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8th Int. Conference on Parallel Processing and Applied Mathematics
                 Wroclaw, Poland, Sep 13 – 16, 2009



             e-Infrastructures
         for Science and Industry
              -Clusters, Grids, and Clouds –

            Wolfgang Gentzsch, The DEISA Project and OGF
HPC Centers
•   They are service providers, for past 40 years
•   For research, education, and industry
•   Computing, storage, apps, data, services
•   Very professional
•   to end-users, they look (almost) like Clouds




        PPAM, Wroclaw, Sept 2009   Wolfgang Gentzsch   2
                                                           RI-222919
Grids

1998: The Grid: Blueprint for a
New Computing Infrastructure
                                         Ian Foster, Carl Kesselman




2002: The Anatomy of the Grid
                            Ian Foster, Carl Kesselman, Steve Tuecke




 PPAM, Wroclaw, Sept 2009                  Wolfgang Gentzsch           3
                                                                           RI-222919
Grids (Sun in 2001)


                           Clouds


Departmental             Enterprise     Global
   Grids                   Grids        Grids


    PPAM, Wroclaw, Sept 2009          Wolfgang Gentzsch   4
                                                              RI-222919
Public Clouds    • and
•   IaaS, PaaS, SaaS
•   Access • Outside corporate data center • we
•   Elasticity             Clouds
            • Access over the Internet
            • Virtual (Vmware, Xen,...)
                                             • have
                                             • all
•   Abstraction
            • Abstraction of the hardware
•   Public, •private, hybrid PaaS, IaaS,the
              Service oriented: SaaS,        • HaaS
            • Variable cost of services (QoS)
•   Capex => Opex                            • components
            • Pay-per-use IT services
•   Pay-per-use up/down
            • Scaling                        • available
•   Scaling                                  • today

            PPAM, Wroclaw, Sept 2009        Wolfgang Gentzsch   5
                                                                    RI-222919
Benefits of moving HPC to Grids
•   Closer collaboration with your colleagues (VCs)
•   More resources allow faster/more processing
•   Different architectures serve more users
•   Failover: move jobs to another system

                . . . and Clouds
•   No upfront cost for additional resources
•   CapEx => OpEx, pay-per-use
•   Elasticity, scaling up and down
•   Hybrid solution (private and public cloud)

        PPAM, Wroclaw, Sept 2009   Wolfgang Gentzsch   6
                                                           RI-222919
The Cloud of Cloud Companies
                          • Akamai
    • Amazon              • Areti Internet
    • Google              • Enki
    • Sun                 • Fortress ITX
    • Salesforce          • Joyent
    • Microsoft           • Layered Technologies
    • IBM                 • Rackspace
    • Oracle              • Terremark
    • EMC                 • Xcalibre
    • Cloudera            • Manjrasoft / Aneka
    • Cloudsoft           • GridwiseTech / Momentum
                          • NICE/EnginFrame

     PPAM, Wroclaw, Sept 2009                    Wolfgang Gentzsch   7
                                                                         RI-222919
NICE EnginFrame
   Cluster/Grid/Cloud Portal
Remote, interactive, transparent, secure access to apps & data
     on corporate Intranet or Internet, or in the Cloud.


              Users

                                                                                       Virtualized

                                          Standard protocols
                                          Standard protocols
                                                                                   Data Center Clusters


          Administrators
                           Win       LX
                                                                                                  Batch
                                                                                                Applications
                           Mac       UX                                            Licenses

             Users         Intranet Clients


                                                               Cloud Portal                      Interactive
                                                                                                Applications
                                                                / Gateway

          Administrators

                                                                                   Virtualized Storage




          PPAM, Wroclaw, Sept 2009                                            Wolfgang Gentzsch                8
                                                                                                                   RI-222919
A Scalable Data Cloud Infrastructure




  Example:
  GridwiseTech
  Momentum



         PPAM, Wroclaw, Sept 2009   Wolfgang Gentzsch   9
                                                            RI-222919
ANEKA Cloud Platform
SaaS   Cloud applications
       Social computing, Enterprise, ISV, Scientific, CDNs, ...




