by Fatrick Vandamme Gregorio Antonio Labuguen Cristine Joyce Perez Margarita Villiota Roxanne Umayam

2. Creation Cosmology
Big Bang vs. Creation
Are we being told all the evidence or just
selected information to support a
particular idea?

3. The Big Bang
The Handy Space Answer Book, 1998
―Fifteen to twenty billion years ago
a big bang, or explosion, occurred,
creating the universe. The
universe began as an infinitely
dense, hot fireball, a scrambling of
space and time.‖

4. The Big Bang
Expansion of space and time
Original
A Universe Matter
With No
Center
Does this sudden explosion of nothing into
something (the universe) sound like a miracle?

5. Big Bang

6. The Big Bang
Paul Davies, physicist and evolutionist, in his book -
The Edge of Infinity, describes the big bang this way:
―[The big bang] represents the instantaneous
suspension of physical laws, the sudden
abrupt flash of lawlessness that allowed
something to come out of nothing. It
represents a true miracle…‖
Why is this more scientific than
In the beginning God created?

7. God Stretched the Heavens
17 times the Bible declares that God stretched
the heavens
2 Sam 22:10 Job 37:18 Isaiah 51:13
Psalm 18:9 Isaiah 40:22 Jeremiah 10:12
Psalm 104:2 Isaiah 42:5 Jeremiah 51:15
Psalm 144:5 Isaiah 44:24 Ezekiel 1:22
Job 9:8 Isaiah 45:12 Zechariah 12:1
Job 26:7 Isaiah 48:13

8. God Stretched Out the Heavens
 Isaiah 42:5 This is what God the LORD says— he who created the heavens
and stretched them out, who spread out the earth and all that comes out of it,
who gives breath to its people, and life to those who walk on it:
 Isaiah 44:24 "This is what the LORD says— your Redeemer, who formed you
in the womb: I am the LORD, who has made all things, who alone stretched
out the heavens, who spread out the earth by myself,
 Isaiah 45:12 It is I who made the earth and created mankind upon it. My own
hands stretched out the heavens; I marshaled their starry hosts.
 Isaiah 51:13 that you forget the LORD your Maker, who stretched out the
heavens and laid the foundations of the earth, that you live in constant terror
every day because of the wrath of the oppressor, who is bent on destruction?
For where is the wrath of the oppressor?
 Jeremiah 10:12 But God made the earth by his power; he founded the world
by his wisdom and stretched out the heavens by his understanding.
 Jeremiah 51:15 "He made the earth by his power; he founded the world by his
wisdom and stretched out the heavens by his understanding.

9. Is the Big Bang True?
If the big bang is true then:
 2,000 years of incorrect interpretation
 Science is needed to understand Scripture
 The authority of Scripture is in doubt
 The Earth is not a special place

10. Big Bang vs. Creation
The order of events in the creation is
inconsistent with the evolutionary model.
Order of Appearance (Evolution) Order of Appearance (Bible)
1. Sun/stars existed before the 1. Earth created before
Earth sun/stars
2. Sun is Earth’s first light 2. Light on Earth before sun
3. First life = marine organisms 3. First life = land plants
4. Reptiles predate birds 4. Birds predate land reptiles
5. Land mammals predate 5. Whales predate land
whales animals
6. Disease/death precede man’s 6. Disease/death results from
sin man’s sin

11. The Big Bang
 There is no
special place in
the universe
 The universe is
homogeneous
 There is no
center to the
universe

12. The Big Bang
Evidences used to support the big bang
 Redshift
 Cosmic background radiation
 Element abundances

13. Edwin Hubble

14. Redshift of Starlight
Light Spectrum
UV Blue Red IR
Moving toward Moving away
Redshifts are used to describe the
expansion of the universe – the distance of
a galaxy from the earth due to the
stretching of the light waves.
Compressed (blue side) Stretched (red side)

15. Hubble’s Discovery

16. Hubble Refined

17. Redshift Interpretation
Galaxy 1
Galaxy 2
Galaxy 3
Blue Red
We should observe redshifts at all distances
along the light spectrum (big bang model)

