Caryle group (wikipedia)

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Carlyle Group
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

The Carlyle Group is an American-based global
asset management firm, specializing in private
The Carlyle Group, L.P.
equity, based in Washington, D.C. The Carlyle
Group operates in four business areas: corporate
private equity, real assets, market strategies and fund
-of-funds, through its AlpInvest subsidiary. In its Type Public
2010 annual report, Carlyle reported assets in excess
of $150 billion under management diversified over Traded as NASDAQ: CG
84 distinct funds.[2] The firm employs more than 890 (http://www.nasdaq.com/symbol/cg)
employees, including 495 investment professionals, Industry Financial Services
in 20 countries with offices in the Americas, Europe,
Asia, and Australia, and its portfolio companies Founded 1987
employ more than 415,000 people worldwide. The
Headquarters Washington, D.C., United States
firm has over 1,300 investment partners in 71
countries. Key people William E. Conway, Jr., Founder
Daniel A. D'Aniello, Founder
According to a 2011 ranking called the PEI 300
David M. Rubenstein, Founder
based on capital raised over the last five years,
Carlyle was ranked as the third largest private equity Products Private equity, Management
firm in the world, after TPG Capital and Goldman buyouts
Sachs Principal Investment Area.[3] Carlyle had been Real estate
ranked first in the 2007 listing.[4] Leveraged finance
In 2010, the Financial Times announced that Carlyle and growth capital
Group is the private equity firm of the year. Revenue US$ 4.109 billion (June 2011)[1]
Net income US$ 2.489 billion (June 2011)[1]
AUM US$153.7 bil (June 2011)[1][2]
Contents
Total assets US$ 17.690 billion (June 2011)[1]
■ 1 Investment focus Employees 1,100 [1]
■ 2 History
■ 2.1 Current portfolio and major Website www.carlyle.com
acquisitions (http://carlyle.com/)
■ 2.2 Carlyle Capital Corporation
■ 3 AlpInvest
■ 4 Carlyle in the Media
■ 4.1 Documentaries
■ 5 Controversial Legislation
■ 6 Notable current and former employees
and advisors
■ 6.1 Business
■ 6.2 Political figures
■ 6.2.1 North America
■ 6.2.2 Europe
■ 6.2.3 Asia
■ 6.3 Media

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carlyle_Group 5/23/2012


■ 7 See also
■ 8 References
■ 9 Further reading
■ 10 External links

Investment focus
Carlyle invests primarily in the following industries: aerospace and defense, automotive, consumer and
retail, energy and power, health care, real estate, technology and business services, telecommunications
and media, and transportation. The Carlyle Group's investments are focused on East Asia, Europe and
North America, with most investment money coming from the United States (65%), Europe (25%), Asia
(6%), Latin America, and the Middle East.[citation needed] Defense investments represent about 50% of the
group's current portfolio;[citation needed] for example, Carlyle owns 33.8% of QinetiQ,[citation needed] the
privatized British defense contractor.

History
Carlyle was founded in 1987 by five Washington executives: William E. Conway, Jr., Stephen L.
Norris, David M. Rubenstein, Daniel A. D'Aniello and Greg Rosenbaum.[5] Rosenbaum left in 1987;[6]
Norris left in 1995.[7][8] The three remaining founders are reported to collectively own around a 50%
interest in the group's general partnership. The rest of Carlyle is owned by a group of individuals, most
of whom serve as managing directors, and by two institutional investors.

In 2001, the California Public Employees' Retirement System (CalPERS)
acquired a 5.5% holding in Carlyle's management company for $175
million. The investment was valued at approximately $1 billion by 2007 at
the height of the 2000s buyout boom.[9]

Lou Gerstner, former chairman and CEO of IBM and Nabisco, was
appointed chairman of Carlyle in January 2003 and served in that position
through October 2008. Gerstner remains with Carlyle as a senior advisor.