                                                                                           Aneka Cloud Platform
       Cloud Programming Models & SDK

          Task        Thread      Map Reduce            Workflow         Third Party
          Model        Model        Model                Model            Models

       Core Cloud Services

PaaS       SLA            QoS
                                        Pricing            Billing         Metering
        Management      Negotiation

            Job         Execution                         Admission          Data
                                       Monitoring
         Scheduling    Management                          Control          Storage

           VM             VM            Virtual Machines
        Management     Deployment
                                         Windows         Mac with Mono   Linux with Mono
                                                              Amazon
               Private Cloud                Microsoft                     Google
                                                              Sun

IaaS
                                                                                                                  Courtesy:
                                                                                                                  Manjrasoft
              LAN network                                 Data Center

       PPAM, Wroclaw, Sept 2009                                      Wolfgang Gentzsch                                         10
                                                                                                                                    RI-222919
PPAM, Wroclaw, Sept 2009   Wolfgang Gentzsch   11
                                                    RI-222919
PPAM, Wroclaw, Sept 2009        Courtesy:
                           Wolfgang Gentzsch   Werner12
                                                      Vogels
                                                         RI-222919
4000

                Animoto EC2 image usage




  0
      Day 1                                                  Day 8
              PPAM, Wroclaw, Sept 2009   Wolfgang Gentzsch   13
                                                                  RI-222919
‚My‘ current project:



       DEISA: Grid or Cloud ?
Distributed European Infrastructure for Supercomputing Applications



Ecosystem for HPC Grand-Challenge Applications
DEISA HPC Centers




    DEISA1: May 1st, 2004 – April 30th, 2008
    DEISA2: May 1st, 2008 – April 30th, 2011
            PPAM, Wroclaw, Sept 2009           Wolfgang Gentzsch   15
                                                                        RI-222919
DEISA UNICORE Infrastructure
                                                                             Gateway
          CINECA user                                     Gateway             IDRIS                       Gateway
                                        Gateway             FZJ                                            HLRS              Gateway                         job
   job                                  ECMWF                                                                                 HPCX
                     Gateway                                                                                                              Gateway
                      CSC                                                                                                                   LRZ
                                                                            NJS
          Gateway                                                       IDRIS IBM P6                                                                                        LRZ user
                                                                                                                                                           Gateway
          CINECA                                   NJS                                                               NJS
                                                                                                                                                            RZG
                                                  FZJ IBM                                                        HLRS NEC SX8
                                                                            IDB      UUDB
Gateway                                                                                                                                                                   Gateway
 BSC                                          IDB         UUDB                                                    IDB      UUDB                                            SARA
                        NJS
                     ECMWF IBM P5
                                                                                                                                              NJS
                                                                     AIX
                                                                    LL-MC                                                                 HPCX Cray XT4
                         IDB     UUDB
                                                                                                                  Super-UX
                                              AIX                                                                  NQS II                     IDB     UUDB
                                             LL-MC                                                    P
                                                                                                 FT
                                                                                          G   rid
                               AIX
                               LL
                                                                                                                                  UNICOS/lc
     NJS                                                                                                                           PBS Pro
                                                                                                                                                                   NJS
 CSC Cray XT4/5
                                                                                                                                                               LRZ SGI ALTIX

  IDB      UUDB      UNICOS/lc
                      PBS Pro                                                                                                                                      IDB     UUDB
                                                                                                                                                 LINUX
                                                                                                                                                PBS Pro

             NJS
         CINECA IBM P5
                                AIX
                               LL-MC
                                                                                                                    AIX
          IDB     UUDB                                                                                             LL-MC
                                              LINUX                               LINUX                                                   NJS
                                             Maui/Slurm                             LL                                                   RZG IBM

                                                         NJS                                NJS                                         IDB         UUDB
                                                     BSC IBM PPC                          SARA IBM

                               PPAM, Wroclaw, Sept 2009
                                               IDB   UUDB                                 IDB             UUDB          Wolfgang Gentzsch                            16
                                                                                                                                                                             RI-222919
Categories of DEISA services

                                       Operations




                                                          re
                                 t




                                                             qu
                               or




                                                                es
                     pp

                            ct




                                                                 of


                                                                  ts
                   su

                          du




                                                                   fer


                                                                     co
                  s

                        ro




                                                                      ss
                st




                                                                        nf
                      sp
              ue




                                                                          er

                                                                          ig
                        r
               q




                                                                             ur
                                                                             vic
                     fe
            re




