Zeeshan Ali Khan B.Sc-Interior Design(Residential Design Project)
2. PROJECT REPORT
ON
RESIDENTIAL SPACE PLANNING
At
Dezynee’cole college, Ajmer.
Submitted To
Dezyne e’cole college,towards
The partial fulfillment
Of the
Bsc. Interior designing
By
Zeeshan ali khan
Dezyne e’cole college,
106/10 civil lines.
0145-2624679
www.dezynecole.com
2013-2014
3. Dezyne e’cole college,
106/10 civil lines.
Ajmer-305001(Raj.)
0145-2624679
www.dezynecole.com
2013-2014
Dezynee’cole college,
106/10 civil lines,
Ajmer.
The project report of MS./MR.______________of
interior design has been graded as.
Thanking you
Principal(Seal & sign.)
4. ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
The project “residential space planning” me about various aspect
of planning a residential building.
I give my sincere thanks of dezyne e’cole college .and my mintors
who gave me the opportunity to know about the various aspects of
residential space planning and helped me in preparing the project.
Last but not the least thanks to god for keeping me in goodHealth
because of him i was able to submit my project on Time.
Zeeshanali khan
Bsc.Id.
5. CONTENT
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
My College Profile
Residential Designing
WORK OF INTERIOR DESIGNER
What is Interior Design ?
My Skills And Knowledge
Planning Consideration
Building Orientation
Building Envelope
Day Lighting
Rain Water Harvesting
Green Home
Climatology ( My client location)
Bye Laws
Human dimension (anthropometrics and ergonomics)
Ventilation
Case Study
Elements & Principles Basic knowledge in my degree programme
My Working and assignment
Space planning layout (my self)
Architecture layout
Designing concept (colonial style)
bibiography
6. My College Profile
Today Dezyne E’Cole has emerged as a leader with the ability to
integrate knowledge, academic freedom, critical independence and
creative thinking. A history of being in existence for 5 years in Ajmer
stands as a testimony to our fundamentals where academic excellence
lies at the core. The college has stood as a beacon of serious critical
engagement, a key enabler in developing competent professionals in the
field of design, management and information technology. Dezyne E’cole
started in the year 2008 with only four rooms and with a strength of 10
students enrolled in the fashion and interior design Diploma Programme.
In the year 2009 the school was granted Bachelor and Master’s Degree
in Fashion and Interior Design by the Punjab Technical University.
Further the college was given the authority by the government of
Rajasthan in the year 2010 to use the word College and since then
Dezyne E’cole College became the name. In the year 2011 college
expanded further and was declared a regular college with the granting of
authority by the university of Ajmer. This led to the expansion of college
and addition of two more courses with Dezyne E’cole, the Department of
Administration(BBA), and Information Technology leading to award of
Bachelors Degree in Computer Application was added. From then until
now, Dezyne E’cole has scaled high academic standards. The faculty
resource of the college has grown into a community of leading
practitioners, education enthusiasts, entrepreneurs, creative thinkers,
researchers and analysts. Invigorating through leadership, research
stimulus, industry focus, creative enterprise and peer learning have
reinforced the colleges academic bedrock.
Fostering a new generation of creative thinkers, today the college is
empowered to award Degrees in Undergraduate, Postgraduate studies in
the field of Fashion, Interior, Management and Information Technology.
Articulating the ideology of world class learning practices, the college has
been committed to academic excellence in education.
7. Residential Designing
Basically meaning of the residence is the place where we are living .the
house is one‟s refuge and shelter, it is a space where a person relaxes
after a day‟s hard work and wants to be charged, fresh, confident for the
next day. All this can be achieved if he has the house designed as per
his needs that is a space that nurtures a human being into a more
efficient person this is what is interior design or design of spaces “where
a man does not adjust the house but the house adjust with the person”
very correctly said by a very well known designer of the world Le
Corbusier (the person behind designing the city of Chandigarh),
machine for living. The designers worked on the principal of
anthropometrics (human dimensions) and ergonomics (study of human
dimensions to create any design).
In planning process we have a free factors that are kept in mind, such as
aspect, prospect and grouping and space planning, served (Living
Room) and servant area (Kitchen), watcher and loner etc. in residential
designing a living room is a place which is called a watcher it is based
on a human nature that people like to watch or be close to certain
incidence. A bedroom is a loner because a person needs to relax and it
is a private room. Said by Louis Kahn.
8. WORK OF INTERIOR DESIGNER
Interior designing is a practice of bringing in best visual appeal and
best utilization of a space keeping the client views and needs in
mind.
1. The work of interior designer is manipulation of space
keeping manipulation of space keeping in mind the
orientation of the building,building envelope.
2. Emphasis on planning.
3. Making a green building so as it can contribute to
environment.
4. Create space which means machine of living.le corbuser
(person behind designing city Chandigarh).
