1. Water and air
on Earth

2. PLANTS
ANIMALS
ALL
LIVING
THINGS
NEED
WATER
PEOPLE

3. NO
COLOUR
NO SMELL
WHAT’S
WATER
LIKE?
NO TASTE

4. All living things need water and air to
live.
•
It is found in three STATES
SOLID
LIQUID
GAS
Water changes state when you heat it or cool
it.

5. The three forms of water
•
You can find water in 3 different forms:
–
–
–
Liquid
Solid
Gas
Water is a liquid.
Ice is a solid at
0 degrees.
Water vapour
is a gas at
a hundred degrees

6. DOES WATER CHANGE?
•
•
•
Water turns to GAS when it is HOT.
Water turns to SOLID when it is VERY
COLD.
Water turns to liquid at ROOM
TEMPERATURE.

7. DOES WATER CHANGE?
It melts
It freezes
It evaporates
It condenses

8. Water
•
•
•
•
•
•
We need water for drinking.
We need water for swimming.
We need water for cooking.
We need water for cleaning.
We need water for washing.
We need water for watering the
plants.

9. CLEANING
WASHING
SWIMMING
USES OF
WATER
DRINKING
COOKING
WATERING
THE
PLANTS

10. USES OF
WATER

11. WATER AND LAND
•
•
•
The Earth is covered with WATER and LAND.
There is more water than land on the Earth!
We can find water is many different places. Most
of the water is salty.

12. We can find water in
•
A lake.
– A river.
– In a waterfall.
– The clouds.
– The seas.
– Groundwater.
– Reservoirs.
– The icecaps.
–

13. Where we
find waterter
water

14. We find water in a
lake.
We find water in a river.
We find water in a
waterfall.
We find water in the clouds
.

15. We find water in the sea.
We find water in the icecaps.
We find water in reservoirs.
We find groundwater.

16. FRESHWATER
•
Most of the water on Earth is
– Saltwater.
•
Only a little is
– Freshwater.

17. FRESHWATER
SALTWATER

18. Oceans and seas are saltwater.
Rivers, lakes, icecaps, groundwater and reservoirs are freshwater.

19. WATER
HERE IS
LIQUID.
WATER
HERE IS
GAS.
WATER
HERE IS
SOLID.

20. ALL ABOUT AIR
•
Air is a mixture of gases.
•
We cannot see air but it is all around us.
•
•
People and animals breathe oxygen from
the air.
All living things need air to live.

21. •
•
Plants can’t grow without air.
People and animals can’t breathe without
air.

22. AIR IS FOUND IN THE ATMOSPHERE.
Atmosphere is the layer of gases that sorround the
Earth

23. Characteristics of air
•
•
Air is a mixture of gases, but it consists
mainly of OXYGEN and NITROGEN.
As water it has NO SMELL, NO TASTE,
AND NO COLOUR
NITROGEN
OXYGEN

24. WIND
•
•
•
•
•
•
Wind is moving air.
Hot air goes up
Cold air goes down.
The difference in temperature causes
wind.
Wind moves air from one place to another.
This is why clouds move.

25. Types of wind
•
•
•
•
No wind
Little wind
Strong wind
Very strong wind
•
•
•
•
Calm
Breeze
Gale
Hurricane

26. An anemometer measures how fast the
wind is moving.
A weather vane tells us wind direction

27. Weather
•
Weather is the state of the atmosphere at
a certain time in certain places.

28. The weather can be windy.
The weather can be sunny.
The weather can be cloudy.
The weather can be rainy.

29. The weather can be stormy.
The weather can be snowy.
The weather can be foggy.

30. What’s the weather like today in
Spain?

31. Temperatures and Precipitation
•
•
When the weather is HOT, the
temperature is HIGH.
When the weather is COLD, the
temperature is LOW.

32. PRECIPITATION
•
•
•
•
•
Precipitation is water falling from the
atmosphere to the ground.
It can be:
LIQUID ---------RAIN DROPS
SOLID -------------- SNOW FLAKES
BALLS OF ICE --------- HAIL STONES

33. Measuring weather
•
ANEMOMETER: WIND SPEED
•
RAIN GAUGE: RAIN FALL
•
TEMPERATURE: THERMOMETER.

34. FRESHWATER
•
•
We can only drink CLEAN freshwater. We
call this DRINKING WATER.
Water from rivers and lakes is NONDRINKING WATER.

35. DON’T WASTE WATER
•
•
We must save water.
Only the 3% of all the water on Earth is
freshwater.

36. The drought
•
•
When it doesn´t rain for a long time it’s
difficult for the plants and fish to survive.
They usually happen in summer.

37. WATER CYCLE

38. What is the water cycle?
•
The water cycle is a continuous process of
EVAPORATION, CONDENSATION,
PRECIPITATION and COLLECTION

39. The water cycle
•
•
•
•
When it is hot Water from the sea evaporates.
The water vapour condenses into tiny drops and
form clouds.
When the clouds are cold, it rains or snow.
The rain or snow falls into the sea.

40. Evaporation
When the water turns into a gas

41. Condensation

42. Precipitation

43. COLLECTION

44. Water on Earth is always changing
state and place. The water cycle.

45. EVAPORATION
•
When the Sun heats water, water vapour
rises.

46. CONDENSATION
•
When the water vapor cools, it turns into
water drops and form clouds.

47. PRECIPITATION
•
The wind moves the clouds. When the
clouds cool, water from the clouds falls as
rain. If it is very cold, the water freezes
and falls as snow. Rain and snow are both
types of precipitation.

48. COLLECTION
•
The water that falls to the ground eventually
goes into rivers. It can travel to the rivers across
the surface of the Earth or underground. Rivers
take the water back to the ocean and seas.

49. •
Now the cycle
begins again.