                                                                                ati
                   of




                                                                                 e


                                                                                  n o
                                     requests development
   Technologies                                                          Applications
                                      offers technology




    PPAM, Wroclaw, Sept 2009                                        Wolfgang Gentzsch   17
                                                                                             RI-222919
DEISA Service Layers
 Multiple                               Common                Presen-
                   Workflow
 ways to                               production              tation
                  managemnt
 access                                environmnt               layer


                                            Co-
   Single                                                   Job manag.
                      Job              reservation
  monitor                                                    layer and
                   rerouting             and co-
  system                                                      monitor.
                                        allocation


                      Data                 WAN                 Data
Data staging
                    transfer              shared              manag.
   tools
                      tools            File system             layer


                                                             Network
  Unified           DEISA               Network                and
   AAA              Sites              connectivity            AAA
                                                              layers

            PPAM, Wroclaw, Sept 2009                  Wolfgang Gentzsch   18
                                                                               RI-222919
DEISA Global File System
                                                        IBM P6 & BlueGene/P
                                IBM P6 & BlueGene/P                                         NEC SX8


                                                      AIX, Linux
                                                       LL-MC
                                                                                            Super-UX
                                AIX, Linux                                                   NQS II
                                 LL-MC                                               P
                                                                                FT
     IBM P6
                                                                           G rid                                       Cray XT4
                       AIX
                       LL
                                                                                                           UNICOS/lc
                                                                                                            PBS Pro




Cray XT4/5       UNICOS/lc
                  PBS Pro                                                                                                         SGI ALTIX
                                                                                                                         LINUX
                                                                                                                        PBS Pro

                         AIX
                        LL-MC
             IBM P5                                                                          AIX, Linux
                                                                                              LL-MC
                                 LINUX                             LINUX
                                Maui/Slurm                           LL      IBM P5+ / P6              IBM P6 & BlueGene/P
                                             IBM PPC




        Global transparent file system based on the Multi-Cluster General Parallel File System
                                         (MC-GPFS of IBM)
             PPAM, Wroclaw, Sept 2009                                            Wolfgang Gentzsch                           19
                                                                                                                                    RI-222919
User management in DEISA
• A dedicated LDAP-based distributed repository
  administers DEISA users
• Trusted LDAP servers are authorized to access each
  other (based on X.509 certificates) and encrypted
  communication is used to maintain confidentiality

                               SARA




                                                                                SARA
   BSC      CINECA    CSC    ECMWF    EPCC   FZJ   HLRS   IDRIS   LRZ     RZG


         PPAM, Wroclaw, Sept 2009                         Wolfgang Gentzsch        20
                                                                                        RI-222919
DEISA: Grid or Cloud ?
• Built on top of proven, professional infrastructure of HPC
  centers with expertise in implementation, operation, services.
• Ecosystem of resources, middleware, applications is respecting
  administrative, cultural and political autonomy of partners.
• Globalizing existing HPC services - from local to global -
  according to user requirements: revolution by evolution.
• User support: user-friendly access to resources, porting user
  apps onto turnkey architecture.
• After EU funding, DEISA HPC ecosystem will operate in a
  sustainable way, in the interest of the ‘global scientist’, as...

             ... almost an HPC Cloud !

              PPAM, Wroclaw, Sept 2009        Wolfgang Gentzsch   21
                                                                       RI-222919
There are still many
   Challenges with Clouds


Sustainable                             TECHNICAL
Competitive
Advantage



                             CULTURAL




                 LEGAL &
               REGULATORY


  PPAM, Wroclaw, Sept 2009          Wolfgang Gentzsch   22
                                                             RI-222919
Challenges, Potential Cloud Inhibitors

 • Not all applications are cloud-ready or cloud-enabled
 • Interoperability of clouds (standards ?)
 • Sensitive data, sensitive applications (med.patient records)
 • Different organizations have different ROI
 • Security: end-to-end from your resources to the cloud !
 • Current IT culture is not predisposed to sharing resources
 • “Static” licensing model doesn’t embrace cloud
 • Protection of intellectual property
 • Legal issues (FDA, HIPAA)