Carlyle Group Historical In September 2007, Mubadala Development Company, an investment
Logo vehicle for the government of Abu Dhabi of the United Arab Emirates,
purchased a 7.5% stake for $1.35 billion.[9]

In November 2008, The Carlyle Group was named Private Equity firm of the year in the U.S. at the
Financial Times-Mergermarket 2008 M&A Awards.[10]

In 2000, Carlyle entered into a joint venture with Riverstone Holdings, an energy and power focused
private equity firm founded by former Goldman Sachs investment bankers. In March 2009, New York
State and federal authorities began an investigation into payments made by Carlyle and Riverstone to
placement agents allegedly made in exchange for investments from the New York State Common
Retirement System, the state's pension fund. It was alleged that these payments were in fact bribes or
kickbacks, made to pension officials who have been under investigation by New York State Attorney
General, Andrew Cuomo.[11] In May 2009, Carlyle agreed to pay $20 million in a settlement with
Cuomo and accepted changes to its fundraising practices.[12]



Current portfolio and major acquisitions
Carlyle has investments spread out over several different industries, with about 22% of their investments
in energy and power, 19% in real estate, 15% in technology and business services, 8% in consumer and
retail, 8% in industrial, 6% in telecommunications and media, 6% in transportation, 6% in healthcare,
5% in aerospace, and 4% devoted to other industries, according to their 2008 annual report.[citation needed]

Noted current and former portfolio companies include Dex Media, the former directories business of
Qwest Communications; Willcom, a Japanese wireless company; Casema, a Dutch cable company; and
Insight Communications, the ninth largest cable company in the U.S. The Carlyle Group was once a
major investor in US Investigations Services, which is the privatized arm of the United States Office of
Personnel Management's Office of Federal Investigations, but has since divested itself, selling its stake
to Providence Equity Partners in 2007.[citation needed]

Brand-name consumer companies that Carlyle owns include: Dunkin' Brands, which owns Dunkin'
Donuts and Baskin-Robbins, as well as oral hygiene company Water Pik Technologies.

In March 2006, Carlyle acquired UC4 Software and became a majority shareholder in the company.

In 2006 Carlyle acquired 68 percent interest in Oriental Trading Company which declared bankruptcy in
August 2010.[13]

In October 1997 Carlyle acquired United Defense Industries, bringing in over 60% of Carlyle's defense
business. United Defense went public on the New York Stock Exchange in December 2001 with Carlyle
retaining a stock ownership position. Carlyle completed the sale of all of its United Defense stock and
exited the investment in April 2004.[14] (One major United Defense program was the XM2001 Crusader
self-propelled howitzer which was canceled by Defense Secretary Donald Rumsfeld in early 2002
causing United Defense stock prices to fall 27 percent.[15]) Since then, The Carlyle Group has divested
the majority of its interest from the defense industry.

In July 2004, Carlyle formed DHS Technologies LLC, when it became a major investor in DHS
Systems, the manufacturer of Deployable Rapid Assembly Shelter, or DRASH, military shelters and
support equipment, and Reeves EMS emergency medical supplies.[16]

In September 2006, Carlyle acquired Forba Dental Management, the owner of Small Smiles Dental
Centers, the largest US chain of dental clinics for children.[17]

On January 29, 2007, Carlyle announced that it would acquire Synagro Technologies, Inc, which
according to Synagro's website is "the largest recycler of biosolids and other organic residuals in the
United States". The total enterprise value of the transaction, including the assumption of debt, is $772
million.[18]

On June 28, 2007, Carlyle announced that it would partner with Onex Corporation to buy the Allison
Transmission unit from General Motors for $5.6 billion.[19]

In June 2007, Carlyle agrees to acquire HD Supply for $10.3 billion, along with Bain Capital and
Clayton, Dubilier & Rice (with each agreeing to buy a one-third stake in the division). Home Depot sold
their wholesale construction supply business to fund a stock repurchase estimated at $40 billion



On July 28, 2007, Carlyle announced the acquisition of Applus+ from its shareholders Agbar, Unión
Fenosa and Caja Madrid for an enterprise value of €1,480 million.[20]

On December 18, 2007, David Rubenstein, representing the Carlyle Group, purchased the Magna Carta
(one of seventeen copies) at Sotheby's Auction House in New York City. He paid the Perot Foundation
$21.3 million. Mr. Rubenstein expressed his intent for it to be returned to the National Archives for
display.