18. Redshift Values
Blue Red
What we Big bang model predicts a
observe homogeneous universe
Blue Red
Distinct quanta (1-million light year intervals)

19. Hubble Law

20. Redshifts
Russell Humphreys, Ph.D. Physics,
Technical Journal, 2002
―Astronomers have confirmed that numerical
values of galaxy redshifts are ‗quantized‘,
tending to fall into distinct groups. …
That would mean the galaxies tend to be
grouped into (conceptual) spherical shells
concentric around our home galaxy.‖

21. Implications of Quantized Redshifts
Russell Humphreys, Ph.D. Physics, Starlight and
Time, 1994, p. 128.
―…the quantized distribution of galactic
red shifts, observed by various
astronomers seems to contradict the
Copernican principle and all cosmologies
founded on it – including the big bang.‖

22. Redshifts and Galaxy Distances
Concentric
circles 1-million
light years apart
Milky Way
Has this been confirmed and what does it mean?

23. Confirmation of Quantized Redshifts
W. G. Tifft and W. J. Cocke, Global redshift
quantization, Astrophysical Journal, 1984.
―There is now very firm evidence that
redshifts of galaxies are quantized …‖

24. Redshift Analysis

25. Confirmation from Hubble
W. Napier and B. Guthrie, Quantized redshifts: a status
report, Journal Astrophysics and Astronomy, 1997.
―… the redshift distribution has been
found to be strongly quantized in the
galactocentric frame of reference.‖
What does this mean to the big bang?

26. A Special Place
John Hartnett (Ph.D. Physics), Journal of
Creation, vol 18(1), 2004, p. 9.
―Newly published data from the Sloan
Digital Sky Survey (SDSS), led by Max
Tegmark of the University of
Pennsylvania, shows that our galaxy is
centered on a great concentric
distribution of galaxies…
continued

27. If this map is correct, the evidence seems
to suggest that the so-called
‗cosmological principle‘, upon which all of
big bang cosmology is based is wrong.‖
John Hartnett (Ph.D. Physics), Journal of Creation,
vol 18(1), 2004, p. 9.

28. Halton Arp
 Key actor in the debate on the
origin and evolution of galaxies in
the universe.
 Staff astronomer at the Mt Wilson
and Palomar Observatories in
California for 29 years. Earlier in
his career, he was Edwin Hubble's
assistant.
 He has earned the Helen B.Warner
prize, the Newcomb Cleveland
award and the Alexander von
Humboldt Senior Scientist Award.

29. Galaxy NGC 4319 Quasar (Markarian 205)
Quasars and Galaxies

30. Halton Arp on Redshift
Halton Arp Quasars, Redshifts and
Controversies, Interstellar Media, Berkeley,
California, 1987.
―The fact that measured values of redshift do
not vary continuously but come in steps—
certain preferred values—is so unexpected
that conventional astronomy has never been
able to accept it, in spite of the overwhelming
observational evidence.‖...
continued

31. Halton Arp on Redshift
―For supposed recession velocities of quasars,
to measure equal steps in all directions in the
sky means we are at the centre of a series of
explosions. This is an anti-Copernican
embarrassment.‖

32. A New Big Bang Bombshell
An open letter to the scientific community by
229 scientists, May 2004
New Scientist, www.cosmologystatement.org
 An open exchange of ideas is not tolerated
 The big bang today relies on a growing
number of hypothetical entities, things we
have never observed

33.  The big bang theory cannot survive
without fudge factors
 In no other field of physics would this
continual recourse to new hypothetical
objects be accepted
 The big bang can boast of no quantitative
predictions that have been validated by
observation

34. Evidence Against the Big Bang
 Redshift
 Cosmic Background Radiation
 Galaxy formation
 Spiral Galaxies
 Supernova Remnants (SNR)
 Distribution of galaxies
 1st and 2nd Laws of Thermodynamics
 Medium and heavy elements
 Star formation

35. Implications of the Big Bang
 God‘s creation was not 6-days
 The meaning of ―very good‖ in Genesis 1:31
 Death before sin
 The Genesis Flood was not worldwide
 Colossians 1:16 ―all‖ does not mean all
things
 What do the heavens declare: God or
evolution?
 The authority of Scripture