        PPAM, Wroclaw, Sept 2009         Wolfgang Gentzsch   23
                                                                  RI-222919
A Cloud Checklist for HPC
When is your HPC app ready for the Cloud ?
... no issues with licenses, IP, secrecy, privacy, sensitive
data and big data movement, legal or regulatory issues,
trust, . . .
...your app is architecture independent, not optimized for
specific architecture (single process, loosely-coupled low-
level parallel, I/O-robust)
...it’s just one app and zillions of parameters
...latency and bandwidth are not an issue

  Ideally, your meta-scheduler knows your
requirements and schedules automatically ☺
       PPAM, Wroclaw, Sept 2009          Wolfgang Gentzsch     24
                                                                    RI-222919
Hybrid Grid/Cloud
          Resource Management
                                                            Project C
        Define policies according to
        priorities, budget, and time
                                                 User 1             Team B
       Department 4
                            Department 3
                                                              Contractor X
                                               User 2
                                Department 2           Project A
External Cloud
    Resources              Department 1

                                        Department resource access
Campus wide resource demand
           PPAM, Wroclaw, Sept 2009             Wolfgang Gentzsch       25
                                                                             RI-222919
Ed Walker, Benchmarking Amazon EC2 for high-performance scientific computing, ;Login, October 2008.

                  PPAM, Wroclaw, Sept 2009                        Wolfgang Gentzsch          26
                                                                                                  RI-222919
Ed Walker, Benchmarking Amazon EC2 for high-performance scientific computing, ;Login, October 2008.
                  PPAM, Wroclaw, Sept 2009                        Wolfgang Gentzsch          27
                                                                                                  RI-222919
Ed Walker, Benchmarking Amazon EC2 for high-performance scientific computing, ;Login, October 2008.

                  PPAM, Wroclaw, Sept 2009                        Wolfgang Gentzsch          28
                                                                                                  RI-222919
Ed Walker, Benchmarking Amazon EC2 for high-performance scientific computing, ;Login, October 2008.

                  PPAM, Wroclaw, Sept 2009                        Wolfgang Gentzsch          29
                                                                                                  RI-222919
A Closer Look at HPC Load
Single parallel job, cpu-intensive, tightly-coupled,
highly scalable, peta, exa,..
Single parallel job, cpu-intensive, weakly-scalable
Capacity computing, throughput, parameter jobs
Managing massive data sets, possibly
geographically distributed
Analysis and visualization of data sets


                 *) Similar to the analysis of T.Sterling and D.Stark, LSU, HPCwire

      PPAM, Wroclaw, Sept 2009                        Wolfgang Gentzsch               30
                                                                                           RI-222919
Clouds and supercomputers:
                 Conventional wisdom?



 Clouds/
 clusters
                                       Too slow




  Super            Too
computers       expensive
                                                             Courtesy
                                                            Ian Foster

              Loosely coupled Tightly coupled
                  applications
            PPAM, Wroclaw, Sept 2009
                                     applications
                                        Wolfgang Gentzsch     31
                                                                    RI-222919
Loosely coupled problems
• Ensemble runs to quantify climate model uncertainty
• Identify potential drug targets by screening a database of ligand
  structures against target proteins
• Study economic model sensitivity to parameters
• Analyze turbulence dataset from many perspectives
• Perform numerical optimization to determine optimal resource
  assignment in energy problems
• Mine collection of data from advanced light sources
• Construct databases of computed properties of chemical compounds
• Analyze data from the Large Hadron Collider
• Analyze log data from 100,000-node parallel computations
      ☺ all can run in the cloud ☺
             PPAM, Wroclaw, Sept 2009     Wolfgang Gentzsch   32
                                                                     3
                                                                   RI-222919
Thank You
       Dziekuje
               gentzsch@rzg.mpg.de




PPAM, Wroclaw, Sept 2009        Wolfgang Gentzsch   33
                                                         RI-222919

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e-Infrastructures for Science and Industry