5. Connectivity between the spaces,spaces which increase the
efficiency of human being.
6. Famous on working drawing specification orthographic
projection perspective drawing etc.
9. What is Interior Design ?
A house is a place where a person behaves in his natural form and is
mainly forproviding shelter. Since prehistoric times, human beings
looked for shelter,
ForExample The Caves or the meticulously Planned Towns of Mohenjo-
DaroHarappa.
To the present day houses which have grown up more luxurious and
beautiful.For a man‟s house is his castle, wrote Sir Edward Coke. This
sentence wascoined by him in the 17th century and since then we have
a beautiful heritageof something known as a Period House, starting from
or beginning with theTudor and the Jacobean Style from the year 1485
to 1625. This period lettowards the development of Sophisticated
Structure and Classicized Decoration.
This period saw the development of the increased specialization of how
a roomfunctions within a house. In the middle ages, the King would live
in one big roomwhere he would eat, sleep and conduct affairs of state.
Fabric Hangings wasconsidered inappropriate for the rooms in which
people ate, as they tended toretain the smell of the food. During this time
Timber, Bricks and Stones wereused. The stone houses had less
decoration than the timber one‟s, as stonewas more difficult and
expensive to carve. During this period the Bay Windowcame into being
along with the Oriel Windows.People used built in furniture during this
time. The Tudor and Jacobean Periodwas followed by Baroque Period
(1625-1714).This period had the developmentof Courtly Style, this style
had the development of rooms as basement, thePiano Nobile(main
reception floor) and Attic (top floor)The Piano Nobile had pediment
windows and very high height. It was the areawhere the ceremonial
works were taken up. This period had grand carvedentrance with the
use of acanthus leaves and bulging fruits.This time period had the
designs created by famous artist Michelangelo. Thisperiod was followed
by Early Georgian, Colonial, British Victorian, Edwardian,Art Noveau, the
Modern Movement (1920-1950). The Modern Movementplayed an
important role in the design industry with designers like WalterGropius,
Le Corbusier, Louis Kahn and Frank Lloyd Wright. There contribution
lead to meticulously designed houses with proper planning and
consideration tofunctionality with well developed clean uncluttered
spaces, electrical wiringsburied in the structure along with the proper
plumbing and water disposal.Metal windows with large glass panes,
healthy, hygienic and efficient homeswere developed. Sullivan‟s disciple
Frank Lloyd Wright (1867-1959),
10. designed buildings which relied more on spaces and form. This kind of
designmade the great impression on Walter Gropius (1883-1969),
Ludwig Mies VanDer Rohe (1886-1969). They defined the doctrine of
Modernism in the 1920‟s.Louis Kahn came up with the idea of design
development of interior spacesfocusing more on served and servant
spaces. He believed that the served spaceshould have the servant
areas near to it so that the functionality of the roomincreases.
For Example:-The living room having the servant areas as kitchens and
toilets.
This concept of his along with the other ideas has been popular till
today. Afterthe World War II IN 1941 rational planning and economy
were combined withhigh standards of mechanical services in housing
project where the designers.
After the World War II IN 1941 rational planning and economy were
combined withhigh standards of mechanical services in housing project
where the designerswere more concerned with how a building perform
than whether it look modern.
The modern movement sought to eliminate extra detailing and focused
more onsimplicity with the advancement of prefabricated materials like
plywood, glassand other materials developed a design area where more
of fresh air andmaximum sunlight were prerequisite. One of the best
characteristic whichdeveloped in the first phase of modernism was the
elimination of the patternsand texture on walls. People used smooth
plaster, glass brick and room dividersin apartments with open plan
layout.
All this required a development of well educated work force that could
supportthe interior design industry and this lead to the development from
the IndianGovernment to take interest in the design field.
The Indian Government has formulated a body known as Indian Design
Councilwhich plays an important role in promoting design developments.
Thegovernment of India setup The Indian Design Council at IIT Mumbai
in theyear 1969 for initiating the Post Graduate Program in Industrial
Design. Butprior to setting industrial design education the development
of art anddesign in India developed in the year 1840. The first art school
known as theBombay Art School (1857) now known as Sir JJ School Of
Arts, the college ofArts Calcutta catered to the Indian Design
Development. In the year 1913 KalaBhawan, the Art College was setup
as part of Shanti Niketan by the Tagorefamily. Not only this, in the year
1922 Rabindra Nath Tagore met Walter
Gropius and invited him for an exhibition to India.
11. In 1958, The Government of India invited Charles and Ray Eames to
train the smallindustries to develop the craft and small scale industry
which resulted in thedevelopment of India.
Design Report. In the year 1960, based on the report of Charles and
RayEames, the Government of India setup the National Institute of
Design (NID,Ahmadabad).