On May 16, 2008, Booz Allen Hamilton announced that it would sell a majority stake in the US
government business to The Carlyle Group for $2.54 billion. The transaction was expected to be
complete July 31, 2008.[21]

On August 2008, Carlyle Group bought IRIS Unified Ag through FRS Global.

On October 16, 2009, Carlyle Group bought Metaldyne - a global automotive components supplier.[22]

On September 4, 2011, the carpet manufacturer Brintons announced that it had been acquired by the
Carlyle Group.[23]

On October 3, 2011, the pharmaceutical contract research organisation PPD announced that it had been
acquired by the Carlyle Group.[24]

Carlyle Capital Corporation

In March 2008, Carlyle Capital Corporation, established in August 2006[25] for the purpose of making
investments in U.S. mortgage-backed securities, defaulted on about US$ 16.6 billion of debt as the
global credit crunch brought about by the subprime mortgage crisis worsened for leveraged investors.
The Guernsey-based affiliate of Carlyle was very heavily leveraged, up to 32 times by some accounts,
and it expects its creditors to seize its remaining assets.[26] Tremors in the mortgage markets induced
several of Carlyle's 13 lenders to make margin calls or to declare Carlyle in default on its loans.[27] In
response to the forced liquidation of mortgage-backed assets caused by the Carlyle margin calls and
other similar developments in credit markets, on March 11, 2008, the Federal Reserve gave Wall Street's
primary dealers the right to post mortgaged-back securities as collateral for loans of up to $200 billion in
higher-grade, U.S. government-backed securities.[28] On March 12, 2008, BBC News Online reported
that "instead of underpinning the mortgage-backed securities market, it seems to have had the opposite
effect, giving lenders an opportunity to dump the risky asset" and that Carlyle Capital Corp. "will
collapse if, as expected, its lenders seize its remaining assets."[29] On March 16, 2008, Carlyle Capital
announced that its Class A Shareholders had voted unanimously in favor of the Corporation filing a
petition under Part XVI, Sec. 96, of the Companies Law (1994) of Guernsey[30] for a "compulsory
winding up proceeding" to permit all its remaining assets to be liquidated by a court appointed
liquidator.[31]

The losses to the Carlyle Group due to the collapse of Carlyle Capital are reported to be "minimal from a
financial standpoint".[32]

AlpInvest
Main article: AlpInvest Partners



AlpInvest Partners is one of the largest private
equity investment managers globally with over €42
AlpInvest Partners
billion (approximately $55 billion) under
management at the end of 2009, invested alongside
more than 250 private equity firms. Founded in 1999,
AlpInvest has historically been the exclusive manager
of private equity investments for the investment
managers of two of the world's largest pension funds
Stichting Pensioenfonds ABP (ABP) and Stichting Type Private
Pensioenfonds Zorg en Welzijn (PFZW), both based
in the Netherlands. In January 2011, Carlyle Industry Private Equity
announced the acquisition of AlpInvest. The
Headquarters Amsterdam, Netherlands
acquisition will add a leading fund-of-funds and
secondary platform, significantly expanding Carlyle's Products Fund investments, Secondaries, Co
global asset management business. -Investments, Mezzanine

AlpInvest pursues investment opportunities across the Total assets €42 billion ($55 billion)
entire spectrum of private equity including: large
Parent The Carlyle Group
buyout, middle-market buyout, venture capital,
growth capital, mezzanine, distressed and sustainable Website www.AlpInvest.com
energy investments. (http://www.alpinvest.com/)

