1. VOLUME 1, ISSUE 4 11/12/12
HORMONES, THE PERFECT STORM?
NORTHWEST ISD
Article One
Hormone tion in the digestive tract
Glucagon= Pancreatic Gonads= primary sex organs in the male and
islets= Promotes in the female. Each is structured differently,
movements of glucose and each produces its own unique set of hor-
from storage and into mones
the blood
Testes= Are paired organs within a sac of
Insulin= Pancreatic skin called scrotum, what produces male sex
islets= Promotes hormones
movements of glucose
Ovaries= are a set of paired glands in the
out of the blood into
pelvis that creates several types of hormone
the cells
including estrogens, and progesterone, what
Somatostatin= Pancre- produces women’s sex hormones
© (17) atic islets= can have
general effects in the
Steroid hormones= usually used for sports
build up large molecules (anabolism)will
body, but primary
cause negative feed back such as atrophy of
role seems to be reg-
the testes.
ulation of secretion of
the pancreatic hor-
mones
Pancreatic polypep-
tide = pancreatic is-
lets= excact functions
incertain, but seems
to influence absorp-
Inside this issue:
Article one 1
Article two 2
Article three 3
Article four 4—5
Article five 6

2. HORMONES, THE PERFECT STORM?
Page 2
Article Two
16-6
The target cell concept. A hormone acts only on cells
that have receptors specific to that hormone because
the shape of the receptor de-
termines which hormone can
react with it. This is an exam-
ple of the lock-and-key model
of biochemical reaction. (1)

3. VOLUME 1, ISSUE 4
Page 3
Article Three
The endocrine glands like thy- stream to control many func-
system is re- roid glands to tions of the body. This system
sponsible for secrete thyroid overlaps with the nervous sys-
the regulation hormones tem and exocrine system, and
of hormones in The endocrine its responsibilities include
the body. It system is a col- metabolism, growth and sexu-
works with lection of al development Many of the
nervous system glands and or- basic hormones are active
by stimulating gans that pro- from birth, but most of the
the brain to re- duce and regu- hormones relates to repro-
lease hormone late hormones ductive functions are not pro-
to stimulate in the blood- duced or secreted
until puberty.
© (18)

4. NEWSLETTER TITLE
Page 4
Article Four—graphs
Hormone Source Target Principle Action
Growth hormone- Hypothalamus Adenohypophysis Stimulates secretion of
releasing hormone (somatotrophs) growth hormone
Growth hormone- Hypothalamus Adenohypophysis Inhibits secretion of
inhibiting hormone (GIH) (somatotrophs) growth hormone
ir somatostatin
Corticotropin-releasing Hypothalamus Adenohypophysis Stimulates release of
hormone (CRH) (corticotrophs) adrenocorticotropic hor-
mone (ACTH)
Thryotropin-releasing Hypothalamus Adenohypophysis Stimulates release of thy-
hormone (TRH) (thyrotrophs) roid-stimulating hormone
(TSH)
Gonadotropin-releasing Hypothalamus Adenohypophysis Stimulates release of gon-
hormone (GNRH) (gonadotrophs) adotropins (FSH and LH)
Prolactin-releasing hor- Hypothalamus Adenohypophysis Stimulates secretion of
mone (PRH) (corticotrophs) prolactin
Prolaction-inhibiting hor- Hypothalamus Adenohypophysis Inhibits secretion of pro-
mone (PIH) (corticotrophs) lactin
Growth hormone (GH) Adenohypophysis General Promotes growth by stim-
(somatotropin [STH]) (somatotrophs) ulating protein anabolism
and fat mobilization
Prolactin (PRL) Adenohypophysis Mammary glands Promotes milk secretion
(lactogenic hormone) (lactotrophs) (alveolar secretory cells)
Thyroid-stimulating hor- Adenohypophysis Thyroid glands Stimulates development
mone (TSH)* (thyrotrophs) and secretion in the thy-
roid gland
Adrenocorticotropic hor- Adenohypophysis Adrenal cortex Promotes development
mone (ACTH)* (corticotrophs) and secretion in the ad-
renal cortex
Follicle-stimulating hor- Adenohypophysis Gonads (primary sex or- Female- promotes devel-
mone (FSH)* (gonadotrophs) gans) opments of ovarian folli-
cle; stimulates estrogen
secretion
Male- promotes develop-
ment of testis; stimulates
sperm production
Luteinizing hormone (LH) Adenohypophysis Gonads Female- triggers ovula-
* (gonadotrophs) tion; promotes develop-
ment of corpus luteum
Male- stimulates produc-
tion of testosterone
Antidiuretic hormone Neurohypophysis Kidney Promotes water retention
(ADH) by kidney tubules
Oxytocin (OT) Neurohypophysis Uterus and mammary Stimulates uterine con-
glands tractions; stimulates ejec-
tion of milk into mamma-
ry ducts
Triiodothyronine (T3) Thyroid gland (follicular General Increase rate of metabo-
cells) lism
Tetraiodothyronine (T4) Thyroid gland (follicular General Increase rate of metabo-
or thyroxine cells) lism (usually converted to
T3 first)
Calcitonin (CT) Thyroid gland Bone tissue Increases calcium stor-
(parafollicular cells) age in bone, lowering
blood calcium levels

5. VOLUME 1, ISSUE 1
Page 5
Parathyroid hormone Parathyroid glands Bone tissue and kidney Increases calcium remov-
(PTH) or parathormone al from storage in bone
and produces the active
form of vitamin D in the
kidneys, increasing ab-
sorption of calcium by
intestines and increasing
blood calcium levels
Aldosterone Adrenal cortex (zona glo- Kidney Stimulates kidney tubules
merulosa) to conserve sodium,
which, in turn, triggers
the release of ADH and
the resulting conserva-
tion of water by the kid-
ney
Cortisol (hydrocortisone) Adrenal cortex (zona fas- General Influences metabolism of
ciculata) food molecules; in large
amounts, it has an anti-
inflammatory effect
Adrenal androgens Adrenal cortex (zona re- Sex organs, other effec- Exact role uncertain, but
ticularis) tors may support sexual func-
tion
Adrenal estrogens Adrenal cortex (zona re- Sex organs Thought to be physiologi-
ticularis) cally insignificant
Epinephrine (adrenaline) Adrenal medulla Sympathetic effectors Enhances and prolongs
the effects of the sympa-
thetic division of the auto-
nomic nervous system
Norepinephrine Adrenal medulla Sympathetic effectors Enhances and prolongs
the effects of the sympa-
thetic division of the auto-
nomic nervous system
Glucagon Pancreatic islets (alpha a General Promotes movement of
cells or A cells) glucose from storage and
into the blood
Insulin Pancreatic islets (beta b Pancreatic cells and other Can have general effects
cells or B cells) effectors in the body, but primary
role seems to be regula-
tion of secretion of other
pancreatic hormones
Somatosatin Pancreatic islets (delta d Pancreatic cells and other Can have general effects
cells or D cells) effectors in the body, but primary
role seems to be regula-
tion of secretion of other
pancreatic hormones
Pancreatic polypeptide Pancreatic islets Intestinal cells and other Exact function uncertain,
(pancreatic polyperptide effectors but seems to influence
[PP] or F cells absorption in the diges-
tive tract

6. NORTHWEST ISD
Article Five
Never got Part...