The document provides a detailed history of African Americans from 1619 to 2008. It covers major events and developments such as the first slaves brought to America in 1619, the Civil War and Emancipation Proclamation in the 1860s, and Barack Obama becoming the first African American president in 2008. It also includes sections on demographics, education statistics, religion, cultural influences, and traditions like Kwanzaa. In over 20 sections, the document presents a comprehensive overview of the people, events, challenges, and accomplishments within the African American community throughout American history.
2. History
1619 - The first African slaves were bought over
the Atlantic.
1773 - Phyllis Wheatley publishes her first
collection.
1808 - U.S. bans the import of slaves. Domestic
sales still legal.
1831 - Nat Turner rebellion
1839 - Amistad slave ship rebellion
1850 - The underground Railroad reaches its peak
1857 - Dred Scott decision
1861 - Civi War begins
1863 - Emancipation Proclemation was signed.
1865 - Civil War ended, Lincoln as assassinated.
3. History
1857 - Dred Scott decision
1861 - Civi War begins
1863 - Emancipation Proclemation was signed.
1865 - Civil War ended, Lincoln as assassinated.
1868 - 14th Amendment passes.
1870 - 15th Amendment passes.
1881 - Tuskegee Institute, a teaching college, is
founded.
1896 – Plessy VS Ferguson decision.
1909 - The National Association for the Advancement of
Colored People, NAACP, founded by W.E.B. DuBois and
others.
4. History
1919 - The Harlem Renaissance begins and lasts til around
the 1930’s.
1932 - A series of medical travesties called the Tuskegee
Experiments.
1954 - Brown VS Board of Education. A landmark court case
1955 - Rosa Parks arrested and bus boycotts begin.
1963 - March on Washington, Martin Luther King’s ―I Have a
Dream‖ speech
1965 - Malcolm X is assassinated.
March 7, 1965 - ―Bloody Sunday‖
1965 - Executive Order 11246.
1967 - Thurgood Marshall is appointed to the Supreme Court.
1968 - Martin Luther King, jr. is assassinated.
5. History
1980 - Robert L. Johnson becomes the first black
billionaire.
1986 - Oprah becomes nationally syndicated.
1989 - General Colin Powell is appointed chairman of
the Joint Chiefs of Staff
1993 - Toni Morrison is awarded the Nobel Prize
1995 - Louis Farrakhan organized the million man
march.
2001 - Colin Powell appointed Secretary of State
2006 - Coretta Scott King dies
2008 - Barak Obama becomes the 44th President of the
U.S.
6. Demographics
12% of US population
◦ 55% live in South
◦ 20% live in Midwest
◦ 20% live in Northeast
◦ 10% live in West
African Americans > 25% of population
◦ Louisiana, South Carolina, Mississippi,
Georgia, Maryland, and Alabama
20. Values, Beliefs and Life
Ways
• Strong kinship bonds
• Strong work orientation
• Strong religious orientation
• Adaptable family roles
• Use informal support network –
church or community
21. Distrust of government & social services
Most are assimilated to the Anglo-
American culture
Take care of their own
Strong sense of pride
Seniors are highly respected
Tend to keep things hidden within the
family system
22. Core Values
Sharing
Expressing personal style
Being real and genuine
Being assertive
Expressing feelings
Bouncing back
Distrust mainstream establishment
23. Stereotypes
African Americans are more violent than
others
African Americans are less intelligent than
others
African Americans are lazy & irresponsible
They blame everyone else for their
problems
Many African Americans are resentful
troublemakers
25. ―Adversity breeds
resourcefulness‖
―Sure enough, patience turns out to be a key
element in soul cooking. Certainly, it and
creativity were required to transform
whatever ingredients the first African-
Americans could scrape together into some
semblance of dinner. Arriving in this land with
little but the traditions they carried in their
hearts and minds—fishing, gardening,
foraging, and open-fire cooking among
them—they invented a vibrant cuisine. "Their
food was a way of surviving with dignity in a
very oppressive situation," said Professor
Opie.‖
27. Musical Influences in America
Instruments, such as the banjo, were brought in and took root in
American culture.
Chants and spirituals were commonly heard on plantations.
This emphasis on beat and rhythm was incorporated into later
genres, like:
Jazz, Different style
Blues
50’s Rock
Motown
Modern Rock
Golden age of rap
90’s
00’s
Today
34. Kwanzaa
Kwanzaa was created by Dr. Maulana
Karenga, professor of Africana Studies at
California State University in 1966.
◦ Kwanza means ―first fruits‖ in Swahili.
38. Kwanzaa
Collective Work and
Responsibility: Ujima (oo-GEE-
mah)
◦ To build and maintain our community
together and make our brother’s and
sister’s problems our problems and
solve them together.
39. Kwanzaa
Cooperative Economics: Ujamaa
(oo-JAH-mah)
◦ To build and maintain our own
stores, shops, and other businesses
and to profit from them together.
40. Kwanzaa
Purpose: Nia (nee-YAH)
◦ To make our collective vocation the
building and developing of our
community in order to restore our
people to their traditional greatness.
41. Kwanzaa
Creativity: Kuumba (koo-OOM-
bah)
◦ To do always as much as we can, in
the way we can, in order to leave our
community more beautiful and
beneficial than we inherited it.
42. Kwanzaa
Faith: Imani (ee-Mah-nee)
◦ To believe with all our heart in our
people, our parents, our teachers,
our leaders, and the righteousness
and victory of our struggle.