The firm also invests through a range of private
equity investment channels, which include: new fund commitments, secondary market purchases, equity
co-investments and mezzanine investments. AlpInvest invests primarily in private equity limited
partnerships and effectively acts as a fund investor, making commitments to private equity funds
globally. Between 2000 and 2010, AlpInvest made 389 fund investments managed by 226 different
general partners.[2] AlpInvest will invest with these firms either by making commitments to new
investment funds or by purchasing funds through the private equity secondary market. AlpInvest is one
of the largest private equity fund investors and is also among the largest and most active and
experienced investors in private equity secondaries. The Secondary Investments team acquires or
restructures portfolios of private equity assets ranging in size from €1 million to more than €1 billion.[2]
AlpInvest also invests directly alongside some of the largest private equity investors through an active
co-investment program and will make mezzanine debt investments into companies owned by financial
sponsors.[33]

AlpInvest has offices in New York, Amsterdam, Hong Kong and London with over 70 investment
professionals and over 115 employees.

Carlyle in the Media
Documentaries
Carlyle has been profiled in two notable documentaries, Michael Moore's Fahrenheit 911 and William
Karel's The World According to Bush.

In the documentary film Fahrenheit 911, Michael Moore makes nine allegations concerning the Carlyle
Group, including: That the Bin Laden and Bush families were both connected to the Group; that
following the attacks on September 11, the bin Laden family’s investments in the Carlyle Group became
an embarrassment to the Carlyle Group and the family was forced to liquidate their assets with the firm;



that the Carlyle group was, in essence, the 11th largest defense contractor in the United States.[34] Moore
focused on Carlyle's connections with George H. W. Bush and his Secretary of State James A. Baker III,
both of whom had at times served as advisors to the firm.

A Carlyle spokesman noted in 2003 that its 7% interest in defense industries was far less than several
other Private equity firms.[35] Carlyle also has provided detail on its links with the Bin Laden family,
specifically the relatively minor investments by an estranged half brother.[36]

In his documentary The World According to Bush (May 2004), William Karel interviewed Frank
Carlucci to discuss the presence of Shafiq bin Laden, Osama bin Laden's estranged brother, at Carlyle's
annual investor conference while the September 11 attacks were occurring.[36][37]

Zeitgeist The Movie makes similar claims that The Carlyle Group may have played a part in 9/11.

Controversial Legislation
In February 2008, a US Senate bill was introduced that would increase the regulation of nursing homes
such as those run by HCR Manor Care which Carlyle purchased in December 2007.[38]

Also in February 2008, a bill was introduced in California that would have barred CalPERS from
investing money "with private-equity firms that are partly owned by countries with poor records on
human rights," which would include Carlyle because Mubadala Development is owned by part of the
United Arab Emirates. The California bill was later withdrawn.[39]

Notable current and former employees and advisors
Business
■ G. Allen Andreas - Chairman of the Archer Daniels Midland Company, Carlyle European
Advisory Board
■ Daniel Akerson - Board member at 7 companies, Managing director at Carlyle
■ Joaquin Avila - former managing director at Lehman Brothers, Managing director at Carlyle
■ Laurent Beaudoin - CEO of Bombardier (1979-), former member of Carlyle’s Canadian Advisory
board
■ Peter Cornelius - Managing Director of Nielsen Australia.
■ Paul Desmarais - Chairman of the Power Corporation of Canada, former member of Carlyle’s
Canadian Advisory board
■ David M. Moffett - CEO of Freddie Mac, Former Senior advisor to the Carlyle
■ Karl Otto Pöhl - former President of the Bundesbank, Former Senior advisor to the Carlyle Group
■ Olivier Sarkozy (half-brother of Nicolas Sarkozy, President of France) - co-head and managing
director of its recently launched global financial services division, since March 2008.[40]



