The Victorian Period from 1837 to 1901 saw huge population growth in Britain which doubled in size, creating massive demand and transforming the country into the most powerful nation on Earth with the largest empire that had ever existed. New factories and machines emerged alongside new towns, changing the way people lived and worked as Britain industrialized and the railway network expanded. Life in Victorian times depended greatly on social class, with the rich living very different lives than the poor, as poverty, child labor, crime, and lack of access to healthcare and education were rampant issues of the time.