  • 1. 8th Int. Conference on Parallel Processing and Applied Mathematics Wroclaw, Poland, Sep 13 – 16, 2009 e-Infrastructures for Science and Industry -Clusters, Grids, and Clouds – Wolfgang Gentzsch, The DEISA Project and OGF
  • 2. HPC Centers • They are service providers, for past 40 years • For research, education, and industry • Computing, storage, apps, data, services • Very professional • to end-users, they look (almost) like Clouds PPAM, Wroclaw, Sept 2009 Wolfgang Gentzsch 2 RI-222919
  • 3. Grids 1998: The Grid: Blueprint for a New Computing Infrastructure Ian Foster, Carl Kesselman 2002: The Anatomy of the Grid Ian Foster, Carl Kesselman, Steve Tuecke PPAM, Wroclaw, Sept 2009 Wolfgang Gentzsch 3 RI-222919
  • 4. Grids (Sun in 2001) Clouds Departmental Enterprise Global Grids Grids Grids PPAM, Wroclaw, Sept 2009 Wolfgang Gentzsch 4 RI-222919
  • 5. Public Clouds • and • IaaS, PaaS, SaaS • Access • Outside corporate data center • we • Elasticity Clouds • Access over the Internet • Virtual (Vmware, Xen,...) • have • all • Abstraction • Abstraction of the hardware • Public, •private, hybrid PaaS, IaaS,the Service oriented: SaaS, • HaaS • Variable cost of services (QoS) • Capex => Opex • components • Pay-per-use IT services • Pay-per-use up/down • Scaling • available • Scaling • today PPAM, Wroclaw, Sept 2009 Wolfgang Gentzsch 5 RI-222919
  • 6. Benefits of moving HPC to Grids • Closer collaboration with your colleagues (VCs) • More resources allow faster/more processing • Different architectures serve more users • Failover: move jobs to another system . . . and Clouds • No upfront cost for additional resources • CapEx => OpEx, pay-per-use • Elasticity, scaling up and down • Hybrid solution (private and public cloud) PPAM, Wroclaw, Sept 2009 Wolfgang Gentzsch 6 RI-222919
  • 7. The Cloud of Cloud Companies • Akamai • Amazon • Areti Internet • Google • Enki • Sun • Fortress ITX • Salesforce • Joyent • Microsoft • Layered Technologies • IBM • Rackspace • Oracle • Terremark • EMC • Xcalibre • Cloudera • Manjrasoft / Aneka • Cloudsoft • GridwiseTech / Momentum • NICE/EnginFrame PPAM, Wroclaw, Sept 2009 Wolfgang Gentzsch 7 RI-222919
  • 8. NICE EnginFrame Cluster/Grid/Cloud Portal Remote, interactive, transparent, secure access to apps & data on corporate Intranet or Internet, or in the Cloud. Users Virtualized Standard protocols Standard protocols Data Center Clusters Administrators Win LX Batch Applications Mac UX Licenses Users Intranet Clients Cloud Portal Interactive Applications / Gateway Administrators Virtualized Storage PPAM, Wroclaw, Sept 2009 Wolfgang Gentzsch 8 RI-222919
  • 9. A Scalable Data Cloud Infrastructure Example: GridwiseTech Momentum PPAM, Wroclaw, Sept 2009 Wolfgang Gentzsch 9 RI-222919
  • 10. ANEKA Cloud Platform SaaS Cloud applications Social computing, Enterprise, ISV, Scientific, CDNs, ... Aneka Cloud Platform Cloud Programming Models & SDK Task Thread Map Reduce Workflow Third Party Model Model Model Model Models Core Cloud Services PaaS SLA QoS Pricing Billing Metering Management Negotiation Job Execution Admission Data Monitoring Scheduling Management Control Storage VM VM Virtual Machines Management Deployment Windows Mac with Mono Linux with Mono Amazon Private Cloud Microsoft Google Sun IaaS Courtesy: Manjrasoft LAN network Data Center PPAM, Wroclaw, Sept 2009 Wolfgang Gentzsch 10 RI-222919
  • 11. PPAM, Wroclaw, Sept 2009 Wolfgang Gentzsch 11 RI-222919
  • 12. PPAM, Wroclaw, Sept 2009 Courtesy: Wolfgang Gentzsch Werner12 Vogels RI-222919
