1. Outsourcing: un modo per collaborare
Outsourcing is any task, operation, job or process that
could be performed by employees within your company,
but is instead contracted
to a third party for a significant period of time.
The functions that are performed by the third party can be performed on-site or
off-site.
Definizione
Hiring a temporary
employee while your
secretary is
on maternity leave is
not outsourcing.

2. Outsourcing has seen a lot of press recently. Some look to outsourcing as the savior of their
company; others see outsourcing as an evil job-killing tactic of management. Before you
start to evaluate if an outsourcing strategy is right for your company, you need to
understand what it is and what it is not.
Outsourcing: perché serve
There are many reasons why a company may choose to outsource a
particular function of their business. Most managers have the end-result-
in-mind that they are going to save time and/or money.
Other
reasons
include
•Shortage of critical resource (expert, labor force,materials)
•Concentration on the core business (major hospital outsourcing
its security operations to a third party company)
•Cost savings
•Flexibility (seasonal and cyclical demands)
•Reduction of hoverhead costs (functions requiring larhe outlay of
money, just to get started)

3. The collaborative economy of biotechnology: alliances,
outsourcing and R&D (Luis Suarez-Villa and Wallace Walrod)
Collaboration is playing a major role in the development of biotechnology.
Most biotech enterprises … might not have survived without the support provided by the many
collaborative arrangements that have developed in this sector. However, the question of whether
collaboration provides stronger support for biotech innovation and research is still an open one.
This contribution provides significant evidence on the effect of the most important collaborative modes
on biotech research and development (R&D) and on its association with major enterprise
characteristics, such as employment, costs, revenue and assets.
The context of collaboration in biotechnology is considered first, along with the need to
sustain continuous innovation.
The two most important modes of collaboration, alliances and outsourcing, are then discussed and
related to their potential support for biotech R&D. …….. In general, collaboration was found to be
strongly supportive of biotech R&D, particularly when it occurred through alliances.
Alliances with pharmaceutical firms were found to be most supportive of R&D. Outsourcing was also
found to be supportive, except when establishments subcontracted out their own R&D.
School of Social Ecology, University of California, Irvine, CA , USA).
Alliances and Outsourcing
nell’industria biotech:
la necessità di innovare
International Journal of
Biotechnology (5, 402, 2003)

4. Commentary
The power and pitfalls of outsourcing
Franz B Pichler1 & Susan J Turner
Introduction- Increasingly, life science researchers are taking
steps to outsource experimental protocols to contract technology
providers.
The rapid development of ever more complex and expensive technology coupled with
the increasingly competitive environment in the life sciences is changing both
how we access technology and how we conduct research.
It is no longer possible to expect every technology to be readily
available within a research institution, let alone a laboratory, yet access
to such technology is often the difference between success and failure within today's
competitive funding models.
To fully embrace emerging technologies, scientists are increasingly reliant on
outsourcing to contract technology providers (CTPs). In this context, CTPs are
companies or institutes that conduct partial or entire experiments on a commercial
basis.
Nature Biotechnology 25, 1093 - 1096 (2007)
Alliances and Outsourcing
nella ricerca accademica:
la spinta della competitività