Political figures

North America

■ James Baker III, former United States Secretary of State under George H. W. Bush, Staff member
under Ronald Reagan and George W. Bush, Carlyle Senior Counselor, served in this capacity
from 1993 to 2005.
■ George H. W. Bush, former U.S. President, Senior Advisor to the Carlyle Asia Advisory Board
from April 1998 to October 2003.
■ Frank C. Carlucci, former United States Secretary of Defense from 1987 to 1989; Carlyle
Chairman and Chairman Emeritus from 1989 to 2005.
■ Arthur Levitt, Chairman of the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) under President
Bill Clinton, Carlyle Senior Advisor from 2001 to the present
■ Luis Téllez Kuenzler, Mexican economist, former Secretary of Communications and
Transportation under the Felipe Calderón administration and former Secretary of Energy under the
Zedillo administration.
■ Frank McKenna, former Premier of New Brunswick, Canadian Ambassador to the United States
between 2005 and 2006 and current Deputy Chairman of Toronto-Dominion Bank; served on
Carlyle's Canadian advisory board.
■ Mack McLarty, Carlyle Group Senior Advisor (from 2003), White House Chief of Staff to
President Bill Clinton from 1993 to 1994.
■ Randal K. Quarles, former Under Secretary of the U.S. Treasury under President George W. Bush,
now a Carlyle managing director

Europe

■ John Major, former British Prime Minister, Chairman, Carlyle Europe from 2001–2004

Asia

■ Anand Panyarachun, former Prime Minister of Thailand (twice), former member of the Carlyle
Asia Advisory Board until the board was disbanded in 2004
■ Fidel V. Ramos, former president of the Philippines, Carlyle Asia Advisor Board Member until
the board was disbanded in 2004
■ Peter Chung, former associate at Carlyle Group Korea, who resigned in 2001 after 2 weeks on the
job after his infamous email scandal
■ Thaksin Shinawatra, former Prime Minister of Thailand (twice), former member of the Carlyle
Asia Advisory Board until 2001 when he resigned upon being elected Prime Minister.[41]

Media
■ Norman Pearlstine - editor-in-chief of Time magazine from (1995–2005), senior advisor
telecommunications and media group 2006-

See also
■ Carlyle Group companies (category)



