Some Special Tools for Fiber Optics

1. Some Special Tools for Fiber Optics
As we know, splicers will need much the same tools to open and set up a fiber
splice as they want a copper splice. The usual cable knife, tabbing shears, etc,
are required, along with a few specially tools used only for fiber splicing.
Once the sheath has been opened and the field bonded in the standard
fashion, a buffer tube cutter is required to score the hard, gel-filled buffer
tubes. Caution should be exercised when performing this operation, because
the buffer tubes contain fibers that are protected only by their primary coating.
Use this tool only to score the tube and not to cut it. After opening up an
express run (straight through cable), the splicer will have to use a tube splitter
tool to remove the buffer tube bu running it along the tube, which then splits.
Other handy tools include ceramic scissors for cutting the Kevlar in many
cables, a magnifier for close-up examination of the fiber end face, and
masking tapes for scarp containment. Alcohol with lint-free pads and a Fiber
Optic Stripper are also requirement.

2. Most critical of all, however, is the choice of splitter. With the exception of the
AMP Optimal splice/workstation (the splitter is built in), every fiber optic splice
requires the use of a separate splitter. This tool, carrying in price 150 dollars to
2,500 dollars, can make or break a splicer’s day. The Fiber splitter on the
end of a fiber is the most critical part of a successful splice, so it is advised to
purchase and use a high-quality splitter. In my experience, at least half of all
failed fiber splices are a direct result of a bad cleave from a cheap splitter.
This is not the place to save money.
Unlike testing copper cable, testing fiber cable is easy and fun, Only two tests
are specified by the EIA/TIA and most firms don’t even require those. The
four basic tests that can be performed on fiber are the continuity test, received

3. power test, single-ended test, and double-ended test, the continuity test can
be performed quickly and easily with as little equipment as a 10 dollars
flashlight, while the received power test requires the use of a power meter,
which can be purchased for as little as 500 dollars. The other two EIA/TIA
test procedures require the use of a light source, power meter, and several
good jumper cords. Kits containing this equipment are available for as little as
1,000 dollars.
The optical time domain reflectometer (OTDR) is an expensive instrument
used primarily for acceptance testing and fault locating on long-haul
single-mode fiber systems. This is called the “blind spot” or “dead zone.”
However, once outside the dead zone, the OTDR is used primarily for reading
insertion loss and back reflection at splice points. This instrument is not
designed to give accurate end-to-end loss measurements on a fiber system.
Use the standard for this test. OTDRs may be purchased for one or two
wavelengths and may be single mode, multimode, or contain launch modules
for both modes of operation. Prices vary from slightly less than 10000 dollars
to as much as 45,000 dollars, depending on features desired.
Fiber optic cables are becoming the predominant medium of the ’90s and on
into the 21st century. The necessary equipment, tools, and materials are more
sophisticated than those used for copper splicing and trouble-shooting, but
they are coming down in price as competition increase in this field. The wide
bandwidth of fiber transmission will continue to drive improvements in fiber

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