Kenya. Mt. Kenya East Pilot Project for Natural Resources Management (Upper Tana Catchment)

INTERNATIONAL UN-WATER CONFERENCE-ZARAGOZA,SPAIN • 8TH TO 10TH JAN.2013• PRESENTATION BY: FAITH MUTHONI LIVINGSTONE- KENYA.• Case of Mt. Kenya East Pilot Project for NaturalResources Management ( Upper Tana Catchment). International Annual UN-Water Conference 1 ;Zaragoza,Spain

Country water contextA sustainable, secured water supply is the foundation for any human development. In Kenyan constitution, “everyone is entitled to clean and safe environment”- of which water is included. Kenya is water scarce.Land size is 582,646Km2 of which 11,230 KM2 (1.9%) is water and water per capita is 500m3. There is rapid deterioration of environment in Kenya’s five water towers due to human activity(deforestation, Soil erosion and encroachment into fragile ecosysthems). International Annual UN-Water Conference 2 ;Zaragoza,Spain

INSTITUTIONS UNDER WATER ACT 2002 1.MOWI(Policy level) 2.Water Service Trust Fund(Funding) 3.Water Management & Water Services (WARMA;WSRB- Regulatory bodies) Catchment Area Advisory Committees-CAACs and Service Providers(Service ) Water Resources Users Associations (WRUAs );Users and Consumers. NB: Before Water Act 2002,the ministry was responsible for all: policy, management, service and regulation. International Annual UN-Water Conference 3 ;Zaragoza,Spain

THE SIX WATER CATCHMENTSRift ValleyLake victoria N Rift ValleyLake victoria S Ewaso Ngioro Lake VictoriaEwaso Nyiro North Lake Victoria SouthTana TanaAthi Athi International Annual UN-Water Conference 4 ;Zaragoza,Spain

TANA BASIN• The Tana basin covers an area of 126,026 km2 = 22% of Kenya’s area;• The basin has 34% of Kenyan surface water, and 24% of Kenyan groundwater• Tana River is the biggest and longest in Kenya, with a length of 1,012 km;• 70% of Kenya’s electricity requirements are produced from Tana (Hydro);• 80% of Nairobi city fresh water comes from Tana Basin (Ndakaini and Sasumua Dams). International Annual UN-Water Conference 5 ;Zaragoza,Spain

Key Actors• Public sector institutions (govt depts;state authorities; CAACs;WUAs;WSTF;WAB• Interested parties ( settlers, institutions, environmentalists)• Polluters( coffee factories, municipalities, industries, sand harvesters etc)• Lead and Enforcement Agencies (WARMA;NEMA;WRUAs;Judiciary;Public Health,Provincial Admin) International Annual UN-Water Conference 6 ;Zaragoza,Spain

Community level management Institution-WRUA• This is an association of water users, riparian land owners, or other stakeholders who have formally and voluntarily associated for the purposes of cooperatively sharing, managing and conserving a common water resource.• Purpose:To• Promote controlled and legal water use activities;• Promote good management practices to make efficient and sustainable use of the water resource;• Spearhead water conservation practices to ensure sufficient water reserves that meet the demands of the environment, the wildlife, the livestock and all the communities who rely on the water resource;• Work towards reducing conflict in use of the water resource and participate in solving those that arise; and• Promote catchment conservation measures to improve water quantities and quality. International Annual UN-Water Conference 7 ;Zaragoza,Spain

Instruments for Cooperation• Legislative Frameworks – EMCA 1999 – Water Act 2002 – Forest Act Act 2005 – Land Policy 2009 – Constitution 2010  Incentives for cooperation  Human rights and legal obligations  Equity and sustainable access  Information exchange and joint monitoring and assessment International Annual UN-Water Conference 8 ;Zaragoza,Spain

Financing cooperation• Water Service Trust Fund(Pool)• Donors• Government Departments• Companies (KENGEN;NWC)• Community International Annual UN-Water Conference 9 ;Zaragoza,Spain

Achievements of cooperation• Formation and capacity building of WRUAs;• Legalization of WRUAs;• Institutionalization of Planning process through participatory preparation of Catchment (and sub- catchment) Mgt Plans;• Cooperation between farmers, regulators, policy, and financiers;• Development of water sources (surface and sub- surface);• Improved equity, access, control, efficiency and sustainability of interventions. International Annual UN-Water Conference 10 ;Zaragoza,Spain

Barriers to cooperation• Community perceptions regarding water-a free gift of nature;• Inadequate data/information to support decision making;• Multiplicity of laws and Weak enforcement• Low community capacity (skills) compared to new roles and responsibilities. International Annual UN-Water Conference 11 ;Zaragoza,Spain

Key Challenges• Financial limitations( WSTF is dependent on donor support);• Inadequate statistical data/information for decision making;• Technological limitations (e.g. in water extraction, distribution, application,;)• Poverty/Environment nexus• Customs/believes e.g bush-burning; low women and youth access to/control of land;• Inadequate Land laws & weak enforcement• Climate change (global warming, droughts and floods) International Annual UN-Water Conference 12 ;Zaragoza,Spain

LESSONS LEARNT• Participation of key actors is crucial• Data/information is crucial for decision making• Gender Equity central for sustainability;• Accountability is central;• Capacity building essential;• Participation of both upstream and down stream (land mgt and water users) key;• Replicability of the pilot initiative to other basins. International Annual UN-Water Conference 13 ;Zaragoza,Spain

SOME PICTORIAL-MKEPP NRM International Annual UN-Water Conference 14 ;Zaragoza,Spain

Rain water harvesting International Annual UN-Water Conference 15 ;Zaragoza,Spain

Soil and Water conservation International Annual UN-Water Conference 16 ;Zaragoza,Spain

Human/Wildlife conflict International Annual UN-Water Conference 17 ;Zaragoza,Spain

Ground water development to augment surface water International Annual UN-Water Conference 18 ;Zaragoza,Spain

Water Quality Monitoring International Annual UN-Water Conference 19 ;Zaragoza,Spain

THANK YOU FOR LISTENING International Annual UN-Water Conference 20 ;Zaragoza,Spain

Kenya. Mt. Kenya East Pilot Project for Natural Resources Management (Upper Tana Catchment)

de United Nations Office to Support the International Decade for Action 'Water for Life' 2005-2015 el 25 de enero, 2013

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