References
1. ^ a b c d e Carlyle Group Form S-1 Registration Statement
(http://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1527166/000095012311082561/w83442sv1.htm#130) .
2. ^ a b c d Carlyle Group annual report (http://www.carlyle.com/Media%20Room/Annual%20Report%
20Files/2010%20Annual%20Report%20-%20English.pdf)
3. ^ "PEI 300" (http://www.peimedia.com/pei300) . Private Equity International. May 2011.
http://www.peimedia.com/pei300. Retrieved 25 May 2011.
4. ^ "PEI 50" (http://www.peimedia.com/resources/Conference/downloads/PEI50_Brochure_final.pdf) (PDF).
Private Equity International. May 2007. p. 2.
http://www.peimedia.com/resources/Conference/downloads/PEI50_Brochure_final.pdf. Retrieved 23 July
2010.
5. ^ David A. Vise, "Area Merchant Banking Firm Formed," Washington Post, Oct. 5, 1987, F33
6. ^ Paul Farhi, "Chi-Chi's Bid Won D.C. Investment Firm Wall Street's Attention," Washington Post, June 6,
1988, F1
7. ^ John Mintz, "Founder Going Beyond the Carlyle Group," Washington Post, Jan. 9, 1995, F9
8. ^ Thornton, Emily "Carlyle Changes Its Stripes
(http://www.businessweek.com/magazine/content/07_07/b4021001.htm) ," BusinessWeek, February 12,
2007
9. ^ a b Heath, Thomas. "Government of Abu Dhabi Buys Stake in
Carlyle." (http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2007/09/20/AR2007092000451.html)
Washington Post, September 21, 2007, page D01.
10. ^ [1] (http://www.ftconferenceslive.com/mmawardsUS/Page/96/)
11. ^ "NY Cuomo: Tainted deals included Carlyle
Group" (http://news.yahoo.com/s/nm/20090319/us_nm/us_newyorkstate_cuomo_1) Reuters, March 19, 2009
12. ^ Carlyle Pays $20 Million to Resolve Inquiry (http://dealbook.blogs.nytimes.com/2009/05/14/carlyle-to-pay
-20-million-to-resolve-cuomo-inquiry/) . New York Times, May 20, 2009
13. ^ McCarty, Dawn (2010-08-25). "Oriental Trading Co. Files for Bankruptcy in
Delaware" (http://www.bloomberg.com/news/2010-08-25/oriental-trading-co-files-for-bankruptcy-with-as-
much-as-1-billion-debt.html) . Bloomberg. http://www.bloomberg.com/news/2010-08-25/oriental-trading-co-
files-for-bankruptcy-with-as-much-as-1-billion-debt.html. Retrieved 2010-09-28.
14. ^ United Defense Industries. (http://www.globalsecurity.org/military/industry/udi.htm) GlobalSecurity.org,
July 31, 2005. Retrieved October 22, 2008.
15. ^ Peterson, Laura. Windfalls of War. United Defense Industries, L.P.
(http://projects.publicintegrity.org/wow/bio.aspx?act=pro&ddlC=60) Center for Public Integrity, October 31,
2003.
16. ^ The Carlyle Group: The Big Boys of Private Equity (http://defense-ventures.com/carlyle-group/) Defense
Ventures
17. ^ Carlyle Group website, healthcare portfolio, http://www.carlyle.com/Portfolio/item7490.html
18. ^ "The Carlyle Group to Acquire Synagro Technologies for $5.76 Per Share" 2007-01-29
(http://www.thecarlylegroup.com/eng/news/l5-news3696.html:)
19. ^ Reuters/Yahoo! News: "GM selling Allison for $5.6 billion," 2007-06-28
(http://news.yahoo.com/s/nm/20070628/bs_nm/gm_allison_dc_4;_ylt=AkwQPdUq52K03zZMJhbtWKIE1vA
20. ^ "Carlyle Group acquires Applus," 2007-07-28 (http://news.taume.com/World-Business/Business-
Finance/Carlyle-Group-acquires-Applus-2054)
21. ^ http://www.boozallen.com/news/39856120?o9002123=&lpid=66005
22. ^ http://www.metaldyne.com/metaldyne/sections/newsroom/documents/2009-10-16-Metaldyne-Press-
Release.pdf
23. ^ "Brintons carpets acquired in deal of about £40m" (http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-england-14779688) .
BBC News. September 4, 2011. http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-england-14779688.
24. ^ http://investor.ppdi.com/releasedetail.cfm?ReleaseID=610217
25. ^ Carlyle Capital Corporation Intends to File for Compulsory Winding up in Guernsey
(http://www.tradingmarkets.com/.site/news/Stock%20News/1206673/)
26. ^ Carlyle Capital in default, on brink of collapse - Reuters
(http://www.reuters.com/article/bankingFinancial/idUSL1350338420080313)



