the transcoder unit
(TRCU), and the baseband modem (BBM) contain only one functional entity
(FE). The supervisory substation (SSS), transmission equipment (TRE), or the
microwave radio (DMR) can have several functional entities.
The supervision blocks (SB) contain fault codes (FC) for each separate fault type,
for example, fault code 130 equals fault in memory.
The microwave radio link contains several supervision blocks between 00 and
255. The meaning of the block numbers can be read in the operating manuals of
the radio link.
The supervisory substation does not contain supervision blocks.
The Alarm Operating Instruction Handling MML (AOPINH) can be used for
interrogating extra information and modifying the alarm operation instructions in
the alarm printouts. AOPINH can also be used to inform about the meaning of
external alarms. With the user terminal commands you can add alarm-specific
operating instructions to the alarm operating instructions file, read these self-
made instructions, replace an earlier text by a new one, or delete the selected
instructions. The alarm-specific text can be up to 80 characters long.
For example, the user can add into the Supervisory Substation alarm an

information text which is dependent on the values of the supplementary
information fields (at least one of them).
BSC and BTS supervision
The BSC supervision is carried out using the Q1 service channels. Before the
supervision is possible, the user has to add the transmission equipment to the Q1
service channel. For more information on this, refer to Q1 Interface Handling
(QW ).
The operating principle of the supervision is a master-slave based polling. The
BSC is the Q1 master and it polls the transmission equipment by sending the
network element address (the alarm unit address) to the Q1 service channel. The
transmission equipment answers with the address, or if a fault is active, with the
address and a status byte of the entire equipment. If the fault status of the
equipment has changed since the last polling, the changed faults are updated.
More detailed information on the fault situation of the faulty functional entity
(FE) is interrogated with a fault condition command.
If a new fault is active, the corresponding alarm is set at the BSC and if the fault
is no longer active the alarm is cancelled. In the case of the transcoder the faulty
speech channels are blocked by the BSC.
A remote session that is started to the same equipment does not interrupt the
supervision of the equipment.
The BTS OMU supervises the transmission equipment connected to the local Q1
bus at a BTS site. If a fault is found, the corresponding alarm is set and sent to the
BSC using a BTS LAPD link through the OMUSIG channel. The BSC handles
these transmission equipment alarms as BTS alarms.
The BSC forwards information on the alarms detected in the BSC and BTS
supervision to Nokia NetAct using the Q3 protocol.
Transmission equipment alarms
In the BSC, the transmission equipment alarms are defined at network element
level. The supervision block type of the transmission equipment built in the
supervision hierarchy has its own alarm number and text. For a list of the
transmission equipment alarms, see Transmission alarms .
The structure of the alarm printout in the BSC has the standard DX alarm format.
The identifiers of faulty equipment and the fault found can be read in the
supplementary information field of the alarm.
Polling recommendations

The general principle is that it is good to have the polling as close as possible to
the polled equipment. Based on this general principle, in new BSC and BTS
network installations Nokia recommends BTS polling except at BSC sites, where
local network elements are always polled by the BSC. The so-called 'backward
polling', that is, the polling of network elements that are closer to the BSC than
the polling device BTS, should be avoided.
Capacity
The BSC can simultaneously poll one to three service channels, but there is
always at least one channel in polling if any channel is in AL state. The number
of simultaneously polled channels depends on the number of simultaneous
remote sessions and active statistics sessions. After one channel is polled through,
the polling is started from the next not yet polled channel.
4.3 Remote transmission equipment management
It is possible to perform configuration management and performance
management operations, and some basic fault management operations for the
BSS transmission equipment remotely from the BSC site. This can be done using
the BSS Transmission Equipment Handling MML (TREHAN) (for more
information on the use of commands see BSS Transmission Management and
BSS Transmission Equipment Handling . Thus, there is no need to go to the BTS
site and manage the equipment using a hand-held service terminal.
The functions of remote transmission equipment management can be divided into
four main categories: configuration management, performance management, fault
display and testing. The service terminal emulating functions are based on a
menu. The main menu is common to all transmission equipment and the
submenus are equipment-specific (read from the equipment in question).
The configuration management functions are: identifications function, controls
function and settings function.You can use the identifications function to read
equipment identification data. The identification data includes the equipment
type, the name given to it, and the program type and version used. Some of the
identifications can be modified by the user. You can give controls under the
controls (temporary) function. Based on the given controls, the operating mode of
the equipment changes temporarily. Such controls are, for example, interface
loopings. Most of the controls are time-monitored. The settings determine the
equipment operating mode. They are stored in the memory of the equipment also
during power outages.
The performance management functions can be divided into two subcategories:
measurements and statistics. The statistics function reads and empties the
statistics and error counters kept by the equipment itself.
The fault display function allows the user to monitor fault data on transmission
equipment remotely from the BSC site. The master board of the transmission
equipment collects the fault data from the other units into a common fault storage