  • 13. 4000 Animoto EC2 image usage 0 Day 1 Day 8 PPAM, Wroclaw, Sept 2009 Wolfgang Gentzsch 13 RI-222919
  • 14. ‚My‘ current project: DEISA: Grid or Cloud ? Distributed European Infrastructure for Supercomputing Applications Ecosystem for HPC Grand-Challenge Applications
  • 15. DEISA HPC Centers DEISA1: May 1st, 2004 – April 30th, 2008 DEISA2: May 1st, 2008 – April 30th, 2011 PPAM, Wroclaw, Sept 2009 Wolfgang Gentzsch 15 RI-222919
  • 16. DEISA UNICORE Infrastructure Gateway CINECA user Gateway IDRIS Gateway Gateway FZJ HLRS Gateway job job ECMWF HPCX Gateway Gateway CSC LRZ NJS Gateway IDRIS IBM P6 LRZ user Gateway CINECA NJS NJS RZG FZJ IBM HLRS NEC SX8 IDB UUDB Gateway Gateway BSC IDB UUDB IDB UUDB SARA NJS ECMWF IBM P5 NJS AIX LL-MC HPCX Cray XT4 IDB UUDB Super-UX AIX NQS II IDB UUDB LL-MC P FT G rid AIX LL UNICOS/lc NJS PBS Pro NJS CSC Cray XT4/5 LRZ SGI ALTIX IDB UUDB UNICOS/lc PBS Pro IDB UUDB LINUX PBS Pro NJS CINECA IBM P5 AIX LL-MC AIX IDB UUDB LL-MC LINUX LINUX NJS Maui/Slurm LL RZG IBM NJS NJS IDB UUDB BSC IBM PPC SARA IBM PPAM, Wroclaw, Sept 2009 IDB UUDB IDB UUDB Wolfgang Gentzsch 16 RI-222919
  • 17. Categories of DEISA services Operations re t qu or es pp ct of ts su du fer co s ro ss st nf sp ue er ig r q ur vic fe re ati of e n o requests development Technologies Applications offers technology PPAM, Wroclaw, Sept 2009 Wolfgang Gentzsch 17 RI-222919
  • 18. DEISA Service Layers Multiple Common Presen- Workflow ways to production tation managemnt access environmnt layer Co- Single Job manag. Job reservation monitor layer and rerouting and co- system monitor. allocation Data WAN Data Data staging transfer shared manag. tools tools File system layer Network Unified DEISA Network and AAA Sites connectivity AAA layers PPAM, Wroclaw, Sept 2009 Wolfgang Gentzsch 18 RI-222919
  • 19. DEISA Global File System IBM P6 & BlueGene/P IBM P6 & BlueGene/P NEC SX8 AIX, Linux LL-MC Super-UX AIX, Linux NQS II LL-MC P FT IBM P6 G rid Cray XT4 AIX LL UNICOS/lc PBS Pro Cray XT4/5 UNICOS/lc PBS Pro SGI ALTIX LINUX PBS Pro AIX LL-MC IBM P5 AIX, Linux LL-MC LINUX LINUX Maui/Slurm LL IBM P5+ / P6 IBM P6 & BlueGene/P IBM PPC Global transparent file system based on the Multi-Cluster General Parallel File System (MC-GPFS of IBM) PPAM, Wroclaw, Sept 2009 Wolfgang Gentzsch 19 RI-222919
  • 20. User management in DEISA • A dedicated LDAP-based distributed repository administers DEISA users • Trusted LDAP servers are authorized to access each other (based on X.509 certificates) and encrypted communication is used to maintain confidentiality SARA SARA BSC CINECA CSC ECMWF EPCC FZJ HLRS IDRIS LRZ RZG PPAM, Wroclaw, Sept 2009 Wolfgang Gentzsch 20 RI-222919
  • 21. DEISA: Grid or Cloud ? • Built on top of proven, professional infrastructure of HPC centers with expertise in implementation, operation, services. • Ecosystem of resources, middleware, applications is respecting administrative, cultural and political autonomy of partners. • Globalizing existing HPC services - from local to global - according to user requirements: revolution by evolution. • User support: user-friendly access to resources, porting user apps onto turnkey architecture. • After EU funding, DEISA HPC ecosystem will operate in a sustainable way, in the interest of the ‘global scientist’, as... ... almost an HPC Cloud ! PPAM, Wroclaw, Sept 2009 Wolfgang Gentzsch 21 RI-222919
  • 22. There are still many Challenges with Clouds Sustainable TECHNICAL Competitive Advantage CULTURAL LEGAL & REGULATORY PPAM, Wroclaw, Sept 2009 Wolfgang Gentzsch 22 RI-222919
