1. Chapter 1
Introduction to Approaches and
Methods

2. Approaches to Behavior and Classroom Management Chapter 1: Introduction to Approaches and Methods
Overview
 Defining approaches
 Categorizing approaches
 Types of methods
 Choosing methods

3. Approaches to Behavior and Classroom Management Chapter 1: Introduction to Approaches and Methods
Approaches
 Approaches are defined by:
 Meanings given to core concepts
 Values and value hierarchies
 Assumptions about what is needed to manage
behavior and classrooms effectively

4. Approaches to Behavior and Classroom Management Chapter 1: Introduction to Approaches and Methods
Approaches (cont.)
 Approaches can be categorized by:
1. How much and what type of control a teacher has
over students
2. Which components are emphasized
3. Theories of change
4. Culture

5. Approaches to Behavior and Classroom Management Chapter 1: Introduction to Approaches and Methods
Baumrind’s Categories of Parenting
Styles
 Authoritarian
 Authoritative
 Permissive

6. Approaches to Behavior and Classroom Management Chapter 1: Introduction to Approaches and Methods
Control Continuum of Teaching Types
 Relationship-listening
 Confronting-contracting
 Rules-consequences

7. Approaches to Behavior and Classroom Management Chapter 1: Introduction to Approaches and Methods
Control Continuum

8. Approaches to Behavior and Classroom Management Chapter 1: Introduction to Approaches and Methods
Central Components of Behavior
Management
 The basic concepts of any developed approach to
behavior and classroom management include:
 Relationship building
 Learning (teaching for learning)
 Development (supporting development)
 Organization

9. Approaches to Behavior and Classroom Management Chapter 1: Introduction to Approaches and Methods
Central Components of Behavior
Management (cont.)

10. Approaches to Behavior and Classroom Management Chapter 1: Introduction to Approaches and Methods
Theories of Change
 Behavioral-learning
 Psychodynamic
 Cognitive-constructivist
 Ecological
 Interpersonal systems
 Organic (biological)
 Cultural approaches are
different mixes of the
first three ways
mentioned for typing
approaches
 Will be discussed at
length at a later point in
the semester

11. Approaches to Behavior and Classroom Management Chapter 1: Introduction to Approaches and Methods
Methods
 Important to note:
 Any single method can fit comfortably within almost
any approach
 The meaning any method has depends on the
educator’s approach
 Approaches are defined, in part, by which methods
are featured

12. Approaches to Behavior and Classroom Management Chapter 1: Introduction to Approaches and Methods
Types of Methods
 Control methods
 Examples: Directives (desists), rewards, time-outs
 Guidance methods
 Examples: Stimulating discussion, suggesting alternatives,
negotiating conflict
 Prevention methods
 Examples: Routines for transitions, organized lesson plans,
organized schedules

13. Approaches to Behavior and Classroom Management Chapter 1: Introduction to Approaches and Methods
How Methods Relate to Approaches
 Professionals are mindful that their methods derive
from their approaches
 Have more control over choosing the right methods
—because they can keep in mind the big picture
while attending to details of the moment
 Can change approaches if the situation calls for
change

14. Approaches to Behavior and Classroom Management Chapter 1: Introduction to Approaches and Methods
Choosing Methods
 Matching methods to children and circumstances
 Adopting different points of entry
 Managing dilemmas:
 Short-term vs. long-term needs
 Needs of the individual vs. needs of the group

15. Approaches to Behavior and Classroom Management Chapter 1: Introduction to Approaches and Methods
Reflection Questions
 Take a moment to reflect upon your own “natural
approach.” Think about the meanings, values and
assumptions that you bring into your own work with
children and adolescents. How does your natural
approach effect how you are as a teacher?