1. Procter & Gamble
Type Public :- NYSE
Founded :- 1837
Headquarters :- One Procter & Gamble Plaza, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
Key people :- A. G. Lafley, Chairman, President, and Chief Executive
Industry :Consumer goods
Revenue :- ▲ US$83.503 billion (2008)
Net income :- ▲ US$12.075 billion (2008)
Employees :- 138,000
P &G is the 8th largest corporation in the world by market capitalization and
14th largest US company by profit
It is 10th in Fortune's Most Admired Companies list (as of 2007)
It is credited with many business innovations including brand management,
the soap opera, and the Connect + Develop initiative.
According to the Nielsen Company, in 2007 P&G spent more on U.S.
advertising than any other company; the $2.62 billion it spent is almost twice
as much as General Motors

2. Procter & Gamble
 The next company on the Nielsen list.
 P&G was named 2008 Advertiser of the Year by Cannes
International Advertising Festival.
 William Procter, a candlemaker, and James Gamble, a
soapmaker, immigrants from England and Ireland respectively
who had settled earlier in Cincinnati, who met as they both
married sisters, Olivia and Elizabeth Norris, formed the
company initially.
 Alexander Norris, their father-in law called a meeting in which
he convinced his new sons-in-law to become business
partners. On October 31, 1837, as a result of the suggestion,
Procter & Gamble was born.

3. Procter & Gamble
 In 1859, sales reached one million dollars. By this point,
approximately eighty employees worked for Procter &
Gamble.
 During the American Civil War, the company won contracts to
supply the Union Army with soap and candles.
 In addition to the increased profits experienced during the
war, the military contracts introduced soldiers from all over
the country to Procter & Gamble's products.
 In the 1880s, Procter & Gamble began to market a new
product, an inexpensive soap that floats in water.
 The company called the soap Ivory. William Arnett Procter,
William Procter's grandson, began a profit-sharing program
for the company's workforce in 1887.
 By giving the workers a stake in the company, he assumed
correctly that they would be less likely to go on strike.

4. Procter & Gamble
The company began to build factories in other locations in the
United States, because the demand for products had
outgrown the capacity of the Cincinnati facilities.
The company's leaders began to diversify its products as well
and, in 1911, began producing Crisco, a shortening made of
vegetable oils rather than animal fats.
As radio became more popular in the 1920s and 1930s, the
company sponsored a number of radio programs.
As a result, these shows often became commonly known as
"soap operas“.
The company moved into other countries, both in terms of
manufacturing and product sales, becoming an international
corporation with its 1930 acquisition of the Newcastle upon
Tyne-based Thomas Hedley Co.

5. Procter & Gamble
 Procter & Gamble maintained a strong link to the North East of England after
this acquisition.
 Numerous new products and brand names were introduced over time, and
Procter & Gamble began branching out into new areas.
 The company introduced "Tide" laundry detergent in 1946 and "Prell"
shampoo in 1950. In 1955, Procter & Gamble began selling the first
toothpaste to contain fluoride, known as "Crest".
 Branching out once again in 1957, the company purchased Charmin Paper
Mills and began manufacturing toilet paper and other paper products.
 Once again focusing on laundry, Procter & Gamble began making "Downy"
fabric softener in 1960 and "Bounce" fabric softener sheets in 1972.
 One of the most revolutionary products to come out on the market was the
company's "Pampers", first test-marketed in 1961.
 Prior to this point disposable diapers were not popular.
 although Johnson & Johnson had developed a product called "Chux".
 Babies always wore cloth diapers, which were leaky and labor intensive to
wash. Pampers simplified the diapering process

6. Procter & Gamble
 Procter & Gamble acquired a number of other companies that
diversified its product line and increased profits significantly.
 These acquisitions included Folgers Coffee, Norwich Eaton
Pharmaceuticals, Richardson-Vicks, Noxell, Shulton's Old Spice, Max
Factor, and the Iams Company, among others.
 In 1994, the company made headlines for big losses resulting from
leveraged positions in interest rate derivatives, and subsequently sued
Bankers Trust for fraud; this placed their management in the unusual
position of testifying in court that they had entered into transactions
they were not capable of understanding.
 In 1996, Procter & Gamble again made headlines when the Food and
Drug Administration approved a new product developed by the
company, Olestra.
 Also known by its brand name Olean, Olestra is a substitute for fat in
cooking potato chips and other snacks that during its development
stages is known to have caused anal leakage and gastro-intestinal
difficulties in humans.