place. The master board generates a reply to the fault inquiry. The reply to the
fault inquiry includes the following data: equipment ID, fault status, fault data,
fault object and fault type (fault code).
The reply to a fault inquiry can be, for example, the following:
Here the name of the equipment is BIUMD ABC, and it has alarms in alarm
categories A and S. The fault indications come from the equipment interface 1
supervision block (unit 1). The fault is loss of frame alignment.
The user can also perform different tests, depending on the equipment type. The
number of tests available depends on, for example, what tests the equipment itself
performs automatically.
When the user manages the transmission equipment remotely, the management
commands between the BSC and the BTS are sent via the LAPD-based O & M
link. The BTS OMU forwards the commands to the managed equipment via the local Q1 bus.
Existence collection and checksum polling
The BSC makes existence collection to BTS-supervised transmission equipment.
The existence information is collected to the Q1EQUI File. The collection is done
once per day at the time defined in the General Parameter File (PRFILE). It is
also possible to start or inquire the state of existence collection or checksum
polling at any time with an MML command. The information of new equipment
is also sent to Nokia NetAct. The transmission equipment identification
information is also collected to the Q1EQUI File. The deletion is recognized
when equipment is removed from the BTS hardware database or the BTS does
not exist any more.
Information about transmission equipment controlled by the old BTS generations
is collected periodically by giving an MML command. The transmission
existence collection can be started to the whole BSS under one BSC or the user
can define the BTS where the equipment collection is directed. That contains
existence information collection from the 2nd generation BTSs and the Talk-
family BTSs with a software version older than DF6.0. If there is Nokia Q1
equipment in an old BTS, it is detected as Classic Q1 equipment.
The checksum polling is done to Nokia Q1 transmission equipment to get
information about the changes in the configuration of the equipment. The number
of pollings is defined in the PRFILE. The checksum polling is done periodically
or at any time by giving an MML command. The checksum polling can be done
several times per day. The checksum polling is enhanced to make it possible to
direct collection to one or several pieces of equipment at the same time. Because
of the Nokia Q1 support for the Talk-family BTSs, the conversion from logical
address to physical address is added. The conversion is done to the Talk-family
and the PrimeSite BTSs with the software version DF6.0.

BTS realtime updating
The BSC makes realtime updating to BTS- and BSC-supervised transmission
equipment. Transmission equipment realtime is updated when the BSC clock is
changed but the realtime updating is also done periodically. New time is not sent
to a locked state BTS or when the OMUSIG link in down.
Realtime updating is implemented in the BTSs supporting Nokia Q1 protocol in
the Q1 bus. These BTSs are MetroSite, InSite, UltraSite, PrimeSite, ConnectSite
10, ConnectSite 100 from the software version DF5.1 onwards and Talk-family
from the software version DF5.1 onwards.
Capacity
The BSC accepts at the same time only one active management session to a
certain piece of equipment.
Restrictions
Settings of a piece of equipment cannot be stored in the BSC and written to new
equipment. The BSC cannot emulate the AUTO repeat mode of the hand-held
service terminal.
The remote service session and the remote node manager session can be active at
the same time to the BSC Q1 service channel. However, there can be only one
remote session per piece of equipment at the same time.
Nokia Q1 transmission equipment in 2nd generation BTSs and in Talk-family and
Prime Site BTSs with the software version DF5.0 or older are detected Classic Q1
transmission equipment.
4.4 Node Manager support for transmission equipment
The ability to monitor and control the whole GSM network is one of the most
important features for the operator. To facilitate this, all elements of the network,
the BSS, the MSC, the HLR and the VLR, are connected to the Nokia network
and service management system (Nokia NetAct) for network monitoring and
control, including transmission equipment.
With the Remote Node Manager feature the user can use Node Managers running
in the Node Manager Server to remotely configure the transmission equipment
from the Nokia NetAct site, which simplifies the network management. The Node
Manager Server is a PC/SW tool that makes the applications of the Node
Managers possible at the Nokia NetAct site. Note that some network capacity
must be reserved for O & M channels. For more detailed information on how to
use the Node Manager Server for transmission management, see Node Manager
Server documentation .
The following figure describes at a general level the configuration that is used for