In 1987 the Ministry of Textiles setup the National Institute of Fashion
Technology in Delhi (NIFT). In the year 1997, the full fledged department
ofdesign with Bachelor in Design, Masters in Design and the Doctoral
Degrees came up at IIT, Mumbai. From the year 1999 the private design
schools along with the state universities started developing students with
theformal design education so that the design industry could have the
best brainsto device functional designs. This setup was taken because
as the moderndesigns entered the Indian Market.
For Example: - Kohler, Duravit, Kitchen World, Hacker Kitchens, Etc.
12. My Skills And Knowledge
A house is a machine for living – famous quote said by The Famous
DesignerLe Corbusier. Therefore it states that a house should adjust
according to theperson not the person according to the house, so the
demand of design wascontinued to go on. The planning and designing
should be such that it satisfy theneed of the people.
13. Planning Consideration
(the tenants of Louis kahn served servant area)
To design any Residential area proper planning and brain storming need
to bedone. The planning face of residence is the most important face
because thislead to be developed of structure of the house based on the
shape and form.
The residence design should be plan based on the needs of the person
and ithas been seeing all human beings requirement and needs are to a
createextend similar what we have seen in magazine and book
showcasing beautifulimages of decorated room by which a person feels
happy to see them. Butinterior design is not so easy like the attractive
image of the book. The designhas to be functional so that the person
can feel the space express his self at thesame time enjoy the space.
In the India who has a climate which is hot and dry the year and
sunshinebrightly the whole year with winter month bring less. It is in this
surrounding thata residence of a person access to device a proper
interior design one most seethe outside building envelope along with
interior space so that we can achievethe client requirement a room
which is sun field makes a person happy thenspace which is dull and
dark.
1. Leading
2. Following
3. Groping
4. Loner
5. Watcher
6. worker
7. Servant
8. Outreaching
14. Building Orientation
Orientation of the building generally used to refer to solar orientation
which is theSiting of building with respect to solar access. Although any
building will havedifferent orientation for its different sides, the
orientation can refer to a particularroom, or to the most important façade
of the building.
The building orientation can have an impact on heating, lighting and
cooling costs. By maximizing southern exposure, for example, one can
takeoptimal advantage of the Sun for day light and passive solar heating
.This willresult in lower cooling costs by minimizing western exposures.
Where it is mostdifficult to provide shade from the sun. The designer
must consider and prioritizeall factor and site conditions affecting
building orientation.
For Example – Abuilding might have to take heed of multiple orientation
factors depending onfunction requirement designing For Cooling load or
Heating load. To takeadvantage of north south day lighting.
15. Diagram of Building Orientation
The building may be oriented along aneast- west axis. But this may be
counter to street lines and other siteconsideration. Orientation of the
building entrance may have to respect streetaccess, activity gone and
local urban design guideline. For most reasonoptimum façade
orientation is typically south. South facing glass is relativelyeasy to
shade with an overhang during the summer to minimize solar heat gain.
Light shelves also can work well with the higher sun in the southern
exposure.
North-facing glass receives good day lighting but relatively little direct
isolation,so heat gain is less of a concern.
East and west window orientations and horizontal orientation (skylights)
all resultin more undesired heat gain in the summer than winter. East
and west sun glareis also more difficult to control for occupant comfort
because of low sun angles inearly morning and late afternoon.
16. Building Envelope
The basic meaning of building envelope is the surrounding environment
of thebuilding. Building enveloped is such element that separates the
interior andexterior environment of building.
My client house is located in Ajmer at civil lines. The site is located in
north eastdirection of Ajmer. The building envelope is a tall two storey
building towardsnorth east as mangal bhavan, towards the south west
another building, whichhas commercial in nature and as two storeys
towards the south. We have ahorti-culture department with Tall neem
tree in that plot. We have a lane towards
17. south west direction too. Comparatively a narrow lane where motorbikes
canenter. On the back side of plot towards North West. We have two
houses and anAsoka tree.In building envelope including the foundation,
roof, wall, door, window and alsoinclude physical protection from
weather climate. The building envelope is focuson the controllable
factors that are rain control, air control and temperaturecontrol.
18. Day Lighting
Day lighting is the practice of placing windows or other openings and
reflectivesurfaces so that during the day natural light provides effective
internal lighting.Particular attention is given to day lighting. While
designing a building when theaim is to maximize visual comfort or to
reduce energy use. Energy saving can beachieved either from the
reduced use of artificial (electric) be reduces by simplyinstalling fewer
electric lights automatically in response to the presence of daylighting, a
process known as day lighting harvesting.
Day lighting is a technical tern given to a common centuries-old,
geography and culture independent design basic when “rediscovered”
by 20th
century architects. The amount of day light received in an internal
space can beanalyzed by undertaking a day light factor calculation.
Today, the use ofcomputers and proprietary industry software such as
Radiance can allow anarchitect or Engineer to quickly undertake
complex calculation to review thebenefit of a particular design.