7. Procter & Gamble
 In January 2005 P&G announced an acquisition of Gillette, forming the largest
consumer goods company and placing Unilever into second place.
 This added brands such as Gillette razors, Duracell, Braun, and Oral-B to their
stable.
 The acquisition was approved by the European Union and the Federal Trade
Commission, with conditions to a spinoff of certain overlapping brands.
 P&G has agreed to sell its SpinBrush battery-operated electric toothbrush
business to Church & Dwight. It also divested Gillette's oral-care toothpaste line,
Rembrandt.
 The deodorant brands Right Guard, Soft & Dri, and Dry Idea were sold to Dial
Corporation.
 The companies officially merged October 1, 2005. In 2008, P&G branched into
the record business with its sponsorship of Tag Records, as an endorsement for
TAG Body Spray.
• P&G's dominance in many categories of consumer products makes its brand
management decisions worthy of study.
• For example, P&G's corporate strategists must account for the likelihood of one
of their products cannibalizing the sales of another

8. Procter & Gamble
 Effective July 1, 2007, the company's operations are categorized into 3
"Global Business Units" with each Global Business Unit divided into
"Business Segments," according to the company's June 2007 earnings
release.
 Beauty Care
– Beauty segment
 Grooming segment
 Household Care
– Baby Care and Family Care segment
Fabric Care and Home Care segment
 Health & Well-Being
Health Care
 Snacks, Coffee and Pet Care

9. Procter & Gamble
• Current members of the board of directors of Procter & Gamble
are: Alan Lafley, Clayton Daley Jr., Charles Lee, Ralph Snyderman
M.D., Margaret Whitman, W. J. McNerney Jr., Lynn Martin,
Johnathan Rodgers, Ernesto Zedillo, Scott Cook, Rajat Gupta,
Patricia Woertz, and Kenneth Chenault. [11]
• In October 2008, P&G was named one of "Canada's Top 100
Employers" by Mediacorp Canada Inc., and was featured in
Maclean's newsmagazine. Later that month, P&G was also named
one of Greater Toronto's Top Employers, which was announced by
the Toronto Star newspaper.

10. Procter & Gamble brands
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24 of P&G's brands have more than a billion dollars in net annual sales and another 18 have
sales between $500 million and $1 billion.
Always is a brand of feminine hygiene products, including maxi pads, pantiliners
(sometimes called Alldays), and feminine wipes.
Ariel is a brand of washing powder/liquid, available in numerous forms and scents.
Actonel is brand of Osteoporosis drug Risedronate co marketed by Sanofi-Aventis.
Bounty is a brand of paper towel sold in the United States, Canada and the United Kingdom
Braun is a small-appliances manufacturer specializing in electric razors, coffeemakers,
toasters, and blenders.
Crest is a brand of toothpaste.
Dawn is a brand of dishwashing detergent.
Downy/Lenor is a brand of fabric softener.
Duracell is a brand of batteries and flashlights.
Fusion is a brand of mens wet shave razors, and is the quickest P&G brand to have reached
$1 billion in annual sales
Gain is a brand of laundry detergent and fabric softeners.
Gillette is a safety razor manufacturer.

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Head & Shoulders is a brand of shampoo.
High Endurance is a deodorant by Old Spice
Ivory is a soap
Nice 'n Easy is a hair color product.
Olay is a brand of women's skin care products.
Oral-B is a brand of toothbrush.
Pampers is a brand of disposable diaper/nappy
Pantene is a brand of haircare.
Prilosec OTC is a brand of heartburn medicine co-marketed by
AstraZeneca.
Pringles is a famous brand of potato chips.
Puffs is a type of facial tissue.
Secret is a deodorant
TAG is a deodorant & Body Spray
Tide is a brand of laundry detergent.
Vicks is a brand of over-the-counter medicines
Wella is a brand of hair care (shampoo, conditioner, styling, hair color).
Whisper is a brand of pantyliners

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Manufacturing
Procter & Gamble manufactures its products across the globe.
Manufacturing operations are based in the following geographies
US
Canada
Latin America
Europe
China (31 wholly-owned factories) and other parts of Asia
Africa
Australia

13. • The P&G production ident used from early 1986 to August 3, 2007.
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• Procter & Gamble Productions logo used from August 6, 2007 to June 30, 2008.
• Procter & Gamble produced and sponsored the first radio soap operas in the
1930s (Procter and Gamble's being known for detergents (soaps) was probably
the genesis of the term "soap opera").
• When the medium switched to television in the 1950s and 1960s, most of the
new serials were sponsored and produced by the company.
• Three of their serials, The Young and the Restless, As the World Turns and
Guiding Light, are still on the air today and are produced by TeleNext Media,
Inc. (a unit of Publicis) for Procter & Gamble
• Procter & Gamble Productions Inc. is credited as one of the production
companies on "Living Proof: The Hank Williams Jr Story" a TV movie biopic
about country musician Hank Williams Jr.
• It is also written on the back cover of the Warner Bros. North American VHS
Cassette Release.
• It is credited as the first of three production companies, the latter being Telcom
Entertainment Inc. and Melpomene Productions Inc.