  • 23. Challenges, Potential Cloud Inhibitors • Not all applications are cloud-ready or cloud-enabled • Interoperability of clouds (standards ?) • Sensitive data, sensitive applications (med.patient records) • Different organizations have different ROI • Security: end-to-end from your resources to the cloud ! • Current IT culture is not predisposed to sharing resources • “Static” licensing model doesn’t embrace cloud • Protection of intellectual property • Legal issues (FDA, HIPAA) PPAM, Wroclaw, Sept 2009 Wolfgang Gentzsch 23 RI-222919
  • 24. A Cloud Checklist for HPC When is your HPC app ready for the Cloud ? ... no issues with licenses, IP, secrecy, privacy, sensitive data and big data movement, legal or regulatory issues, trust, . . . ...your app is architecture independent, not optimized for specific architecture (single process, loosely-coupled low- level parallel, I/O-robust) ...it’s just one app and zillions of parameters ...latency and bandwidth are not an issue Ideally, your meta-scheduler knows your requirements and schedules automatically ☺ PPAM, Wroclaw, Sept 2009 Wolfgang Gentzsch 24 RI-222919
  • 25. Hybrid Grid/Cloud Resource Management Project C Define policies according to priorities, budget, and time User 1 Team B Department 4 Department 3 Contractor X User 2 Department 2 Project A External Cloud Resources Department 1 Department resource access Campus wide resource demand PPAM, Wroclaw, Sept 2009 Wolfgang Gentzsch 25 RI-222919
  • 26. Ed Walker, Benchmarking Amazon EC2 for high-performance scientific computing, ;Login, October 2008. PPAM, Wroclaw, Sept 2009 Wolfgang Gentzsch 26 RI-222919
  • 27. Ed Walker, Benchmarking Amazon EC2 for high-performance scientific computing, ;Login, October 2008. PPAM, Wroclaw, Sept 2009 Wolfgang Gentzsch 27 RI-222919
  • 28. Ed Walker, Benchmarking Amazon EC2 for high-performance scientific computing, ;Login, October 2008. PPAM, Wroclaw, Sept 2009 Wolfgang Gentzsch 28 RI-222919
  • 29. Ed Walker, Benchmarking Amazon EC2 for high-performance scientific computing, ;Login, October 2008. PPAM, Wroclaw, Sept 2009 Wolfgang Gentzsch 29 RI-222919
  • 30. A Closer Look at HPC Load Single parallel job, cpu-intensive, tightly-coupled, highly scalable, peta, exa,.. Single parallel job, cpu-intensive, weakly-scalable Capacity computing, throughput, parameter jobs Managing massive data sets, possibly geographically distributed Analysis and visualization of data sets *) Similar to the analysis of T.Sterling and D.Stark, LSU, HPCwire PPAM, Wroclaw, Sept 2009 Wolfgang Gentzsch 30 RI-222919
  • 31. Clouds and supercomputers: Conventional wisdom? Clouds/ clusters Too slow Super Too computers expensive Courtesy Ian Foster Loosely coupled Tightly coupled applications PPAM, Wroclaw, Sept 2009 applications Wolfgang Gentzsch 31 RI-222919
  • 32. Loosely coupled problems • Ensemble runs to quantify climate model uncertainty • Identify potential drug targets by screening a database of ligand structures against target proteins • Study economic model sensitivity to parameters • Analyze turbulence dataset from many perspectives • Perform numerical optimization to determine optimal resource assignment in energy problems • Mine collection of data from advanced light sources • Construct databases of computed properties of chemical compounds • Analyze data from the Large Hadron Collider • Analyze log data from 100,000-node parallel computations ☺ all can run in the cloud ☺ PPAM, Wroclaw, Sept 2009 Wolfgang Gentzsch 32 3 RI-222919
  • 33. Thank You Dziekuje gentzsch@rzg.mpg.de PPAM, Wroclaw, Sept 2009 Wolfgang Gentzsch 33 RI-222919