1. Careers and
Pay of
WomenZACKERY VALLIN
BLUE 3
6 JUNE 2014

2. Essential Question
 Difference between careers of women and men
along with why a pay gap?

3. Classification
 Career fields of female employment different
than that of males.
 Restricted career path.
 Pay
 Continuing gap
 Reasons-Male vs. Female
 Gap slowly closing

4. Career of Females in
History
 19th Century
 Women’s roles
 Farm life
 Work divided equally
 Survival of the family
 Urbanization-change first experienced
 Farming Economy to Market Economy

5. Early Careers
 Assumed by society the pressures of life too much
to handle outside of the home
 Prohibited from politics, voting, and urged not to
work outside of the domestic setting
 Women’s Rights Movement for equality began
 August 18, 1920-19th Amendment- women's right
to vote

6. Early Careers
 Stereotypes
 Belong at home
 Domestic life type jobs
 Positions needed WWI
 Journalists
 Stay home textile workers

7. Early Careers
 WWII affecting America
 Women taking over male jobs
 “Men” serving the country
 Women served as nurses during war
 Rosie the Riveter
 Strength of Women
 Stand Up/ Change
 Men Return Home
 Want jobs back

8. Work Force
 Females
 Make up 47%
 Restricted range of careers
 Organization for Economic Co-operation and
Development (OECD)
 20 Countries
 Highest Careers gaps with gender
 United States, Italy, Ireland, Greece, United Kingdom

9. Occupations of Men and Women
Women Men
Pre-primary education teaching
associate professionals (14.5)
Miners, shot firers, stone cutters,
and carvers (80.2)
Nursing and midwifery professionals
(10.1)
Building frame and related trade
workers (64.8)
Secretaries and keyboard-
operating clerks (9.8)
Ships’ deck crews and related
workers (52.9)
Nursing and midwifery associate
professionals (9.5)
Building finishers and related trade
workers (35.4)
Personal care and related workers
(9.3)
Mining and constructions laborers
(35.3)
Primary education teaching
associate professionals (6.2)
Agricultural and other mobile plant
operators (24.5)
Shop, stall and market salespersons
and demonstrators (5.8)
Metal Molders, welders, Structural
trades (23.1)
Special education teaching
professionals (5.6)
Machinery Mechanics and fitters
(21.7)
Domestic and related helpers,
cleaners, launderers (5.4)
Plant/ productions operators (15.9)

10. Careers

11. Female Pay Gap
 Women- receive more college and graduate
degrees than men
 On average make less than men
 2012- Women made only 77 cents for every dollar
earned by men
 23% Pay gap
 Slowly decreasing by still a continuing gap

12. Causes of the Pay Gap
 Positions held
 Amount of time employed
 Workplace discrimination
 Education
 Hours worked
 Pay associated with the job
 Individual differences

13. Equal Opportunity
Employer
 Federal Law preventing employment
discrimination
 Race, color, religion, sex (including pregnancy),
national origin, age (40 or older), disability or
genetic information.
 Harassment by managers, co-workers, or others in
the workplace

14. Manchester Republican
Committee Member
 Paycheck Equity Act-April 23, 2014
 “The jobs of men are, by and large, more risky
and make more for simply for some of the things
they do.”
 “Men do not mind working overtime or outdoors
in the elements.”
 “Men work five or six hours longer a week than
women do, when it comes to women and men
who own businesses… women make half of what
men do because of flexibility of work, men are
more motivated by money than women are,’
even adding, ‘Guys! I’m not making this stuff up!”

15. How Careers and Pay
gap is changing
 More opportunities for women
 Legal aspects
 Leadership roles of women
 Entrepreneurship
 Negotiate Pay

16. Forbes Magazine

17. Leadership in Forbes
 Dilma Rousseff- Brazilian President
 Marissa Mayer- Yahoo
 Virginia Rometty- IBM
 Denise Morrison- Campbell Soup
 Julia Gillard- Prime Minister Australia

18. A Closer Look: Video

19. Link to Presentation
 For further information regarding this presentation
please contact me at: vallin.zackery@gmail.com

20. Works Cited
 http://www.psdgraphics.com/psd-icons/male-and-
female-signs/
 http://www.carinsurancerates.com/male-versus-
female-drivers.html
 http://priyankasexpression.wordpress.com/
 http://www.womensfundcentralohio.org/tag/wome
ns-history/
 http://partnerwithsheena.com/gender-wage-gap/
 http://www.nerdwallet.com/blog/current-events-
and-banking-industry-news/gender-pay-gap-
infographic/
 http://cathyreisenwitz.com/blog/2014/05/23/occup
ational-regulations-gender-wage-gap/