the Remote Node Manager feature.
Q1 commands to the transmission equipment are sent from the Node Manager
Server to the transmission equipment through Nokia NetAct and the BSC. If the
equipment is connected at a BTS site, the commands are also sent through a BTS.
Restrictions
There can be a maximum of nine remote node manager sessions active at the
same time per BSC. A maximum of three of these sessions can be active to the
BSC Q1 service channels and six to the BTS sites. However, there can be only
one remote session per piece of equipment at the same time. The restrictions
apply to one BSC; however, the number of users per BSC can be more than one.
The number of possible node manager sessions is reduced by simultaneous use of
the following actions:
statistics collection
software download
existence collection
checksum polling remotely from the BSC by using an MML command
a remote node manager session from Nokia NetAct
4.5 Support for transmission equipment statistics
collection
The BSC statistics administration helps the operators get the information they
need on the various charasteristics of the BSC, radio network and transmission
statistics administration. Measurements that collect statistical information are
used in network planning and optimising. Transmission measurements collect
statistical information on transmission and network quality. The information is
collected from the transmission equipment, which is divided into suitable groups
according to the equipment type and generation.
The BSC support for transmission statistics collection consists of two parts: first,
support for PCM downtime statistics (for more information on this, see BSC
Statistics Administration ) and second, support for selective statistics collection.
These are described below. See Transmission measurements for a list and
explanations of the different transmission measurements.
Support for selective statistics collection
Selective statistics collection implements the collection and saving of statistical
information from the Nokia MetroSite and Nokia ConnectSite 10 network
elements inside the current Base Station Subsystem (BSS). Statistics collection
from network elements operates with two new measurement types:
the first type collects statistics from every supervision block (SB) inside
the current transmission network with 24 hours measurement period (TRE-
measurement).
the second type collects statistics from specified SBs and specified

counters with the following possible measurement periods: 15 min, 30
min, 60 min, 2 hours, 3 hours and 24 hours (TRE_SEL-measurement).
The user can add, remove and interrogate objects in the second statistics
collection type (TRE_SEL-measurement) with the TREHAN. Selective statistics
collection information is stored in the PCM Downtime Statistics Equipment File
(PDEFIL).
Restrictions
As stated above, selective statistics can be collected from the Nokia MetroSite
and ConnectSite 10 network elements. From the MetroSite and ConnectSite 10
transmission equipment supervised by Talk-family or PrimeSite BTSs, selective
statistics collection is possible only when the BTS software version is DF5.1 or
newer. However, it is not possible to collect statistics from the Nokia MetroSite
and ConnectSite 10 transmission equipment if it is supervised by Nokia 2nd
generation BTSs.
4.6 Transmission equipment software download
The support for transmission equipment software download functionality can be
used to download and activate a new software build to transmission equipment.
The software download can be used whenever a software version needs to be
updated or changed in the network element.
The BSC can handle software download to transmission equipment which is
supervised by the BSC or the BTS.
Notice that software download between a BSC and a BTS uses OMUSIG channel
and LAPD link protocols. Thus, software download for a BTS is not part of the
Nokia Q1 protocol software download.
With this functionality the user can create or delete a software build, attach or
detach equipment to/from it, start or stop the download operation, activate the
software build, and interrogate information of software builds and download
operations. Furthermore, the user can find out the master file name of the active
software build and, if equipment is currently attached to some software build in
the BSC, also the master file name of the linked software build. The user
interfaces for controlling transmission equipment software download are BSS
Transmission Equipment Handling MML (TREHAN) and the Q1 Interface
Handling MML (Q1IHAN). See BSS Transmission Management and BSS
Transmission Equipment Handling (QU ) for detailed operating tasks and
command descriptions.
The download process consists of two main phases: software download and
software activation. Before the actual download operation the user copies the
software build to the BSC's disks to one freely named subdirectory under
TRE_PACK, which is located in the root directory of the disks. Then the user
creates the build, attaches equipment to it, and finally starts the download
operation. After the actual download operation the new software can be activated.

The activation time can be defined beforehand or the activation can be done
manually at a more suitable time. After the whole process is completed the user
can destroy the build and its files, if preferred, or leave them as they are for future
use.
The software download is done as a multicast download to several pieces of
transmission equipment in the same Q1 channel simultaneously. The download is
executed as a background download, and so it does not interfere with other
communication between master and slave.
The BSC stores the data of created software builds, their attached equipment and
their download operation states in the Nokia Q1 Transmission Equipment
Software Build File (Q1SFIL).
The BSC collects the information of the active master file name to the Q1
Interface Equipment File (Q1EQUI) in the checksum polling operation. This is
the displayed data - so the data is not up-to-date, if checksum polling is not
executed after software build activation.
Checksum polling can be started and the status interrogated with an MML
command. For more information on the command, refer to BSS Transmission
Equipment Handling (QU ).
Capacity
If the TRE_PACK directory does not exist, the BSC creates it automatically to the
root directory. The TRE_PACK directory can contain 256 entries, that is files and
directories. The result is that, by default, a maximum of 256 transmission
equipment software builds can exist on the BSC's disks, depending on whether
there are some extra files in TRE_PACK directory.
Only ten of the existing builds on the disks can be used for software download at
a time, that is they can be created and linked with equipment.
Two hundred pieces of equipment can be attached to one build.
Restrictions
Software download can be done only for those pieces of equipment, which
support it, that is, through MetroSite and ConnectSite 10 BTS or newer. Software
download is possible also through PrimeSite or Talk-family BTSs if the software
build DF6.0 or newer is used. In addition, the equipment has to be initialised to
Nokia Q1 equipment.
Software download and activation are queue-based. This means that only one
operation of each that is, one download and one activation can be active at
a time. Others are pending until it is their turn in the queue.
Multicast software download is possible only for the kind of equipment that