27. ^ Washington Post "Carlyle Group Holding 'Crisis' Talks in N.Y.," 03-10-08
(http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2008/03/10/AR2008031001016.html?
hpid=moreheadlines)
28. ^ 'Fed Hopes to Ease Strain on Economic Activity' 03-11-08
(http://www.nytimes.com/2008/03/12/business/12fed.html?pagewanted=1&hp)
29. ^ "Hedge fund on verge of collapse" (http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/business/7293663.stm) . BBC News Online.
13 March 2008. http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/business/7293663.stm.
30. ^ Companies Law of Guernsey (1994 (http://www.tridenttrust.com/PDFs/company.pdf) )
31. ^ "Carlyle Capital Corporation Intends To File For Compulsory Winding Up In Guernsey" Carlyle Capital
Corporation New Release, March 16, 2008 (http://www.carlylecapitalcorp.com/News/Press%
20Releases/2007/item10306.html)
32. ^ Jessica Hall, Dane Hamilton (March 14, 2008). "CCC's Woes Seen as Small Blemish for Carlyle
Group" (http://www.reuters.com/article/bankingFinancial/idUSN1361636620080314?sp=true) . Reuters.
http://www.reuters.com/article/bankingFinancial/idUSN1361636620080314?sp=true.
33. ^ LPs Seeking Co-investment Opportunities in Emerging Markets (Emerging Markets Private Equity,
Quarterly Review Q4 2006) (http://www.abraaj.com/mediacenter/Files/AbraajFILE_14-1-2007_00-33-
26_0EMPE_QuarterlyReview_Vol2_Issue4.pdf) . Page 13.
34. ^ Moore, Michael "Factual Back-Up for Fahrenheit 9/11: Section
Four" (http://www.michaelmoore.com/warroom/f911notes/index.php?id=19) michaelmoore.com
35. ^ Doward, Jamie (2003-05-23). "'Ex-presidents club' gets fat on conflict". The Observer.
36. ^ a b Glassman, James K. "Big Deals. David Rubenstein and His Partners Have Made Billions With the
Carlyle Group, the World’s Hottest Private Equity Firm. How Have They Made All That Money? Why Are
They in Washington?" (http://www.carlyle.com/Media%20Room/Fact%20Sheet%20Files/item9959.pdf)
Washingtonian, June 2006.
37. ^ The Carlyle Group (http://www.economist.com/printedition/displayStory.cfm?Story_ID=1875084) .
Economist, Jun 26th 2003
38. ^ Heath, Thomas. "Pair of Proposals Take Aim at Carlyle Group." (http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-
dyn/content/article/2008/02/14/AR2008021403573.html) Washington Post, February 15, 2008.
39. ^ Kasler, Dale. "Bill limiting CalPERS, CalSTRS investments
withdrawn." (http://www.sacbee.com/103/story/849713.html) Sacramento Bee, April 9, 2008.
40. ^ Nick Clarck, Carlyle poaches Olivier Sarkozy (http://www.independent.co.uk/news/business/news/carlyle-
poaches-olivier-sarkozy-790939.html) , The Independent, 4 March 2008 (English)
41. ^ [2] (http://thanong.tripod.com/03072001.htm)

Further reading
■ James K. Glassman, "Big Deals (http://carlyle.com/eng/news/l3-presskit591.html) ,"
Washingtonian Magazine, June 2006
■ Geoffrey Colvin & Ram Charan, "Private Lives
(http://money.cnn.com/magazines/fortune/fortune_archive/2006/11/27/8394344/?
postversion=2006112713) ," Fortune Magazine, November 27, 2006
■ Private Equity Firms (http://www.privateequityfirms.com) , Directory of Private Equity Firms
■ Emily Thornton, "Carlyle Changes Its Stripes
(http://www.businessweek.com/magazine/toc/07_07/B4021magazine.htm) ," BusinessWeek,
February 12, 2007
■ Dan Briody, The Iron Triangle: Inside the Secret World of the Carlyle Group, John Wiley &
Sons, 2003, ISBN 0-471-28108-5.
■ Bin Laden Family Liquidates Holdings With Carlyle Group
(http://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=9400E5DD1031F935A15753C1A9679C8B63) .
New York Times: October 26, 2001.
■ Bin Laden Family Could Profit From a Jump In Defense Spending Due to Ties to U.S. Bank
(http://web.archive.org/web/20010927113410/http://interactive.wsj.com/articles/SB100154634860
Wall Street Journal: September 27, 2001.



External links
■ The Carlyle Group (http://carlyle.com/) (company website)


Caryle group (wikipedia)

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