Light give life to the every object. Light brings every other design
elementinto perspective, from architectural details and decoration to all
you perspective.Although you can light your name with an artificial lights
19. source. Natural lights isso important that we could not live without it 20%
of the U.S. population suffersfrom a look of natural light studies house
shown that student do letter when theirclass are held in natural light.
Glass opening we include in our homes that howmuch light enters,
where it goes & how it affects the interior design. Glassopening increase
the visual space of room it makes, interior space seemslarges. And
integrating this space with the surrounding environments.
20. Rain Water Harvesting
Diagram of rain water harvesting
Rain water harvesting is also another important factor of building
envelope.
Landscaping, water body trees Etc. do help to control air and heat we
havediscuss about these things in micro climate.
This Rain water Harvesting System is Follow In My Client House.
21. Green Homes
This is a work process of Green homes
A Green home is a type of house Useless area is designed to be
environmentally friendly and sustainable, focusing on the reflect use of
energywater and building material.
Green homes consume less amount of energy by using natural light and
ventilation. So that, the heat produce from the house is less and it may
not harmthe environment.
22. Climatology
Macro Climate
Micro Climate
My client site is situated in Ajmer and to device it in a proper Planning. I
beganwith a factor of climate of this place. Climatology is the branch of
since. Whichdeals with the climate and the change through the Year and
the weather?
Macro Climate:
Location of India in the world has North-East direction.
Longitude of India - 88° to 90°
Latitude of India – 8° to 37°
The whole India has a tropical monsoon climate, since the greater part
of thecountry lies within the trophies, and the climate is influenced by the
monsoons.
( Micro Climate):-
Apart from the micro climate which is in our control, which we can
changeaccording to the place.
For example - if south direction is a zone from where wind prevails or
which thedirection of wind is, then if the water body is situated in south,
the wind enteringin the house will be cool. Beside this we can see that
micro climate can bechanged by landscaping because when the rays of
sun light radiate the light andin a very little quantity it bring out the heat
back, therefore it makes the placeless hot.
24. Bye Laws
We need space for landscaping, plantation and water body so many set
backsare to be left on the plot. The setbacks are left according to
government buildingbye laws.
It is helpful to do the activity such as planning, designing, construction in
thesame zone.The building which is planned based on bye- laws are
comfort able to live inhave proper light (natural light), ventilation and air
circulation and are safe.I have also left setbacks in my planning which
make a good ventilation, naturallight , daylight for the building.
25. (The various aspects of building activities covered by the bye laws in
summarized as under):-
1. Distance from electric lines.
2.Lines of building frontages.
3. Open space within a plot.
4. Built up area limitation.
5. Norms relating to size and height of rooms and requirements of
part of building.
27. Ventilation:-
Ventilating is the process of "changing" or replacing air in any space to provide
high indoor air quality Ventilation is used to remove unpleasant smells and
excessive moisture, introduce outside air, to keep interior building air
circulating, and to prevent stagnation of the interior air.
Window to window
Door to door
28. Case Study
Client Name- zaroon ali
Occupation- Interior Designer
Age- 35
Place- Mumbai
Sex- male
Hobby- songs, reading books
Mood of house - elegant mood
He wants studio apartment
Studio apartment size-20’x20’
Design concept- colonial style
29. Elements & Principles-:
Elements
Point
Line
Shape
Form
Colour
Texture
Pattern
Movement
Principles
Scale
Proportion
Balance
Rhythm
Harmony
Repetition
Gradation
Radiation
Emphasis
Unity
30. Basic knowledge in my degree programme
Components of a Building- I also studied about Components of a
building. A building can be divided in two parts.
(i) Sub- structure (ii) Super structure
The portion of the building below the surrounding ground is known
as sub structure and the portion above the ground is termed as
super structure. The components of a building are- foundation,
plinth, walls, doors and windows, stairs, roof etc.
Foundation-
Foundation is the lowest part of a structure below the ground level
which is in direct contact with the ground and transmits all the dead, live
and other loads to the soil on which the structure rests.
Plinth-
I have also study about the plinth, the portion of the building between
the ground surrounding the building and the top of the floor
immediately above the ground is known as plinth.
Walls -
I have also studied about walls, the cavity walls which act as a
Thermal Insulation as well as the Sound Insulation. It consists
of two walls with a 5cm to 8cm cavity between them.
Doors and Windows-
I have also studied about the various types of doors and windows and
to understand them better. A door define as a barrier secured in an
opening left in a wall to provide usual means of access to a building
room or passage and A window purpose of providing day- lighting ,and
ventilation.
Drainage –
I have also studied about drainage system, rainwater harvesting
system
31. Bricks- I have studied about different types of brick bonds like
English bond, Flemish bond, stretcher bond, header bond etc.
My Working and assignment