support it. Software download to the other transmission equipment can be carried
out with the remote Node Managers transparently through the BSC, which is not
actually participating in the process.
5.Transmission parameters
Transmission-related parameters that the user can modify are created to PRFILE.
This section lists the parameters and shortly describes how they are related to
transmission management. Refer to PRFILE Parameter List for a more complete
list and description of the PRFILE parameters.
bts Q1 rt update count
The BSC makes real-time update to transmission equipment periodically.
This parameter defines the number of real-time updates made in a day.
number of Q1 channels
The parameter defines the number of time slots reserved from AS7 plug-in
unit to be used for Q1 channels.
tr equ coll start tim
The parameter defines the starting time of the collection of the transmission
equipment existence data.
tre checksum coll count
The parameter defines the count of the executions per day for Nokia Q1
implemented transmission equipment checksum collection.
tre sw dl mc address
The parameter defines the Nokia Q1 implemented transmission equipment
multicast address which is used when transmission equipment software is
downloaded with multicast mode.
For the parameters of the transmission-related MMLs, refer to the corresponding
MML documentation .
6.Transmission alarms
This section lists the main transmission-equipment-related alarms. Refer to
Disturbance Printouts , Failure Printouts , or Transmission Equipment Printouts
for detailed alarm descriptions, operating instructions and cancelling information.
1911 INVALID URGENCY LEVEL IN TRANSMISSION ALARM

2970 LOSS OF SUPERVISION CONNECTION
2973 SUBMULTIPLEXER HIGHWAY FAULT
2974 SUBMULTIPLEXER LINK PLUG-IN UNIT FAULT
2975 TRANSCODER UNIT BRANCHING PLUG-IN UNIT FAULT
2976 TRANSCODER UNIT MSC INTERFACE FAULT
2977 TRANSCODER UNIT BSC INTERFACE FAULT
2978 TRANSCODER UNIT TRC15 CHANNEL FAILURE
2979 TRANSCODER UNIT TRAU BUS FAULT
2980 TRANSCODER UNIT CROSS CONNECT PLUG-IN UNIT
FAULT
2981 SUPERVISORY SUBSTATION ALARM
2982 TRANSCODER UNIT TRC15 CHANNEL EQUIPMENT OR
MEMORY FAULT
3929 UNDEFINED TRANSMISSION ALARM
8xxx Where xxx indicates the fault code
7.Transmission measurements
The measurements related to transmission management are described in the
table below. The table lists the number, name and description of the measurement.
Name No. Description
DMR measurement
DN2 measurement
TRU/BIE
measurement
62
63
64
Registers information on signal quality
andfrequency input level of radio hopping,
controlled by a DMR. The measurement
collects information from the radio relay
equipment.
Registers information on signal quality of
thePCM wire connected to a DN2. The
measurement provides information on
transmission quality in used PCM connection
between a DN2 and the BSC or another
transmission equipment.
Registers information on signal quality of the
PCM wire connected to the transmission unit
(TRUA/TRUB) and/ or the base station
interface equipment (BIE). The measurement
provides information about transmission

ET BSC measurement
ET TCSM measurement
Transmission
equipment
measurement (TRE)
Selective transmission
equipment
measurement (TRE_SEL)
65
66
68
69
quality in used PCM connection between a
TRU/BIE and the BSC or another transmission
equipment.
Provides information on signal quality of the
PCM wire, which is connected to the
exchange terminal (ET) quipment controlled
by a BSC.
Provides information on signal quality of the
PCM wire, which is connected to the ET
equipment controlled by a TCSM.
Registers information on signal quality of the
MetroSite and ConnectSite 10 transmission
system.
Registers information on signal quality and
frequency input level (only from radio relay
equipment) of the selected part of the
MetroSite
and ConnectSite 10 transmission system.

Transmission management in BSS

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Transmission management in BSS