1. Communication Skills
Week 2
Process of Communication
Components of communication
Areas of communication
By
WARDAH AZHAR

2. Process of Communication

4. Components of Communication
• Context
• Sender
• Message
• Medium
• Receiver
• Response

5. Components of Communication
• Context - Communication is affected • Sender / Encoder - Sender / Encoder
by the context in which it takes place. is a person who sends the message. A
This context may be sender makes use of symbols (words
physical, social, chronological or or graphic or visual aids) to convey
cultural. Every communication the message and produce the
proceeds with context. The sender required response. For instance - a
chooses the message to training manager conducting training
communicate within a context. for new batch of employees. Sender
may be an individual or a group or an
organization. The
views, background, approach, skills, c
ompetencies, and knowledge of the
sender have a great impact on the
message. The verbal and non verbal
symbols chosen are essential in
ascertaining interpretation of the
message by the recipient in the same
terms as intended by the sender.

6. Components of Communication
•
• Message - Message is a key Medium - Medium is a means used to
exchange / transmit the message. The
idea that the sender wants to sender must choose an appropriate
medium for transmitting the message else
communicate. It is a sign that
the message might not be conveyed to
elicits the response of the desired recipients. The choice of
recipient. Communication appropriate medium of communication is
essential for making the message effective
process begins with deciding and correctly interpreted by the recipient.
about the message to be This choice of communication medium
conveyed. It must be ensured varies depending upon the features of
communication. For instance - Written
that the main objective of the medium is chosen when a message has to
message is clear be conveyed to a small group of people,
while an oral medium is chosen when
spontaneous feedback is required from
the recipient as misunderstandings are
cleared then and there.

7. Components of Communication
• Recipient / Decoder - • Response (Feedback )-
Recipient / Decoder is a Feedback is the main
person for whom the message component of communication
is intended / aimed / targeted. process as it permits the
The degree to which the sender to analyze the efficacy
decoder understands the of the message. It helps the
message is dependent upon sender in confirming the
various factors such as correct interpretation of
knowledge of recipient, their message by the decoder.
responsiveness to the Feedback may be verbal
message, and the reliance of (through words) or non-verbal
encoder on decoder. (in form of smiles, sighs, etc.).
It may take written form also
in form of
memos, reports, etc.

8. Areas of Human Communication
VERBAL NON-VERBAL
• Verbal • Non
communication includes verbal communication inclu
rate, volume, pitch as well des those important but
as articulation and unspoken signals that
pronunciation. Verbal individuals
communication also exhibit, specifically :
includes sign language and carriage/posture, appearanc
written forms of e, listening, eye
communication contact, hand gestures and
facial expressions

9. Verbal Communication
• The basis of communication is the interaction between
people. Verbal communication is one way for people
to communicate face-to-face. Some of the key
components of verbal communication are
sound, words, speaking, and language.
• Verbal communication is communication that uses
words, either written or spoken. This is in contrast to
non-verbal communication, such as body language.
"Verbal" is sometimes used colloquially in the sense of
"spoken", but it is better to use "oral" in that
context, to avoid ambiguity

10. Non- Verbal Communication
• “nonverbal communication involves those nonverbal stimuli in a communication setting that are generated by
both the source [speaker] and his or her use of the environment and that have potential message value for the
source or receiver [listener]. Basically it is sending and receiving message in a variety of ways without the use of
verbal codes (words). It is both intentional and unintentional. Most speakers / listeners are not conscious of
this. It includes — but is not limited to:
– touch
– glance
– eye contact (gaze)
– volume
– vocal nuance
– proximity
– gestures
– facial expression ? pause (silence)
– intonation
– dress
– posture
– smell
– word choice and syntax
– sounds (paralanguage)
• Broadly speaking, there are two basic categories of non-verbal language:
nonverbal messages produced by the body;
nonverbal messages produced by the broad setting (time, space, silence)

11. Example
• A very good example is: A man comes home late, hears
from the kitchen the slamming of pots and pans and
cupboard doors. He enters the kitchen, asks his wife
"What's wrong, honey?" She answers, "Nothing!" as
she slams another cupboard door and rolls her eyes
toward the ceiling.
• She has spoken the word "Nothing", but it is her
unspoken communication that tells him that "nothing"
is not the real answer. It is clearly communicated by
her actions.
• A truly effective communicator will train him or herself
in nonverbal communication as well as verbal and oral.